CN-121677850-B - Multi-scale base stream monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

CN121677850BCN 121677850 BCN121677850 BCN 121677850BCN-121677850-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of river monitoring, and discloses a multi-scale base flow monitoring method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the invention adopts non-contact multi-source collaborative monitoring, which comprises satellite remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar, microwave radar and the like, the method effectively overcomes the defect that the traditional contact measurement is easily influenced by flood rushing and sediment accumulation in hilly and mountainous areas, and based on the defect, the method takes the key parameter which is high in continuity and has cross-scale representativeness as a core, thereby realizing multi-scale collaborative continuous observation of millimeter-scale resolution of sites, centimeter-scale inversion precision of river reach and ten-meter satellite coverage of river basin. Meanwhile, through long-term monitoring and algorithm optimization, a complete technical closed loop from water level observation and flow calculation to base flow quantification is formed based on an improved digital filtering method, and an efficient, accurate and generalized systematic solution is provided for base flow monitoring.

Inventors

LIU ZHENG
SUN HAOYAN
ZHOU YAN
TANG ZHEREN
LIAO YONGXIN
YIN WEI
LIU SHENG
PENG CHENGRONG
GAO YONG
LV YI

Assignees

三峡环境科技有限公司
中国长江三峡集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. A method of multi-scale base flow monitoring, the method comprising: Acquiring multi-scale monitoring data and GNSS (Global navigation satellite System) observation data of a target river basin, wherein the multi-scale monitoring data comprise satellite data of the river basin scale, synthetic aperture radar data of the river reach scale and microwave radar data of a monitoring station scale; According to the multi-scale monitoring data and the GNSS observation data, calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale in a water level inversion mode, and calculating the runoff of the monitoring station according to a hydraulic basic principle; and dividing the runoff of each scale into basic flows to obtain the basic flows of each scale.
2. The multi-scale base stream monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic aperture radar data are obtained by aerial survey of unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted synthetic aperture radars, the microwave radar data are obtained by measurement of microwave radars installed at monitoring stations, and the monitoring stations are established at river sections of a target river basin.
3. The multi-scale base stream monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale by means of water level inversion and the runoff of the monitoring station by means of the hydraulic basic principle according to the multi-scale monitoring data and the GNSS observation data comprises the following steps: performing water level inversion according to satellite data of a river basin scale and synthetic aperture radar data of a river reach scale respectively, and calculating runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale by combining GNSS observation data; And calculating the runoff of the monitoring station according to the microwave radar data of the scale of the monitoring station by using a hydraulic basic principle.
4. A multi-scale base stream monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing water level inversion according to the satellite data of the river basin scale and the synthetic aperture radar data of the river reach scale respectively, and calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale by combining the GNSS observation data comprises the following steps: Respectively obtaining the phase difference of the two echo images from the satellite data of the river basin scale and the synthetic aperture radar data of the river reach scale to obtain the satellite data phase difference of the river basin scale and the synthetic aperture radar data phase difference of the river reach scale; Calculating a water level elevation change value of the river basin scale and a water level elevation change value of the river reach scale according to a geometric principle respectively for the satellite data phase difference of the river basin scale and the synthetic aperture radar data phase difference of the river reach scale; respectively according to the water level elevation change value of the river basin scale and the water level elevation change value of the river reach scale, combining the absolute water level value in the GNSS observation data to obtain a water level calibration value of the river basin scale and a water level calibration value of the river reach scale; According to the water level calibration value of the river basin scale and the water level calibration value of the river reach scale, the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale is calculated respectively through a hydraulic gradient method.
5. The multi-scale base stream monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein the step of calculating the runoff amounts of the river basin scale and the river reach scale by the hydraulic gradient method according to the water level calibration value of the river basin scale and the water level calibration value of the river reach scale comprises the steps of: Determining the change rate of the water level of the river basin scale along the water flow direction and the change rate of the water level of the river reach scale along the water flow direction in a gradient calculation mode according to the water level calibration value of the river basin scale and the water level calibration value of the river reach scale respectively; and calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale according to the change rate of the river basin scale water level along the water flow direction and the change rate of the river reach scale water level along the water flow direction respectively and by combining a preset water guide coefficient.
6. A multi-scale base flow monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that the step of calculating the runoff of the monitoring site according to the microwave radar data of the scale of the monitoring site by the basic principle of hydraulics comprises: Acquiring frequency change of two echo signals from microwave radar data of a monitoring site scale, and calculating the water flow rate at the monitoring site position based on Doppler effect according to the frequency change; Acquiring the river cross-section area at the position of a monitoring station; and calculating the runoff of the monitoring station according to the water flow rate and the river cross-section area at the position of the monitoring station by using the hydraulic basic principle.
7. The method for multi-scale base flow monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the step of dividing the runoff of each scale to obtain the base flow of each scale comprises the steps of: and separating the low-frequency base flow from the runoff of each scale by adopting a preset filtering parameter through a digital filtering method.
8. A multi-scale base stream monitoring apparatus, the apparatus comprising: The system comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring multi-scale monitoring data and GNSS observation data of a target river basin, wherein the multi-scale monitoring data comprises satellite data of a river basin scale, synthetic aperture radar data of a river reach scale and microwave radar data of a monitoring station scale; the runoff calculation module is used for calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale in a water level inversion mode according to the multi-scale monitoring data and the GNSS observation data, and calculating the runoff of the monitoring station according to a hydraulic basic principle; And the base flow dividing module is used for dividing the runoff of each scale to obtain the base flow of each scale.
9. An electronic device, comprising: A memory and a processor in communication with each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions that, upon execution, perform the multi-scale base stream monitoring method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the multi-scale base stream monitoring method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Multi-scale base stream monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of river monitoring, in particular to a multi-scale base flow monitoring method, a multi-scale base flow monitoring device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. Background The Base Flow (Base Flow) is a stable runoff part formed by groundwater replenishment in a river course, is used as a key parameter for groundwater resource evaluation, river basin water resource management, ecological Flow determination, drought prediction and water pollution control, and has important scientific value for revealing the dynamic change of the river basin groundwater level and water quantity, analyzing the surface water-groundwater interaction process and supporting sustainable utilization of water resources. However, unlike conventional surface water flow monitoring, the base flow belongs to groundwater, is difficult to accurately measure by an experimental mode at present, is influenced by river and topography, hydraulic gradient dynamics, hydrogeological conditions and the like, and uncertainty of the base flow is further increased under the deep influence of climate change and human activity. Meanwhile, due to the complexity and high space-time variability of the base flow, the monitoring of the base flow faces the problems of high data acquisition cost, poor reliability of a single observation means and prominent trans-scale effect, and continuous monitoring and large-scale popularization are difficult to realize. At present, the traditional base flow monitoring station mainly depends on manual sampling and contact measuring instruments such as a weir groove, a flow velocity meter, a water level meter and the like, but has obvious limitations that the base flow monitoring station is easily influenced by sediment accumulation and flood washout, the equipment damage rate is over 30 percent under extreme environments, mountain area stations are scattered, the manual inspection frequency is low, the cost is high, continuous data are difficult to obtain, remote real-time transmission and processing cannot be realized, the real-time requirements of modern hydrologic forecasting and emergency management are difficult to meet, the remote mountain area mains supply and wired network coverage are insufficient, and the equipment power supply and communication face technical bottlenecks. Although the radar or ultrasonic-based remote monitoring instrument can realize non-contact measurement, the equipment cost is high, and the method is widely applied to monitoring sites of large rivers, and has the problems of insufficient precision, namely error exceeding 10 percent, or data delay, namely data delay exceeding 30 minutes and the like. In addition, the base flow has high complex space-time variability, the scale effect is prominent in the monitoring process, and continuous monitoring and large-scale popularization are difficult to realize especially in hilly and mountainous areas. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a multi-scale base flow monitoring method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the problems that the traditional mode is high in limitation, the existing remote monitoring instrument is high in cost and insufficient in precision and timeliness and is difficult to continuously monitor due to the fact that the topography is complex and the like in the base flow monitoring of small waterbasins in hilly and mountainous areas, realizing a non-contact, multi-scale, low-cost and low-complexity base flow monitoring target while guaranteeing the monitoring precision, and improving the base flow monitoring efficiency. The invention provides a multi-scale base flow monitoring method which comprises the steps of obtaining multi-scale monitoring data and GNSS (Global navigation satellite System) observation data of a target river basin, wherein the multi-scale monitoring data comprise satellite data of the river basin scale, synthetic aperture radar data of the river reach scale and microwave radar data of a monitoring station scale, calculating the runoff of the river basin scale and the river reach scale in a water level inversion mode according to the multi-scale monitoring data and the GNSS observation data, calculating the runoff of the monitoring station according to a hydraulic basic principle, and dividing the runoff of each scale to obtain the base flow of each scale. The invention effectively overcomes the defect that the traditional contact measurement is easily damaged by flood rushing and sediment accumulation in hilly and mountainous areas through non-contact multi-source cooperative monitoring, including satellite remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar, microwave radar and the like, and obviously enhances the adaptability and monitoring safety under complex terrain conditions such as remote, narrow and