CN-121733905-B - Layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nanoscale particles

CN121733905BCN 121733905 BCN121733905 BCN 121733905BCN-121733905-B

Abstract

The invention provides a layered structure based on nano-scale particle electrostatic filtration, and relates to the technical field of electrostatic filtration. The layered structure is characterized in that two poles of a power supply assembly are respectively connected with an electrostatic adsorption layer and a flexible electrode layer, an insulating layer is arranged between the electrostatic adsorption layer and the flexible electrode layer, a gap-micropore two-stage porous structure of the electrostatic adsorption layer and a high-density electrostatic micro-node are matched, uniform polarization of the electrostatic adsorption layer is achieved through a voltage focusing technology, adsorption dead areas are avoided, efficient and durable filtration of 0.075-100nm nano particles is achieved, the mask prepared by the layered structure has high-efficiency filtration and long-time wearing comfort, the technical contradiction that the existing mask is high in efficiency and must be high in resistance is remarkably improved, and long-time industrial operation is adapted.

Inventors

HU JUAN
LU CHAO
CHEN QIANWEI
XIE YAYA
WANG HUI

Assignees

安徽理工大学
安徽理工大学第一附属医院(淮南市第一人民医院)
连云港市第二人民医院(连云港市临床肿瘤研究所)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260228

Claims (5)

1. The layered structure based on nano-level particle electrostatic filtration is characterized by sequentially comprising an antistatic protective layer, an electrostatic adsorption layer, an insulating layer, a flexible electrode layer, a skin-friendly waterproof layer and a power supply assembly from outside to inside; The two poles of the power supply assembly are respectively connected with the electrostatic adsorption layer and the flexible electrode layer; The antistatic protective layer, the electrostatic adsorption layer, the insulating layer, the flexible electrode layer and the skin-friendly waterproof layer are prepared by an in-situ polymerization and vacuum filtration integrated molding process, and no layering gap exists; The static adsorption layer adopts a reduced graphene oxide/nitrogen doped graphene quantum dot composite porous membrane, wherein the reduced graphene oxide forms a three-dimensional communication framework with a staggered network lamellar structure, the reduction degree is 70-80%, and partial hydroxyl and epoxy oxygen-containing functional groups are reserved; the antistatic protection layer is a customized waterproof insulation type PVDF composite coating, and is synergistically modified by adding 0.5% of nano silicon dioxide and 1% of fluorocarbon waterproof agent, and micro-salient points are arranged on the surface of the antistatic protection layer; The insulating layer adopts a waterproof PI film or an electrostatic spinning PLA film, the thickness is 1-2 mu m, the microporosity is more than or equal to 70%, and the electrostatic adsorption layer and the flexible electrode layer are tightly attached; the middle area of the flexible electrode layer is designed in a dot-shaped or grid-shaped intermittent distribution mode, the material is a graphene-coated PI film or a carbon nano tube-coated PI film, the thickness is 1-1.2 mu m, and a continuous conductive area with the width of 5-8mm is reserved at the edge; the skin-friendly waterproof layer is a waterproof pure cotton blended composite film, is modified by adding 0.8% of organosilicon waterproof agent, has a thickness of 2-3 mu m, has a volume resistivity of more than or equal to 10 10 omega cm, and has a ventilation volume of more than or equal to 300mm/s under the pressure of 200 Pa.
2. The layered structure of claim 1, wherein the power supply assembly comprises a flexible thin film battery, an overcurrent protection resistor, a zener diode, and a switch; The flexible thin film battery, the overcurrent protection resistor, the zener diode and the switch are connected in series through a lead; The junction of power supply subassembly and static adsorbed layer is located the marginal region of static adsorbed layer one side of keeping away from the insulating layer, and the junction of power supply subassembly and flexible electrode layer is located the continuous conductive region in flexible electrode layer edge.
3. The layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nanoparticles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein said layered structure is applied to a disposable industrial electrostatic precipitator mask comprising, in order from the outside to the inside, an outer protective cloth, a layered structure, a middle supporting mesh and an inner skin-friendly cloth; The outer protective cloth is made of polyester fiber, the thickness is 5-8 mu m, the middle supporting net is made of polyamide, the mesh aperture is 100-200 mu m, the inner skin-friendly cloth is made of pure cotton blending, the thickness is 3-5 mu m, the inner skin-friendly cloth is only distributed in the face area attached to the mask substrate, and the outer protective cloth, the layered structure and the middle supporting net are only arranged in the protruding filter cavity area which is not attached to the face of the mask.
4. The layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nanoparticles according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it is prepared by a process comprising: Through an in-situ polymerization and vacuum filtration integrated forming process, an antistatic protective layer, an electrostatic adsorption layer, an insulating layer, a flexible electrode layer and a skin-friendly waterproof layer are sequentially deposited on a filter membrane under the conditions that the vacuum degree is minus 0.09 to minus 0.08MPa, the polymerization temperature is 58-62 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1.5-2.5 hours; the preparation method of the raw materials of the electrostatic adsorption layer comprises the following steps: Mixing graphene oxide dispersion liquid and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots according to a mass ratio of 95:5, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 25-35min, adjusting pH to 6.3-6.7, adding a reducing agent vitamin C, and reducing for 1.5-2.5h at 60 ℃ with a reduction degree controlled to be 70-80%.
5. The layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nano-sized particles according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic adsorption layer is a carbon nanofiber/electrostatic spinning PVDF composite membrane, and is prepared by blending carbon nanofiber and PVDF electret according to a mass ratio of 1:9 through an electrostatic spinning process, wherein the parameters are spinning voltage 18-22 kV, solution flow rate 0.8-1.2 mL/h, receiving distance 15-20 cm, and membrane with thickness of 12-15 μm is prepared.

Description

Layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nanoscale particles Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic filtration, in particular to a layered structure based on nano-scale particle electrostatic filtration. Background In a plurality of fields such as air purification, water quality treatment, industrial precision manufacturing, medical protection, etc., efficient filtration and removal of nanoscale particles (including nanoscale particulate matters, heavy metal ions, harmful molecules, etc.) have been core requirements for guaranteeing product quality, environmental safety and human health. With the advancement of industrialization and the increasing severity of environmental standards, nano-scale pollutants such as silica dust, coal dust and the like of 0.075-100nm are increasingly harmful to the ecological environment and human health. It is counted that millions of people worldwide suffer from diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and respiratory systems due to inhalation of polluted air containing nano-sized particles each year, and pollution of nano-sized particles in industrial production is one of key factors causing reduction of yield of precision manufacturing industries such as display panels, semiconductors and the like, so that huge economic loss is brought to enterprises. The existing filtering layered structure has poor filtering effect on nano-scale particles and short service life. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a layered structure based on electrostatic filtration of nano-scale particles, which solves the problems of poor filtration effect and short service life of the nano-scale particles by the layered structure. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The layered structure based on nano-level particle electrostatic filtration sequentially comprises an antistatic protective layer, an electrostatic adsorption layer, an insulating layer, a flexible electrode layer, a skin-friendly waterproof layer and a power supply assembly from outside to inside; The two poles of the power supply assembly are respectively connected with the electrostatic adsorption layer and the flexible electrode layer; The antistatic protective layer, the electrostatic adsorption layer, the insulating layer, the flexible electrode layer and the skin-friendly waterproof layer are prepared through an in-situ polymerization and vacuum filtration integrated molding process, and no layering gap exists. The static adsorption layer is preferably a reduced graphene oxide/nitrogen doped graphene quantum dot composite porous membrane, wherein the reduced graphene oxide forms a three-dimensional communication skeleton with a staggered network lamellar structure, the reduction degree is 70% -80%, partial hydroxyl and epoxy oxygen-containing functional groups are reserved, the nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots are uniformly embedded on the surface, gaps and micropore edges of the reduced graphene oxide lamellar in a monodispersed state, and are blended with the reduced graphene oxide in situ through pi-pi stacking effect. Preferably, the antistatic protection layer is a customized waterproof insulation type PVDF composite coating, and micro-salient points are arranged on the surface of the antistatic protection layer through synergistic modification by adding 0.5% of nano silicon dioxide and 1% of fluorocarbon waterproof agent. Preferably, the insulating layer adopts a waterproof PI film or an electrostatic spinning PLA film, the thickness is 1-2 mu m, the microporosity is more than or equal to 70%, and the electrostatic adsorption layer and the flexible electrode layer are tightly attached. Preferably, the middle area of the flexible electrode layer is designed in a dot-shaped or grid-shaped intermittent distribution mode, the material is a graphene-coated PI film or a carbon nano tube-coated PI film, the thickness is 1-1.2 mu m, and a continuous conductive area with the width of 5-8mm is reserved at the edge. Preferably, the skin-friendly waterproof layer is a waterproof pure cotton blended composite film, and is modified by adding 0.8% of organic silicon waterproof agent, the thickness is 2-3 mu m, the volume resistivity is more than or equal to 10 10 omega cm, and the ventilation capacity is more than or equal to 300mm/s under the pressure of 200 Pa. Preferably, the power supply assembly comprises a flexible thin film battery, an overcurrent protection resistor, a zener diode and a switch; The flexible thin film battery, the overcurrent protection resistor, the zener diode and the switch are connected in series through a lead; The junction of power supply subassembly and static adsorbed layer is located the marginal region of static adsorbed layer one side of keeping away from the insulating layer, and the junction of power supply subassembly and flexible elec