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CN-121650321-B - Flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121650321BCN 121650321 BCN121650321 BCN 121650321BCN-121650321-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, the radiation shielding composite material comprises a first hydrogel layer, a bismuth-lead alloy layer and a second hydrogel layer which are sequentially laminated, wherein the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer both contain bismuth oxide and tungsten powder. According to the invention, bismuth is introduced into the traditional lead sheet, so that the toxicity and weight of the radiation-proof product can be effectively reduced, specific radiation-proof particles are introduced into the hydrogel through the synergistic laminated structure design, and under the actions of multiple absorption and interface multiple scattering, the radiation-proof composite material can not only efficiently attenuate medium-high energy rays, but also effectively promote the scattering absorption of low-energy rays, realize 50-150 kV wide-energy spectrum protection, effectively break through the bottleneck of lead toxicity, heavy weight and narrow-spectrum protection of the traditional radiation-proof product, and has good application prospects in radiation protection in the radiation diagnosis and treatment process.

Inventors

  • FANG YULAN

Assignees

  • 江苏义倍医疗科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260206

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material is characterized by comprising a first hydrogel layer, a bismuth-lead alloy layer and a second hydrogel layer which are sequentially laminated, wherein the peripheries of the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are mutually fused and connected, the bismuth-lead alloy layer is completely coated and packaged between the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer, the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer both comprise bismuth oxide and tungsten powder, The particle size D50 of the bismuth oxide is 10-100 nm; The particle diameter D50 of the tungsten powder is 0.5-100 mu m; The thickness of the first hydrogel layer is 1-10 mm, the thickness of the bismuth-lead alloy layer is 0.5-5 mm, and the thickness of the second hydrogel layer is 1-10 mm; The mass ratio of bismuth in the bismuth-lead alloy is 15-80 wt% and the balance is lead; The mass ratio of bismuth oxide in the first hydrogel layer is 1-20wt%, and the mass ratio of tungsten powder is 1-20wt%; The mass ratio of bismuth oxide in the second hydrogel layer is 1-20wt%, and the mass ratio of tungsten powder is 1-20wt%.
  2. 2. The flexible low lead radiation shielding composite of claim 1, wherein the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer each further comprise, by mass, 0.4wt% to 1.2wt% glycerin, 13wt% to 16wt% polyethylene glycol, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% alkaline agent, 0.01wt% to 0.5wt% silane coupling agent, 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% crosslinked polyacrylic resin, 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% preservative, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% antioxidant, and the balance water.
  3. 3. The flexible low lead radiation shielding composite of claim 2, comprising at least one of the following features: (1) The polyethylene glycol comprises a first polyethylene glycol and a second polyethylene glycol, wherein the molecular weight of the first polyethylene glycol is 200-600, the molecular weight of the second polyethylene glycol is 1000-2000, and the mass ratio of the first polyethylene glycol to the second polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol is (20-25) (45-55); (2) The alkali reagent is sodium hydroxide; (3) The silane coupling agent is KH-550 and/or KH560; (4) The crosslinked polyacrylic resin is carbomer 940; (5) The preservative is p-hydroxybenzoate; (6) The antioxidant is 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-toluene.
  4. 4. The flexible low lead radiation shielding composite of claim 3 wherein said first polyethylene glycol is PEG400 and said second polyethylene glycol is PEG1450; and/or the mass ratio of the first polyethylene glycol to the second polyethylene glycol is (0.4-0.5): 1.
  5. 5. The flexible low lead radiation shielding composite of claim 1 or 3, wherein the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer each comprise, by mass, 2wt% to 4wt% bismuth oxide, 1wt% to 2.4wt% tungsten powder, 0.4wt% to 1.2wt% glycerol, 4wt% to 5wt% PEG400, 9wt% to 11wt% PEG1450, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% NaOH, 0.01wt% to 0.5wt% KH-550, 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% carbomer 940, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.2wt% to 0.4wt% 2, 6-di-tert-butyl p-toluene, and the balance water.
  6. 6. A method of preparing the flexible low lead radiation shielding composite of any of claims 1-5, wherein the first hydrogel layer is the same as the second hydrogel layer in preparation, the method comprising the steps of: (1) Weighing each solid raw material and each liquid raw material according to the formulas of the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer, mixing the other solid raw materials except the crosslinked polyacrylic resin with part of water for the first time, adding the other liquid raw materials except the water for the second time, and finally adding the crosslinked polyacrylic resin and the rest of water for the third time, so as to obtain hydrogel; (2) Transferring the hydrogel into a container, and adding a bismuth-lead alloy into the middle part along the horizontal plane of the container from top to bottom, so that the hydrogel completely coats the bismuth-lead alloy, and obtaining the flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of said portion of water to said remaining water is (10-20): 80-90; In the first stirring step, setting parameters of a stirring motor to be 10-30 HZ/min and stirring time to be 5-15 min; in the step of stirring for the second time, setting parameters of a stirring motor to be 10-30 HZ/min and stirring time to be 5-15 min; In the third stirring step, the setting parameters of a stirring motor are 20-40 HZ/min, and the stirring time is 3-5h.
  8. 8. Use of a flexible low lead radiation shielding composite according to any one of claims 1-5 for the manufacture of a radiation protective device.

Description

Flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of radiation shielding materials, in particular to a flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Metallic lead and its compounds are recognized as core materials for shielding low energy x-rays and gamma rays, one of the most commonly used radiation shielding materials at present, due to their high atomic number (z=82), high density (11.34 g/cm 3) and excellent radiation attenuation capabilities. However, such radiation shielding materials still present the following technical bottlenecks that are difficult to overcome: The risk of toxicity is high, lead is toxic, and long-term contact can cause serious health problems, such as nerve disorder, renal failure and the like. Therefore, the development of alternatives to "low lead" or "lead free" has become an urgent development in the industry. The weight is big, the flexibility is poor, can promote the protective capability through increasing plumbum equivalent, consequently in order to realize effective protection, traditional plumbum base protective material is usually very heavy, can not only influence wearing comfort level, and to the medical personnel who need wear such product for a long time, leads to musculoskeletal strain, tired aggravation easily, seriously influences flexibility of operation and occupation health. In addition, the rigidity of the traditional lead-based protective material limits the application scene of the lead-based protective material in the flexible wearable field, and meanwhile, the lead-based protective material can be cracked due to external stress in the wearing process, so that the protective effect is affected. The protective energy spectrum is narrow, the traditional lead-based protective material has the best shielding effect on X-rays with the tube voltage of about 80-100 kV, but the protective performance is strongly dependent on the energy of the rays. In practice, the operating voltage range of the x-ray apparatus is wide (e.g., CT scan can reach 120-140 kV, etc.). The shielding efficiency of conventional materials may drop significantly away from their optimum energy interval. This means that for a broad spectrum, multi-energy complex radiation environment, a single conventional lead-based shielding material is difficult to provide uniform and efficient global shielding, and a shielding weak area may exist. Based on this, there is a need to develop a flexible shielding composite material that can be widely used in radiodiagnosis and therapeutic procedures to meet the urgent needs of modern medical treatment for safe, comfortable and environment-friendly protective equipment. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems of high toxicity risk, large weight, poor flexibility, narrow protection energy spectrum and the like of the conventional lead-based radiation shielding material, the invention provides the flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material, and the preparation method and application thereof, and bismuth is introduced into a traditional lead sheet, so that the toxicity and weight of a radiation-proof product are effectively reduced, and specific radiation-proof particles are introduced into the hydrogel layer in cooperation with the laminated structure design of a first hydrogel layer, a bismuth-lead alloy layer and a second hydrogel layer, under the multiple absorption and interface multiple scattering actions, the radiation shielding composite material not only can efficiently attenuate medium-high energy rays, but also can effectively promote the scattering absorption of low-energy rays, realize 50-150 kV wide-energy spectrum protection, effectively break through the lead toxicity, the large weight and the narrow-spectrum protection bottleneck of the traditional radiation-proof product, and has good application prospects in the aspect of preparing radiation protection tools for radiation diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, the following technical scheme is provided: The invention provides a flexible low-lead radiation shielding composite material, which comprises a first hydrogel layer, a bismuth-lead alloy layer and a second hydrogel layer which are sequentially laminated, wherein the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer both comprise bismuth oxide and tungsten powder, the particle size D50 of the bismuth oxide is 10-100 nm, and the particle size D50 of the tungsten powder is 0.5-100 mu m. Further, the thickness of the first hydrogel layer is 1-10 mm, the thickness of the bismuth-lead alloy layer is 0.5-5 mm, and the thickness of the second hydrogel layer is 1-10 mm. Further, the peripheries of the first hydrogel layer and the second hydrogel layer are in fusion connection with each other, and the bismuth-lead alloy layer is compl