CN-121740500-B - Outdoor data acquisition device and acquisition method

CN121740500BCN 121740500 BCN121740500 BCN 121740500BCN-121740500-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of acquisition devices, in particular to a field data acquisition device and an acquisition method, which aim to solve the problems that the existing cut plant fragments are easy to scatter, the acquisition efficiency is affected, acquisition tools and containers are required to be replaced repeatedly, and an effective sample classification and storage mechanism is lacked, the in-loop switching swivel ring is equipped with drive structure and makes the barrel move cage plant downwards, cuts up structure drive cutting blade and cuts up the plant, and collecting vat is changed to the collecting structure when lift platform moves down, and the collecting method drives cutting blade through the barrel rotation and cuts up the plant, and the vacuum pump is with the piece suction collecting vat, can also utilize broken soil of breaker and inhale the collection, and the device can accurately gather the sample, reduce cost improves data accuracy.

Inventors

YANG QIAN
WEI JIANJIANG
MA SHUAI
LI QIANJIE
ZHANG YAFENG
WU ZHENHUA
ZHOU HEDONG
YANG YI

Assignees

山西省地质调查院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260228

Claims (7)

1. A field data acquisition device, comprising: A movable base (1) having a cylinder (6) penetrating therethrough; two cutting blades (14) sliding through the cylinder (6) for chopping the plants; a fixed sealing ring (19) fixed on the top of the movable base (1) through a support plate, and a rotating ring (21) is connected in a rotating way; the driving structure comprises a plurality of fixed rods (2) fixed at the top of the movable base (1) and a lifting platform (3) sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rods (2) in a sliding manner, and is used for driving the cylinder (6) to move downwards to cover plants; the shredding structure comprises a fixed disc (10) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder (6) and is used for driving a cutting blade (14) to move towards the center of the cylinder (6); A collecting structure comprising a plurality of collecting grooves (22) arranged on the outer wall of the rotary ring (21) for collecting chopped plants; The rotating structure comprises a plurality of fixed plates (31) fixed on one side of the rotating ring (21) and is used for driving the rotating ring (21) to rotate when the lifting platform (3) moves downwards so as to switch the collecting tank (22); The driving structure further includes: the electric push rod (4) is fixed at the top of the movable base (1), an output shaft of the electric push rod is connected with the bottom of the lifting platform (3), a bevel gear ring (7) is rotatably connected to the top of the movable base (1), the bevel gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder body (6) through a sliding groove, a driving motor (8) is fixed at the top of the movable base (1), and a bevel gear (9) meshed with the bevel gear ring (7) is fixed at the output shaft of the driving motor; Wherein, after the electric push rod (4) drives the lifting platform (3) and the cylinder (6) to move downwards to cover plants, the driving motor (8) drives the cylinder (6) to rotate through the conical ring gear (7) and the bevel gear (9); the shredding structure further comprises: The two guide rods (11) are fixed at the bottom of the fixed disc (10) through a base and positioned at two sides of the cylinder (6), the two sliding seats (12) are sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rods (11) in a sliding manner, the bottom of the two sliding seats is connected with the top of the cutting blade (14), the springs I (13) are sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rods (11), the two ends of the springs I are respectively connected with the sliding seats (12) and the base, one ends of the two traction ropes (15) are connected with the weights (16), and the other ends of the two traction ropes penetrate through the fixed disc (10) to be connected with the sliding seats (12); when the cylinder body (6) rotates, the centrifugal force of the balancing weight (16) is larger than that of the sliding seat (12) and the cutting blade (14), and the balancing weight (16) pulls the cutting blade (14) to move towards the center of the cylinder body (6) through the traction rope (15); the collection structure further comprises: The vacuum pump comprises a cylindrical barrel (25) arranged in a rotary ring (21) in a rotating way, a vacuum pump (28) fixed on the top of the movable base (1) through a supporting frame (27), a vent hole (26) arranged on one side of the cylindrical barrel (25) close to a barrel (6), an exhaust hole (24) arranged on the inner wall of a collecting groove (22) and matched with the vent hole (26) to generate negative pressure, and a through hole I (20) fixed on one side of a fixed sealing ring (19) close to the barrel (6), wherein a hose (29) is arranged in the through hole I, and the bottom end of the hose (29) extends into the barrel (6); Wherein when the vacuum pump (28) is started, the chopped plants are sucked into the collecting tank (22) through the hose (29).
2. The field data acquisition device of claim 1, wherein the weight (16) is greater than the sum of the weights of the sliding seat (12) and the cutting blade (14).
3. The field data acquisition device of claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the top of the cylinder body (6) is fixedly provided with a guide ring (18) with the inner diameter the same as the outer diameter of the hose (29) and used for guiding plant fragments to enter the hose (29), the collecting tank (22) is internally provided with a perforated plate (23) for separating large and small plant fragments, and the cylindrical cylinder (25) is internally fixedly provided with an inclined panel (30) for stacking small plant fragments.
4. The field data collection device of claim 3 wherein the rotating structure further comprises: The lifting platform comprises a vertical rod (32) fixed on one side of a lifting platform (3) close to a fixed sealing ring (19), two fixed bases (33) fixed on one side of the vertical rod (32), a rotating shaft (34) rotatably connected between the two fixed bases (33), a toggle plate (35) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34), a limiting block (37) fixed on one side of the vertical rod (32) and used for limiting the toggle plate (35), two torsion springs (36) sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (34), and two ends of each torsion spring are respectively connected with the toggle plate (35) and the fixed base (33); When the lifting platform (3) moves downwards, the toggle plate (35) pushes the fixed plate (31) to drive the rotating ring (21) to rotate under the action of the torsion spring (36), so that the unloaded collecting groove (22) is opposite to the Ji Ruanguan (29).
5. The field data acquisition device of claim 4 wherein: The bottom of the fixed sealing ring (19) is clamped with a detachable blocking cover (52) for blocking or opening the collecting groove (22).
6. The field data acquisition device of claim 5, further comprising: Two positioning pins I (40) fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body (6), two movable plates (38) arranged in the cylinder body (6) and internally provided with inserting grooves (41) which are inserted into the positioning pins I (40), a magnet block (39) embedded in one side of the movable plates (38) far away from the cylinder body (6), a through hole (42) penetrating the movable plates (38) and in sliding fit with the cutting blade (14), circular grooves (43) arranged at the top and the bottom of the through hole (42), positioning pins II (44) arranged in the circular grooves (43) in sliding mode, positioning grooves (47) arranged at the top and the bottom of the cutting blade (14) and in inserting fit with the positioning pins II (44), electromagnets (46) fixed on the inner walls of the positioning pins II (44) and the circular grooves (43), a tension spring (45) connected with the positioning pins II (44) and the inner walls of the circular grooves (43), a crushing plate (49) arranged in the bottom sliding groove (48) of the movable plates (38), a spring II (50) connected with the top wall of the crushing plate (49) and the sliding groove (48), and a fixed baffle plate (51) fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder body (6); When the electromagnet (46) is electrified, the locating pin II (44) is inserted into the locating groove (47) to fix the cutting blade (14) and the movable plate (38), the cutting blade (14) drives the crushing plate (49) to crush soil, and when the electromagnet (46) is powered off, the stretching spring (45) pulls the locating pin II (44) to be separated from the locating groove (47).
7. A method for collecting field data, applied to a field data collecting device as claimed in claim 6, comprising the steps of: s1, moving and identifying, namely driving the movable base (1) to move in the field, and shooting plant information by using the camera (5); S2, moving the cylinder (6) to the upper part of the target plant, moving the cylinder downwards, starting the driving motor (8) to drive the cylinder (6) to rotate, enabling the balancing weight (16) to move outwards by utilizing centrifugal force, and pulling the cutting blade (14) to retract and rotate through the traction rope (15), so as to cut the plant; S3, collecting scraps in vacuum, namely synchronously starting a vacuum pump (28), sucking the chopped plants through a hose (29), a through hole I (20), a collecting tank (22), an exhaust hole (24) and an exhaust hole (26), blocking large scraps by a perforated plate (23), and sucking small scraps into a cylindrical barrel (25) for accumulation; S4, resetting and sample switching, namely, moving the cylinder (6), the lifting platform (3), the vertical rod (32) and the poking plate (35) upwards after collection, rotating the poking plate (35) under the action of the fixed plate (31), resetting under the torsion spring (36) after moving, and opening the plugging cover (52) to drop fragments when needed; S5, in a soil collection mode, when soil is required to be collected, an electrified electromagnet (46) generates repulsive force to enable a locating pin II (44) to move in opposite directions, during rotation of the cylinder (6), the cutting blade (14) moves inwards to penetrate through the locating pin II (44) and is inserted into a locking movable plate (38) when the locating groove (47) is aligned, the cutting blade (14) moves inwards continuously to enable the movable plate (38) to be separated from a fixed baffle plate (51), a trigger spring II (50) ejects a crushing plate (49), and the cylinder (6) rotates to crush the soil; S6, soil collection and reset, wherein a vacuum pump (28) sucks broken soil, after the completion, a cutting blade (14) drives a movable plate (38) to reset, a fixed baffle (51) is used for driving a breaking plate (49) to retract into a containing chute (48), a power-off electromagnet (46), a stretching spring (45) is used for pulling a positioning pin II (44) back to unlock, and the movable plate (38) is fixed on the inner wall of a cylinder body (6) through a magnet block (39) and a positioning pin I (40).

Description

Outdoor data acquisition device and acquisition method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of acquisition devices, in particular to a field data acquisition device and an acquisition method. Background Geographic information is the geographic meaning of the implication and expression of geographic data, and is the general term for numbers, characters, images, graphics and the like of the quantity, quality, property, distribution characteristics, connection and regularity of substances related to geographic environment elements, so that in order to improve the utilization rate of land resources, the geographic information data needs to be collected for analysis, and the reasonable utilization and protection of the land resources are facilitated during subsequent land development. When field geographic information data are acquired, various information acquisition needs to be carried out on the field geographic information, such as various aspects of data acquisition such as air, water quality, heavy metals, air, various species, plant community dynamics and the like. However, such data acquisition is very cumbersome, more data needs to be acquired, and the cost of data acquisition is greatly increased. These geographical information can be obtained by harvesting the plants and analyzing the harvested plants. The traditional collection mode is to collect plants and soil respectively by using simple tools such as scissors, shovels and the like. However, this conventional method has many limitations. In the aspect of plant collection, when the scissors are used for cutting plants manually, the cut plant fragments are easy to scatter, so that the difficulty and time cost of collection are increased. Meanwhile, for plants of different types and growth states, the manual operation is difficult to realize a standardized collection flow, and the collection efficiency is affected. For plant and soil samples at different positions, the collection tool and the container need to be replaced repeatedly, so that the data collection cost is greatly increased, the condition that the samples are mixed easily occurs, and the accuracy and the reliability of the data are affected. In addition, an effective sample classification and storage mechanism is lacked in the collection process, and the samples are not easy to confuse, so that the subsequent classification processing and analysis are not facilitated. Therefore, the field data acquisition device which can acquire plant and soil samples efficiently and accurately at the same time and has sample classification and storage functions is developed and has important practical significance. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects that the existing cut plant fragments are easy to scatter, the collection efficiency is affected, collection tools and containers need to be replaced repeatedly, and an effective sample classification and storage mechanism is lacked. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a field data acquisition device comprising: A movable base, the inside of which is penetrated with a cylinder; Two cutting blades which are penetrated in the cylinder in a sliding way and used for cutting up plants; the fixed sealing ring is fixed on the top of the movable base through a support plate, and is connected with a rotary ring in a rotary way; The driving structure comprises a plurality of fixed rods fixed at the top of the movable base, and a lifting platform sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rods in a sliding manner and used for driving the cylinder to move the cage plants downwards; the shredding structure comprises a fixed disc fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder body and is used for driving the cutting blade to move towards the center of the cylinder body; the collecting structure comprises a plurality of collecting grooves arranged on the outer wall of the rotating ring and is used for collecting chopped plants; the rotating structure comprises a plurality of fixing plates fixed on one side of the rotating ring and is used for driving the rotating ring to rotate when the lifting platform moves downwards so as to switch the collecting tank. In one possible design, as a further improvement of the above technical solution: The driving structure further includes: The electric push rod is fixed at the top of the movable base, and an output shaft of the electric push rod is connected with the bottom of the lifting platform; The conical tooth ring is rotatably connected to the top of the movable base and sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder body through the sliding groove; the driving motor is fixed on the top of the movable base, and the output shaft of the driving motor is fixed with a bevel gear meshed with the bevel gear ring; wherein, behind electric putter drive lift platform and barrel moved cage plant downwards, driving motor passes thr