CN-121682994-B - Multi-energy complementary optimization design method for carbon-negative ecological building

CN121682994BCN 121682994 BCN121682994 BCN 121682994BCN-121682994-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building energy, and discloses a multi-energy complementary optimization design method of a carbon-negative ecological building, which comprises the steps of constructing a time-by-time output characteristic map of a photovoltaic module and a photo-thermal collector on the scale of the building site according to environment monitoring data and building geometric data of a target building site, extracting an output time-to-time correlation mode of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector based on the time-by-time output characteristic map, constructing a space arrangement scheme according to a matching relation between the output time-to-time correlation mode and building energy load requirements and combining with available area constraint of the target building site, evaluating carbon performance indexes of the building according to the space arrangement scheme and the full life cycle carbon emission of the building, and outputting the multi-energy complementary optimization design scheme of the building site.

Inventors

WANG JUN
YU CHANGJUN
Lian Penghang
SUN SHUANG
GU CHAOWEI
LIU XIAODE
WANG LINLIN
LI HAINING
QI HAO
Mu Zhaoyu
JIN HONGLIANG
YU BOTAO
YIN HAO
ZHANG YUNXIN
LI YU
WANG YANAN
YAO YUTING
ZHAO KAI
WANG GUOQIANG
Du Renqing
QI YANG
CHEN FEIXIANG
ZHAO QINGSHUANG
LI MINGKAI

Assignees

中铁建工集团有限公司
中节能(山东)节能环保科技有限公司
中铁建工集团第二建设有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260210

Claims (7)

1. A multi-energy complementary optimization design method for a negative carbon ecological building is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring environment monitoring data and building geometric data of a target building site, wherein the environment monitoring data comprise solar irradiance distribution, environment temperature field distribution and surface reflectivity distribution of the site scale, and the building geometric data comprise space layout coordinates of building groups, surface orientation parameters of building monomers and optical characteristic parameters of building enclosure structures; According to the environment monitoring data and the building geometric data, a time-by-time output characteristic map of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector on the scale of a building site is constructed, wherein the time-by-time output characteristic map comprises the power generation time sequence distribution of the photovoltaic module and the thermal collection power time sequence distribution of the photo-thermal collector; Extracting output space-time correlation modes of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector based on a multi-time-scale evolution rule of the power generation time sequence distribution of the photovoltaic module and the heat collection power time sequence distribution of the photo-thermal collector respectively; According to the matching relation between the output space-time correlation mode and the building energy load demand, constructing a multi-energy complementary optimization model, and designing a space arrangement scheme of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector by combining the available area constraint of a target building site; estimating annual energy output and total life cycle carbon emission of the building according to the spatial arrangement scheme, and estimating the negative carbon performance index of the building based on the annual energy output and the total life cycle carbon emission; the construction process of the time-by-time output characteristic map comprises the following steps: Dividing a building site into space grid cells, and recording the three-dimensional coordinates and the normal vector direction of each space grid cell; according to solar irradiance distribution and building geometric data, obtaining solar direct irradiation receiving quantity and sky scattering irradiation receiving quantity of each space grid unit in a year-by-year mode; obtaining the ground reflection irradiation gain quantity received by each space grid unit and the secondary reflection irradiation gain quantity of the adjacent building surface according to the surface reflectivity distribution and the optical characteristic parameters of the building enclosure structure, and recording the gain quantity as an environment reflection irradiation correction quantity; superposing the direct solar irradiation receiving quantity, the sky scattering irradiation receiving quantity and the environment reflection irradiation correction quantity to obtain the total irradiation receiving quantity of each space grid unit; respectively calculating the time-by-time conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector in each space grid unit according to the total radiation receiving amount and the environmental temperature field distribution; calculating and summarizing the photovoltaic power generation power time sequence distribution and the photo-thermal heat collection power time sequence distribution of each space grid unit based on the time-by-time conversion efficiency and the total irradiation receiving quantity, and obtaining a time-by-time output characteristic map; the extraction process of the output space-time correlation mode comprises the following steps: Decomposing the power generation power time sequence distribution and the heat collection power time sequence distribution into an hour level fluctuation component, a day level fluctuation component and a season level trend component respectively; Analyzing cross-correlation coefficients of hour fluctuation components of the power generation time sequence and the heat collection time sequence in a preset sliding window to obtain an hour output fluctuation correlation curve; Respectively extracting a daily peak value occurrence time and a daily valley value occurrence time in daily level fluctuation components corresponding to the power generation time sequence and the heat collection power time sequence, calculating peak value time offset and valley value time offset of the power generation time sequence and the heat collection power time sequence, and constructing a daily level output peak valley correlation matrix according to corresponding statistical characteristics; The method comprises the steps of respectively obtaining average output ratio values of a photovoltaic module and a photo-thermal collector in different seasons based on seasonal trend components, identifying a seasonal complementary interval and a seasonal competition interval according to a seasonal change rule of the average output ratio value, and marking the seasonal complementary interval and the seasonal competition interval as seasonal output complementary characteristics; Constructing an output space-time correlation mode according to the output fluctuation correlation curve, the output peak-valley correlation matrix and the output complementarity characteristic, wherein the output space-time correlation mode takes a time scale as a dimension and takes a correlation quantization index as an attribute value; The process for constructing the multi-energy complementary optimization model comprises the following steps: Acquiring the annual time-by-time power load demand and the thermal load demand of a target building, and classifying the energy grade of the power load demand and the thermal load demand, wherein the energy grade classification result comprises a high-quality energy demand, a medium-temperature heat demand and a low-temperature heat demand; according to the output fluctuation correlation curve, calculating synchronous fluctuation probability distribution of the photovoltaic power generation power and the photo-thermal heat collection power, and recording the synchronous fluctuation probability distribution as output synergy; according to the output coordination degree, a coordination constraint condition of the corresponding configuration capacity of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector is designed; And constructing a cooperative objective function for gradient utilization of the energy grade according to the energy grade classification result and the time-by-time output characteristic spectrum, and constructing a multi-energy complementary optimization model by combining a cooperative constraint condition, wherein the optimization variables of the multi-energy complementary optimization model are the total installation capacity of the photovoltaic module, the total installation capacity of the photo-thermal collector and the configuration capacity of the energy storage system.
2. The method for the multi-energy complementary optimal design of the carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the design process of the space arrangement scheme comprises the following steps: Respectively obtaining the total installation capacity target value of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector according to the optimization result of the multi-energy complementary optimization model; performing energy potential evaluation on each space grid unit, and sequencing each space grid unit based on an energy potential evaluation result to form a space grid unit priority sequence; calculating the energy output benefit ratio of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector in the corresponding space grid units according to the power generation time sequence and the heat collection time sequence of each space grid unit in the time-by-time output characteristic map; And optimizing the installation inclination angle and the installation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic modules or the photo-thermal collectors distributed in the space grid units according to the building surface orientation parameters and the total irradiation receiving quantity to obtain a space arrangement scheme.
3. The method for multi-energy complementary optimal design of a carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the process of evaluating the carbon-negative performance index of the building comprises: calculating annual energy generation capacity of the photovoltaic module and annual heat collection capacity of the photo-thermal heat collector according to a spatial arrangement scheme; Converting the annual energy production and the annual heat collection into electric carbon emission reduction and thermal carbon emission reduction respectively, and calculating the annual carbon offset based on the electric carbon emission and the thermal carbon emission; accumulating annual carbon offset amount year by year, and comparing the annual carbon offset amount with the total life cycle carbon emission amount; when the annual accumulated result is greater than the full life cycle carbon emission for the first time, the accumulated years are recorded and taken as carbon balance achievement time.
4. The method for the multi-energy complementary optimal design of the carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the process for obtaining the direct solar radiation receiving quantity comprises the following steps: Establishing a solar position calculation model, and calculating a solar altitude angle and a solar azimuth angle from time to time year by combining with the space layout coordinates of the building group; Taking the central point of the space grid unit as a starting point, carrying out ray tracing along the opposite direction of the incident direction vector, and judging whether the rays generate intersection points with the adjacent building surfaces; if the intersection point exists, the space grid unit is judged to be in a shielding state at the corresponding moment, the direct solar radiation receiving quantity is recorded as zero, if the intersection point does not exist, the space grid unit is judged to be in a non-shielding state at the corresponding moment, and the direct solar radiation receiving quantity at the corresponding moment is calculated according to the solar irradiance distribution, the incident direction vector and the normal vector direction of the corresponding space grid unit.
5. The method for constructing the multi-energy complementary optimal design of the carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: segmenting the power generation power time sequence distribution and the heat collection power time sequence distribution according to natural days to obtain photovoltaic day power generation power curves and photo-thermal day heat collection power curves of all natural days; respectively extracting peak points and valley points of a photovoltaic solar power generation power curve and a photo-thermal solar heat collection power curve, and recording corresponding moments of the peak points and the valley points as daily peak moments and daily valley moments; The method comprises the steps of obtaining a time difference value of peak time corresponding to a photovoltaic module and a photo-thermal collector, marking the time difference value as daily peak time offset, synchronously obtaining a time difference value of valley time corresponding to the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector, marking the time difference value as daily valley time offset; And carrying out statistical analysis on the daily peak time offset and the daily valley time offset of the whole year, and constructing a daily output peak valley correlation matrix according to the statistical analysis result.
6. The method for multi-energy complementary optimization design of the carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the construction process of the collaborative objective function for energy grade cascade utilization comprises the following steps: comparing the generated power time sequence distribution with the power load demand of the target building time by time to obtain supply and demand deviation, and calculating the direct matching degree based on the supply and demand deviation; The method comprises the steps of carrying out optimization sub-problem construction based on heat collection power time sequence distribution and thermodynamic load demands, taking a weighted Yong utilization rate of maximized photo-thermal heat collection power as an optimization target, solving the optimization sub-problem to obtain a distribution ratio of the middle-temperature heat demand to the low-temperature heat demand, and respectively calculating a priority supply rate and a degradation utilization rate corresponding to the middle-temperature heat demand and the low-temperature heat demand based on the distribution ratio, wherein the priority supply rate is defined as a ratio of the supply quantity of the photo-thermal heat collection power to the middle-temperature heat demand to the total quantity of the photo-thermal heat collection power, and the degradation utilization rate is defined as a ratio of the photo-thermal heat collection power to the supply quantity of the low-temperature heat demand to the total quantity of the photo-thermal heat collection power; Furthermore, the energy grade gradient utilization cooperative objective function is built by taking the maximum priority supply rate, the maximum direct matching degree and the minimum degradation utilization rate as optimization targets.
7. The method for the multi-energy complementary optimal design of the carbon-negative ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining process of the multi-energy complementary optimal design scheme comprises the following steps: Calculating a comprehensive evaluation index of the carbon negative performance according to the carbon balance achievement time and the annual carbon offset; setting a negative carbon performance qualification threshold, judging that the design scheme meets the negative carbon target requirement when the negative carbon performance comprehensive evaluation index is not smaller than the negative carbon performance qualification threshold, and generating and outputting a complete multi-energy complementary optimization design scheme.

Description

Multi-energy complementary optimization design method for carbon-negative ecological building Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of building energy, in particular to a multi-energy complementary optimization design method of a carbon-negative ecological building. Background In the practical engineering application of the carbon-negative ecological building, the complex space-time coupling characteristic between the photovoltaic power generation and the photo-thermal heat collection system presents multi-scale nonlinear behavior along with the change of climate conditions and load demands, and is a key bottleneck for restricting the overall optimization effect of the multi-energy complementary system. In the prior art, a static capacity proportioning or single time scale analysis method is generally adopted, and significant differences of output correlation of a photovoltaic system and a photo-thermal system under different seasons, periods and meteorological conditions are ignored, so that an optimization strategy is invalid under a complex operation condition. Particularly, in the scenes of high-precision carbon-negative-required demonstration buildings, large-scale public buildings, park projects and the like, when the system faces frequent load fluctuation and meteorological change, capacity configuration parameters calibrated based on a single optimization target cannot adapt to dynamic supply and demand matching characteristic changes, so that energy waste, insufficient supply and even unbalance of the system are caused. The traditional experience proportioning and item optimizing method can not capture the internal correlation between the synergistic effect of the multi-energy systems and the building load and environmental parameters, and the energy utilization efficiency is seriously deteriorated under the alternating meteorological conditions and the composite load demands. Meanwhile, due to the lack of a dynamic prediction model of multi-time scale output characteristics and load matching degree, the system cannot predict and optimize energy supply and demand unbalance in the process of season transition and extreme weather in advance, so that in high-dynamic-requirement occasions such as intelligent buildings and green parks, a multi-energy complementary system shows obvious energy supply fluctuation and matching degree reduction. In addition, the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the coupling optimization of building space constraint and energy grade cascade utilization, particularly under complex building geometric conditions, the overall benefit is drastically reduced due to multi-objective conflict generated by interaction of space allocation and energy quality optimization, and the optimization strategy with single dimension cannot simultaneously cope with different requirements of capacity maximization and grade matching optimization under space limitation conditions, so that the investment economy and long-term environmental benefit are difficult to be considered by the system. In view of the above, the present invention proposes a multi-energy complementary optimization design method for a carbon-negative ecological building to solve the above-mentioned problems. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme for achieving the purposes: A multi-energy complementary optimization design method for a negative carbon ecological building comprises the following steps: Acquiring environment monitoring data and building geometric data of a target building site, wherein the environment monitoring data comprise solar irradiance distribution, environment temperature field distribution and surface reflectivity distribution of the site scale, and the building geometric data comprise space layout coordinates of building groups, surface orientation parameters of building monomers and optical characteristic parameters of building enclosure structures; According to the environment monitoring data and the building geometric data, a time-by-time output characteristic map of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector on the scale of a building site is constructed, wherein the time-by-time output characteristic map comprises the power generation time sequence distribution of the photovoltaic module and the thermal collection power time sequence distribution of the photo-thermal collector; Extracting output space-time correlation modes of the photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal collector based on a multi-time-scale evolution rule of the power generation time sequence distribution of the photovoltaic module and the heat collection power time sequence distribution of the photo-thermal collector respectively; According to the matching relation between the output space-time correlation mode and the building energy load demand, constructing a multi-energy complementary optimizati