CN-121699234-B - Hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, relates to an oil-water separation material, and in particular relates to a hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof. Uniformly mixing a nanocellulose suspension with a graphene solution to prepare a nanocellulose/graphene dispersion, adding poly-1, 4-butanediol bis (4-aminobenzoate) and maleimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate into the nanocellulose/graphene dispersion, self-foaming to form nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel, and forming a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel by adopting silane through chemical vapor deposition treatment to obtain the modified nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel. The aerogel provided by the invention has good oil-water separation performance, and meanwhile, the unique internal structure of the aerogel is combined with excellent mechanical stability, so that not only can a simple oil-water mixture be effectively separated, but also complex emulsification systems such as water-in-oil, oil-in-water and the like can be dealt with, and the multifunctional oil-water separation is realized.

Inventors

• CHEN JIACHUAN
• FAN JIAMING
• LIU KEFENG
• YANG GUIHUA

Assignees

• 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260211

Claims (9)

1. 1. The preparation method of the hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: uniformly mixing the nanocellulose suspension with the graphene solution to prepare nanocellulose/graphene dispersion; adding poly 1, 4-butanediol bis (4-aminobenzoate) and maleimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate into the nanocellulose/graphene dispersion liquid, and self-foaming to form nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel; Silane is adopted to form a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel through chemical vapor deposition treatment, so that the nano cellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel is obtained; the concentration of the nanocellulose suspension is 0.1-2wt%, the concentration of the graphene solution is 0.1-0.5 wt%, and the mass ratio of the nanocellulose suspension to the graphene solution is 2.7-3.3:0.9-1.1.
2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanocellulose in the nanocellulose suspension is wheat straw based nanocellulose.
3. 3. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the nanocellulose suspension is mixed with the graphene solution, and the nanocellulose/graphene dispersion is obtained by ultrasonic and stirring mixing uniformly.
4. 4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of poly (1, 4-butanediol bis (4-aminobenzoate), maleimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, nanocellulose suspension and graphene solution is 7:2.7-3.3:2.7-3.3:0.9-1.1.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the poly-1, 4-butanediol bis (4-aminobenzoate) is added to the nanocellulose/graphene dispersion, stirred for a predetermined period of time, and then maleimide-modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate is added thereto, stirred, poured into a mold, and allowed to stand for self-foaming.
6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chemical vapor deposition treatment is performed at a temperature of 70 to 90 ℃ for a time of 5.5 to 6.5 hours.
7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the silane is methyltrimethoxysilane, dichlorosilane, or monomethylsilane.
8. 8. A hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel characterized by being obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. 9. Use of the hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel of claim 8 in oil-water separation.

Description

Hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, relates to an oil-water separation material, and in particular relates to a hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. With the acceleration of global industrialization, oil exploitation, transportation and use are increasingly frequent, and oil spill accidents caused by the oil spill accidents form a serious threat to the marine and land ecological environment. The method has the advantages of effectively treating greasy dirt pollution, protecting aquatic ecosystems and public health, and becoming an environmental problem to be solved urgently. The polyurea aerogel is used as a high-performance organic aerogel, is prepared through the addition reaction of isocyanate and amino compound and a spontaneous foaming process, and has the advantages of high porosity, low thermal conductivity, hydrophobicity, low degassing property and the like. However, pure polyurea aerogels have the disadvantages of limited mechanical strength and the like, which limit the application of the pure polyurea aerogels in complex environments. Therefore, the development of the composite aerogel with good mechanical property, hydrophobic and oleophylic properties and additional functions (such as photo-thermal effect) has important significance for efficient oil-water separation. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel, and the preparation method and application thereof; meanwhile, the unique internal structure of the oil-water separator is combined with excellent mechanical stability, so that not only can a simple oil-water mixture be effectively separated, but also complex emulsification systems such as water-in-oil, oil-in-water and the like can be dealt with, and the multifunctional oil-water separation can be realized. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a method for preparing a hydrophobic nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the nanocellulose suspension with the graphene solution to prepare nanocellulose/graphene dispersion; Adding poly (1, 4-butanediol bis (4-aminobenzoate) (PBBA) and maleimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate (CDMDI) into the nanocellulose/graphene dispersion liquid, and self-foaming to form nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel; And (3) forming a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the nanocellulose/graphene/polyurea aerogel by adopting silane through chemical vapor deposition treatment. The poly-1, 4-butanediol chains in PBBA are incorporated into the polymer backbone as "flexible spacer arms" or "soft segments". When the material is stressed, the flexible chain segments can dissipate energy through rotation and stretching, so that the flexibility and the impact resistance of the aerogel are remarkably improved, and the brittleness is reduced. The aerogel can better recover the deformability while maintaining certain strength. In the conventional polyurea aerogel, the reaction of-NCO and-NH 2 and the reaction of-NCO and H 2 O are almost carried out simultaneously and are extremely fast, the reaction process is difficult to control, and bubble unevenness, structural collapse or cracking are easily caused. The carbon-carbon double bond (c=c) of CDMDI maleimide is less reactive with amines than-NCO groups at normal temperature. In the initial mixing stage, mainly-NCO on CDMDI reacts rapidly with-NH 2 on PBBA to form a polyurea network gel. Meanwhile, when-NCO reacts with-NH 2, reaction heat is generated to trigger C=C on maleimide to react with the residual-NH 2 in the system, additional and mild post-crosslinking and curing are carried out, the network is further enhanced, and finally, water is controllably introduced to react with the residual small amount of-NCO. The mechanical strength of the polyurea aerogel is increased by adding the nanocellulose, the photo-thermal conversion performance of the aerogel is achieved by adding the graphene, and finally the surface energy of the polyurea aerogel is reduced by performing hydrophobic modification on the aerogel through chemical vapor deposition by adopting silane, so that the polyurea aerogel has high oil-water separation performance. In addition, the research shows that in the material system prepared by the invention, the addition of the graphene no