CN-121663194-B - Millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with wide-angle beam scanning function and array

Abstract

The invention discloses a millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with a large-angle beam scanning function and an array, which sequentially comprise a broadband radiator, a metal stratum and a microstrip line feed layer from top to bottom, wherein the broadband radiator comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch and a driving patch, the resonant frequency of the broadband radiator is regulated and controlled by controlling the sizes of the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the driving patch, and the bandwidth of the broadband radiator is further regulated and controlled by regulating the distance between the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the driving patch and the distance between the adjacent first metal patch and the adjacent second metal patch. The invention has simple and compact structure and wide impedance bandwidth, and can cover four millimeter wave frequency bands.

Inventors

• Dai Lingliang
• ZHANG XIUYIN
• SU HUAFENG

Assignees

• 华南理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260206

Claims (10)

1. 1. The millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with the large-angle beam scanning function is characterized by comprising a broadband radiator, a metal stratum and a microstrip line feed layer from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the broadband radiator comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch and a driving patch; the first rectangular patch consists of 3×3 first metal patches arranged in an array; the second rectangular patch consists of 2X 2 second metal patches which are arranged in an array, and a strip-shaped parasitic patch is arranged in the center of the second rectangular patch; The metal stratum comprises a metal ground plane and an H-shaped gap arranged on the metal ground plane; The microstrip line feed layer comprises a microstrip feed line, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the metal stratum through a grounding metal via hole; The resonant frequency of the broadband radiator is regulated and controlled by controlling the sizes of the first metal patch, the second metal patch and the driving patch, and the bandwidth of the broadband radiator is further regulated and controlled by regulating the distance between the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the driving patch and regulating the distance between the adjacent first metal patch and the adjacent second metal patch.
2. 2. The millimeter wave broadband filter antenna according to claim 1, comprising a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate stacked in order; The upper surface of the first medium substrate is provided with a first rectangular patch, the lower surface of the first medium substrate is provided with a second rectangular patch, the lower surface of the second medium substrate is provided with a driving patch, the lower surface of the third medium substrate is provided with a metal stratum, and the lower surface of the fourth medium substrate is provided with a microstrip line feed layer.
3. 3. The millimeter wave wideband filter antenna of claim 1, wherein said first metal patch comprises a square patch and a rectangular patch, said square patch being three, located in the middle of the first rectangular patch, and rectangular patches being on both sides.
4. 4. The millimeter wave wideband filter antenna of claim 1, wherein said microstrip feed line is a microstrip line having a gradual impedance change.
5. 5. The millimeter wave wideband filter antenna of claim 1, wherein the elongated parasitic patch is disposed perpendicular to the H-shaped slot, the elongated parasitic patch generates a current opposite to the driving patch at a half-wavelength resonance frequency point thereof, a third radiation zero is generated, and the length of the elongated parasitic patch is adjusted to further adjust the position of the third radiation zero.
6. 6. The millimeter wave wideband filter antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein said driving patch is square, four corners of said square being provided with cut corners.
7. 7. The millimeter wave broadband filter antenna of claim 2, wherein the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate, and the fourth dielectric substrate have thicknesses of 0.25mm, 0.2mm, 0.508mm, and 0.2mm, respectively.
8. 8. The millimeter wave wideband filter antenna of claim 1, wherein a microstrip feed line end short circuit would not couple energy efficiently to the wideband radiator at a particular frequency, further creating two radiation nulls, the particular frequency being one-quarter wavelength and three-quarter wavelength of the distance of the microstrip feed line end to the H-slot, the distance being adjusted while adjusting the positions of the two radiation nulls.
9. 9. An array of millimeter wave broadband filter antennas according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising N millimeter wave broadband filter antennas arranged in an array.
10. 10. The array of claim 9, wherein the feed ports of the N millimeter wave wideband filter antennas are connected to the power division feed network by phase extension lines connected to different lengths, and each antenna is given a different phase, so as to implement a beam scanning function of the antenna array.

Description

Millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with wide-angle beam scanning function and array Technical Field The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with a wide-angle beam scanning function and an array. Background With the development of 5G wireless communication, millimeter wave frequency bands are widely focused on due to abundant spectrum resources. The millimeter wave commercial frequency bands typically include four sub-bands, N258 (24.25-27 GHz), N257 (26.5-29.5 GHz), N260 (37-40 GHz), and N259 (39.5-43.5 GHz). In a wireless system, a broadband antenna covering a plurality of frequency bands is highly desirable in order to save space. To achieve broadband radiation, antennas typically increase the bandwidth by adding additional resonant modes, or by decreasing the quality factor of the radiator to increase the impedance bandwidth. Different radiation modes may not guarantee stable radiation in a broadband range, such as a radiation pattern changing and antenna gain changing suddenly, so designing a millimeter wave broadband antenna that covers four frequency bands simultaneously and radiates stably in the broadband range still has a great challenge. Millimeter wave antennas are more integrated and more lossy than Sub-6GHz band antennas, and therefore antenna arrays with beam scanning capabilities are often required to provide both higher gain and wider coverage. To achieve a large angle beam sweep of the antenna array, the antenna elements need to have a larger beam width, while smaller element sizes also facilitate reducing the spacing of the antenna element arrays to improve the beam sweep capability of the antenna array over a wide bandwidth range. Thus, designing a compact broadband antenna of small size can help the antenna array achieve a large beam scanning range within the broadband. In addition, millimeter-wave antennas often require connection with other radio frequency components (e.g., filters) to suppress out-of-band interference. Conventional cascaded antenna and filter schemes result in bulky, reduced integration, increased insertion loss, and reduced overall system performance. A common design method of a filtering antenna is to replace the last resonator of the filter with an antenna or introduce a radiation null in the stop band to suppress the antenna radiation to form a filtering function. However, in the design of the millimeter wave antenna, due to the limitation of size constraint and manufacturing, it is very challenging to realize the millimeter wave antenna with filtering function, and the research of the millimeter wave filtering antenna without additional filtering circuit has great significance. Therefore, research on millimeter wave broadband filter antennas has unique value under the development of 5G wireless communication. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with a wide angle beam scanning function. Another object of the present invention is to provide a millimeter wave broadband filtering antenna array with a wide angle beam scanning function. The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: The millimeter wave broadband filter antenna with the large-angle beam scanning function sequentially comprises a broadband radiator, a metal stratum and a microstrip line feed layer from top to bottom, wherein the broadband radiator comprises a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch and a driving patch; the first rectangular patch consists of 3×3 first metal patches arranged in an array; the second rectangular patch consists of 2X 2 second metal patches which are arranged in an array, and a strip-shaped parasitic patch is arranged in the center of the second rectangular patch; The metal stratum comprises a metal ground plane and an H-shaped gap arranged on the metal ground plane; the microstrip line feed layer comprises a microstrip feed line, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the metal stratum through a grounding metal via hole. The resonant frequency of the broadband radiator is regulated and controlled by controlling the sizes of the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and the coupling amount of the broadband radiator is regulated and controlled by regulating the distance between the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the driving patch and the distance between the adjacent first metal patch and the adjacent second metal patch, so that the bandwidth of the broadband radiator is further regulated and controlled. Further, the method comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate which are stacked in sequence; The upper surface of the first medium su