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CN-121720719-B - Bearing accelerated life test method of rotating system

CN121720719BCN 121720719 BCN121720719 BCN 121720719BCN-121720719-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of testing, in particular to a bearing accelerated life test method of a rotating system, which comprises the following steps of clamping and fixing the rotating system to be tested on a rotating table of a rotating table, wherein the rotating system comprises a machine base and a rotor, the machine base is fixed with the rotating table of the rotating table, the rotor is supported on the machine base through at least two bearings which are arranged at intervals, the rotation axis of the rotor is intersected with or staggered with the extending direction of the rotation axis of the rotating table, the load is applied, the rotating table is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the rotating table, the rotor is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the rotating table, so that the rotor generates gyroscopic moment, the bearing for supporting the rotor obtains additional radial load by utilizing the gyroscopic moment to improve the equivalent dynamic load of the bearing, test operation and life judgment are carried out, the rotating table and the rotor are operated, and the test is terminated when failure judgment indexes meet failure judgment reference, and the service life of the bearing is determined according to accumulated operation revolution, time or mileage of the bearing during the test.

Inventors

  • ZHOU XIAODONG
  • YOU YUHAO
  • SU MIN
  • LI YAN
  • LEI ZILI
  • XIAO QIANMING

Assignees

  • 成都奇航电子股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260211

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The accelerated life test method for the bearing of the rotating system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Clamping and fixing, namely clamping a rotary system (100) to be tested on a rotary table (210) of a rotary table (200), wherein the rotary system (100) comprises a base (110) and a rotor (111), the base (110) is fixed with the rotary table (210) of the rotary table (200), the rotor (111) is supported on the base (110) through at least two bearings which are arranged at intervals, and the rotation axis of the rotor (111) is intersected with or staggered with the extending direction of the rotation axis of the rotary table (200); The load is applied, the turntable (200) is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the turntable, and meanwhile the rotor (111) is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the turntable, so that gyroscopic moment is generated by the rotor (111), and the bearing for supporting the rotor (111) obtains additional radial load by utilizing the gyroscopic moment so as to improve equivalent dynamic load of the bearing; test operation and life judgment, operating the rotary table (200) and the rotor (111), terminating the test when the failure judgment index meets the failure judgment standard, and determining the life of the bearing according to the accumulated operation revolution number, time or mileage of the bearing during the test; before the accelerated life test is started, the method further comprises a rotational speed matching process, and specifically comprises the following steps: Based on the known maximum equivalent dynamic load of the bearing, the maximum radial load is reversely pushed, the maximum allowable gyroscopic moment is deduced through the maximum radial load, the constraint relation which needs to be met by the rotating speed of the turntable (200) and the rotating speed of the rotor (111) is finally determined, the rotating speed of the turntable (200) does not exceed the limit rotating speed of the turntable (200), the rotating speed of the rotor (111) does not exceed the limit rotating speed of the rotor (111), and the gyroscopic moment is calculated based on the vector cross relation of the rotating inertia of the rotor (111), the rotating speed of the turntable (200) and the rotating speed of the rotor (111) and is smaller than or equal to the maximum allowable gyroscopic moment.
  2. 2. The method for testing the accelerated life of a bearing of a rotating system according to claim 1, wherein the rotating system (100) obtains electric energy through an electric slip ring assembly arranged on a turntable (200), and the rotating system (100) has one of the following structural types: (1) The rotating system (100) is a fan or a motor, and a rotor of the fan or the motor is used as a rotor of the rotating system; (2) The rotary system (100) comprises an electric motor for driving the rotor in rotation, the output end of the electric motor being in driving connection with the rotor.
  3. 3. The method for testing the accelerated life of a bearing of a rotating system according to claim 1, wherein the rotation axis of the rotor (111) is perpendicular to and intersects with the rotation center line of a turntable (210) of a turntable (200), or a flywheel disc is fixedly connected to the rotor (111).
  4. 4. The method for testing the accelerated life of a bearing of a rotating system according to claim 1, wherein the failure determination index comprises at least one of a mechanical performance index, a thermal performance index, an oil performance index and an acoustic performance index, and wherein the failure determination index is configured to be a test termination condition when any one of the indexes meets a failure determination criterion; Wherein the mechanical performance index comprises at least one of vibration signal parameters, rotation resistance moment, bearing fatigue characteristic frequency, bearing clearance and axial running quantity; The thermal performance index comprises at least one of temperature difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, temperature of the bearing and temperature rise rate; the oil performance index comprises at least one of metal element content in lubricating oil, lubricating oil viscosity, lubricating oil acid value and fatigue peeling particles; the acoustic performance index includes at least one of sound pressure level, noise spectrum, abnormal sound.
  5. 5. The method for testing the accelerated life of a bearing of a rotating system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a vibration sensor is fixed on the rotating system (100) and is used for collecting a vibration original signal during an acceleration test, converting the collected original signal into a speed time domain signal, and finally performing root mean square operation on the speed time domain signal to obtain a final vibration speed root mean square (VRMS) parameter, wherein the vibration speed root mean square (VRMS) parameter is used as a failure judgment index, and the failure judgment index is determined according to a bearing factory technical parameter, a national standard, an industry standard or an initial stable state of the test.
  6. 6. The method for testing the accelerated life of a bearing of a rotating system according to claim 1, further comprising a maximum load verification matching procedure before starting the accelerated life test, specifically comprising: Calculating equivalent dynamic load, namely selecting at least one group of combination of rotating speed of the turntable (200) to be verified and rotating speed of the rotor (111) according to the rotating speed constraint relation determined in the step (1), and calculating the equivalent dynamic load of the bearing under the combination; The verification judgment comprises the steps of comparing the calculated equivalent dynamic load with a preset verification reference value, determining the verification reference value by the bearing maximum tolerance load or the preset maximum equivalent dynamic load, judging that verification passes if the equivalent dynamic load does not exceed the verification reference value, starting an accelerated life test, and returning to readjust the rotation speed constraint or selecting a new rotation speed combination if the equivalent dynamic load exceeds the verification reference value, and executing circularly until the verification passes.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step (2) of calculating the equivalent dynamic load comprises: Extracting the rotational inertia Jz of a rotor (111), the bearing distance L of two ends of a rotary machine, the included angle theta between the axis of the rotor (111) and the rotation axis of a turntable (200), the rotation speed omega of the turntable (200) to be verified and the rotation speed omega of the rotor (111), and simultaneously obtaining the initial radial load Fr0 and the axial load Fa of the bearing; Calculating a gyro moment M 0 based on a rigid body rotation dynamics principle through a formula M 0 = Jz- (omega x omega), wherein omega and omega are vector cross multiplication relations, and theta is an included angle between two axes; The additional radial load deducing is to calculate the additional radial load DeltaFr according to the formula DeltaFr=M 0 /L based on the force arm balance principle, and the DeltaFr is more than or equal to 0 to be checked; Calculating the total radial load Fr of the bearing by the formula Fr=Fr0+DeltaFr; the load coefficient is determined by inquiring a standard coefficient table of the rolling bearing according to the bearing type and determining a radial load coefficient X and an axial load coefficient Y according to the ratio Fa/Fr of Fa and Fr; equivalent dynamic load solving, namely calculating the equivalent dynamic load P of the bearing to be verified through the formula P=X×Fr+Y×Fa.
  8. 8. The method for accelerated life test of a bearing of a rotary system according to claim 1, wherein, The turntable (200) comprises a frame (220), a servo motor (221), a speed reducer (222), a rotation mechanism (223) and a turntable (210); The rack (220) is used for fixing a servo motor (221), a speed reducer (222) and a slewing mechanism (223); the servo motor (221) is in transmission connection with the speed reducer (222), a pinion fixedly mounted at the output end of the speed reducer (222) is meshed with a gear ring of the rotary mechanism (223), the rotary table (210) is fixedly connected with the rotary mechanism (223), and a clamping groove for clamping the rotary system (100) is formed in the table top of the rotary table (210); the system also comprises a state acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the state acquisition module comprises a vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is connected with a base of the rotating system and is used for acquiring a vibration signal of the rotating system; The data processing module is connected with the state acquisition module and is used for receiving and processing the vibration signals and outputting state evaluation results or control parameters; The control module is connected with the data processing module and is used for generating a control instruction according to the state evaluation result or the control parameter so as to adjust the running state of the rotating system; the control module comprises a PLC and a servo driver, wherein the PLC is in signal connection with the servo driver, and the servo driver is electrically connected with a servo motor (221).
  9. 9. The accelerated life test method of bearings of a rotating system according to claim 1, wherein the rotating table (210) is provided with at least two clamping structures (300) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis of the rotating table, the clamping structures (300) comprise a bottom plate (310), connecting bolts (320) are arranged on the bottom plate (310) in a penetrating mode, the heads of the connecting bolts (320) are matched with T-shaped grooves of the table top of the rotating table (210) in an adapting mode, nuts (330) are screwed on the connecting bolts (320) and compress and fix the bottom plate (310) on the rotating table (210), the bottom plate (310) is provided with mounting walls (340) protruding from the upper surface of the bottom plate (310), through holes are formed in the mounting walls (340), and fastening bolts used for being connected with a machine base are arranged in the through holes in a penetrating mode.

Description

Bearing accelerated life test method of rotating system Technical Field The invention relates to the field of testing, in particular to a bearing accelerated life test method of a rotating system. Background The rotary mechanical bearing is a core supporting component of various power transmission systems, the service life of the rotary mechanical bearing is directly related to the running reliability, safety and running maintenance economy of the whole equipment, and particularly in the high-end equipment fields of aerospace, rail transit, wind power generation and the like, the long service life and high reliability of the bearing are very severely required. However, in the processes of bearing research and development verification, product quality detection and engineering model selection, if the real machine natural life test is adopted to obtain the bearing life data, the time of several months or even years is often required, the iteration rhythm and mass production delivery schedule of the product research and development are seriously delayed, the test cost is high due to long-term occupation of real machine equipment, site resources and continuous consumption of energy, and the performance verification requirement of the market on the bearing product is difficult to respond quickly. The basic life-span method is a fast and easy-to-use method that can be calculated manually with little input, such as load and speed. The disadvantage of this method is that it relies on several simplifying assumptions that the bearing ring is considered rigid, that the clearance or preload is considered zero, that no bending moment load, that no misalignment caused by deformation of the shaft and the housing, and that no consideration is given to the effects of lubricant viscosity and cleanliness. In order to solve the problems, the accelerated life test technology has the core logic that by applying reasonable load in a laboratory controllable environment, the bearing is caused to present fatigue failure characteristics consistent with those in the actual service process in a short time, and the service life of the bearing is rapidly quantized based on test data. The existing accelerated life test mode has the defects that the increased load has high requirement on the accuracy of the position of the load action, the test accuracy is easy to be reduced, and the method is not suitable for the load application of a small-sized rotating device (such as a small-sized impeller and a fan). In addition, the service life of the actual bearing is closely related to the final assembly quality of the bearing, and the prior art cannot accurately measure the service life of the bearing of the assembled finished product (such as a motor and a fan) in the actual assembly state. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bearing accelerated life test method of a rotating system, which solves the problems of load verification, life target disjoint, poor working condition suitability and low test accuracy in the prior art, can realize the accurate test of the actual life of a bearing in an assembled finished product, improves test accuracy and reliability, and provides accurate support for the reliability evaluation of finished product equipment. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows, the accelerated life test method of the bearing of the rotating system comprises the following steps: the rotary system to be tested is clamped on a rotary table of the rotary table, and comprises a base and a rotor, wherein the base is fixed with the rotary table of the rotary table, the rotor is supported on the base through at least two bearings which are arranged at intervals, and the rotation axis of the rotor is intersected with or staggered with the extending direction of the rotation axis of the rotary table; The load is applied, the turntable is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the turntable, and meanwhile, the rotor is driven to rotate around the rotation axis of the turntable, so that the rotor generates gyroscopic moment, and the bearing for supporting the rotor obtains additional radial load by utilizing the gyroscopic moment so as to improve equivalent dynamic load of the bearing; And judging test operation and service life, operating the turntable and the rotor, terminating the test when the failure judgment index meets the failure judgment standard, and determining the service life of the bearing according to the accumulated operation revolution number, time or mileage of the bearing during the test. The rotating system obtains electric energy through an electric slip ring assembly arranged on the turntable, and the rotating system has one of the following structural types: the rotating system is a fan or a motor, and a rotor of the fan or the motor is used as a rotor of the rotating system; the rotating system comprises a moto