CN-121715255-B - Method for recovering valuable elements through collaborative floatation of side slag and bottom slag

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of valuable metal recovery, and in particular relates to a method for recovering valuable elements by synergic flotation of side slag and bottom slag, which comprises the following steps of S1, mixing copper smelting side slag with copper smelting bottom slag to obtain mixed slag; S2, carrying out primary grinding on the mixed slag to obtain first ore pulp, S3, carrying out primary flotation operation on the first ore pulp to obtain first concentrate and first tailings, S4, carrying out secondary grinding on the first tailings to obtain second ore pulp, S5, carrying out secondary flotation operation on the second ore pulp to obtain second concentrate and final tailings, and S6, merging the first concentrate and the second concentrate, and carrying out concentration operation to obtain final copper concentrate. The invention mixes the high-silicon easy-to-mud side slag with the high-density easy-to-settle bottom slag, obviously reduces the overall viscosity and density of the mixed ore pulp, improves the rheological property and creates a superior flotation physical environment.

Inventors

• ZHANG JUNFENG
• PAN YUXI
• WANG LEI
• WANG YUAN
• CHU CHANGQING
• LI CHENGLIN
• WANG HONGLEI
• ZHANG GUINAN
• SHAN MINGLEI

Assignees

• 山东恒邦冶炼股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260225

Claims (9)

1. 1. The method for recovering valuable elements by the collaborative floatation of the side slag and the bottom slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, mixing copper smelting side slag with copper smelting bottom slag to obtain mixed slag; S2, carrying out primary grinding on the mixed slag to obtain first ore pulp; S3, performing first flotation operation on the first ore pulp, and adding a pH regulator, a first activator, a first collector and a first foaming agent to obtain first concentrate and first tailings; S4, carrying out secondary grinding on the first tailings to obtain second ore pulp; s5, performing a second flotation operation on the second ore pulp, and adding a second activating agent, a second collecting agent and a second foaming agent to obtain second concentrate and final tailings; S6, combining the first concentrate with the second concentrate, and carrying out concentration operation to obtain final copper concentrate; In the step S1, the mixing ratio of the copper smelting side slag and the copper smelting bottom slag is controlled to be 0.65-0.75 by mass percent according to the mass percent of SiO 2 and Fe of the mixed slag.
2. 2. The method for recycling valuable elements through collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step S1, the copper smelting side slag comprises the following components, by mass, 0.5% -1.0% of Cu, 35% -38% of Fe, 30% -34% of SiO 2 and 1.5% -2.5% of MgO.
3. 3. The method for recycling valuable elements through collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step S1, the copper smelting bottom slag comprises the following components, by mass, 3% -4% of Cu, 40% -44% of Fe, 2 % -24% of SiO, and less than or equal to 0.01% of MgO.
4. 4. The method for recovering valuable elements by collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, after the first stage of grinding, the proportion of particles with the fineness of-0.074 mm is controlled to be 50% -70%.
5. 5. The method for recycling valuable elements through collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step S3, conditions of first flotation operation comprise that the concentration of ore pulp is 33% -37%, the pH value is 9-10, the pH regulator is lime, the activating agent is sodium sulfide, the adding amount of the activating agent is 300-500 g/t mixed slag, the first collecting agent is a mixture of isobutyl xanthate and amyl xanthate, the mass ratio of the isobutyl xanthate to the amyl xanthate is 1:1-2, the total adding amount of the isobutyl xanthate and the amyl xanthate is 200-300 g/t mixed slag, the first foaming agent is loose oil, and the adding amount of the first foaming agent is 20-60 g/t mixed slag.
6. 6. The method for recovering valuable elements by collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, after the two-stage grinding, the proportion of particles with the grinding fineness of-0.074 mm is 85% -90%.
7. 7. The method for recycling valuable elements through collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step S5, conditions of second flotation operation comprise that ore pulp concentration is 30% -35%, pH value is 9-10, the second activating agent is sodium sulfide, the adding amount of the second activating agent is 50-100 g/t mixed slag, the second collecting agent is a mixture of isobutyl xanthate and amyl xanthate, the mass ratio of the isobutyl xanthate to the amyl xanthate is 1:1-2, the total adding amount of the second activating agent is 50-100 g/t mixed slag, the second foaming agent is pine oil, and the adding amount of the second foaming agent is 5-20 g/t mixed slag.
8. 8. The method for recovering valuable elements by collaborative flotation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a step of magnetically separating middlings or tailings produced by the second flotation operation in step S5 to obtain magnetic separated tailings and iron concentrate, wherein the magnetic separated tailings are the final tailings.
9. 9. The method for recovering valuable elements by collaborative floatation of side slag and bottom slag according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the tailings from the beneficiation operation are returned to the primary grinding process of step S2.

Description

Method for recovering valuable elements through collaborative floatation of side slag and bottom slag Technical Field The invention relates to a method for recovering valuable elements by synergic flotation of side slag and bottom slag, and belongs to the technical field of valuable metal recovery. Background In the pyrometallurgical process of copper, core smelting equipment (such as a side-blown molten pool smelting furnace, a bottom-blown oxygen-enriched smelting furnace and the like) inevitably produces a large amount of smelting slag with different components and physicochemical properties while efficiently producing intermediate products of matte. These slags are solid products formed by slow cooling or water quenching of the molten oxide mixture. According to the different production furnace types, smelting slag produced by a side-blown furnace is generally called side slag in the industry, and bottom slag is produced by a bottom-blown furnace. Although discharged as waste residues, valuable metals such as copper, gold, silver and the like with non-negligible grade are still added in the chemical components, so that the waste residues become secondary resources with remarkable economic recovery value. The side slag and the bottom slag have significant differences in chemical composition, mineral composition and physical properties. The side slag generally exhibits high silicon and low iron characteristics, and has a small Fe/SiO 2 ratio. After slow cooling, the main phase is vitreous silicate and dispersed copper matte particles or metallic copper beads. Copper exists mainly in the form of oxide or dissolves in silicate glass phase due to higher oxygen potential of melt, and independent copper sulfide minerals are less. High SiO 2 content results in a slag with a high viscosity and poor flowability. The cooled side slag structure is brittle and hard, is extremely easy to be crushed in the grinding process, generates a large amount of fine-particle-grade mineral mud, and has extremely large specific surface area and surface activity. The bottom slag is usually characterized by high iron and low silicon, and has large Fe/SiO 2 ratio, high compactness and hardness, but relatively good toughness. The slag has extremely high oxygen potential and extremely low sulfur content, and the main crystal phase is a skeleton structure formed by fayalite and magnetite. The state of occurrence of valuable metals, especially copper, is extremely complex in that a small amount of extremely fine matte or metallic copper particles are packed inside or between the grain boundaries of fayalite crystals, and a considerable portion of copper is solid-dissolved in ionic form in the fayalite lattice or exists in the silicate glass phase. At present, the independent floatation of the side slag has the problems of high pulp viscosity, serious interference of fine mineral mud, large medicament consumption and the like, and the independent treatment of the bottom slag faces the bottleneck that the grinding energy consumption is high, the copper occurrence state is complex, the recovery rate is difficult to promote and the like. The waste slag can be treated by simply mixing the waste slag and directly returning the mixture to a smelting system, but the heat load and the energy consumption of a smelting process can be increased. Therefore, how to realize economic and efficient comprehensive recovery of slag with obvious difference of the two characteristics is a key problem to be solved in the current industry. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of poor pulp property, high grinding energy consumption, low recovery rate of valuable metals, poor economic benefit and the like in the prior art when the side slag and the bottom slag are subjected to independent flotation, the invention provides a method for recovering valuable elements by the side slag and the bottom slag through collaborative flotation. The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for recovering valuable elements by collaborative floatation of side slag and bottom slag comprises the following steps: S1, mixing copper smelting side slag with copper smelting bottom slag to obtain mixed slag; S2, carrying out primary grinding on the mixed slag to obtain first ore pulp; S3, performing first flotation operation on the first ore pulp, and adding a pH regulator, a first activator, a first collector and a first foaming agent to obtain first concentrate and first tailings; S4, carrying out secondary grinding on the first tailings to obtain second ore pulp; s5, performing a second flotation operation on the second ore pulp, and adding a second activating agent, a second collecting agent and a second foaming agent to obtain second concentrate and final tailings; and S6, combining the first concentrate and the second concentrate, and carrying out concentration operation to obtain the final copper concentrate. Based on the technical sch