CN-121755480-B - Pickling recovery unit of silicon in old and useless photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses an acid washing recovery device for silicon in a waste photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of recovery treatment of waste photovoltaic modules. In the prior art, the disassembled silicon material plates are easy to stack and adhere after being put into a material containing frame, so that acid washing dead angles are formed, and the recovery rate of silicon is low and the purity is insufficient. The device comprises a frame, wherein a pickling tank is arranged on the frame, a material containing frame is arranged on the frame in a lifting manner and used for containing waste photovoltaic modules, and the material containing frame is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes through which pickling liquid flows and can be lowered to enable the modules to be immersed in the pickling tank. A plurality of separation rods are arranged in the material containing frame and are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the material containing frame, and the single separation rods separate adjacent components to form a gap. The device avoids assembly lamination and stacking through the separation rod, and the cooperation feed liquor hole ensures that the acid liquor fully permeates, eliminates the pickling dead angle, promotes the purity and the rate of recovery of silicon recovery, and the structure is succinct, and the adaptation has the pickling technology.

Inventors

• ZHANG BO
• LI HONGJI
• LV XIANHUA
• TU YONG
• LI HUABIN

Assignees

• 邢台圣博金属材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260228

Claims (6)

1. 1. The utility model provides a pickling recovery unit of silicon in old and useless photovoltaic module which characterized in that includes: the pickling device comprises a frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with a pickling tank (2); the material containing frame (3) is arranged on the frame (1) in a lifting manner and is used for containing the waste photovoltaic modules, a plurality of liquid inlet holes (31) through which pickling liquid flows are formed in the material containing frame (3), and the material containing frame (3) can descend to enable the waste photovoltaic modules to be immersed in the pickling tank (2); A plurality of separation rods (4) are arranged in the material containing frame (3), the separation rods (4) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the material containing frame (3), and a single separation rod (4) is used for separating two adjacent waste photovoltaic modules so as to form a gap between the two adjacent waste photovoltaic modules; The two sides of the separation rod (4) are respectively provided with a flexible flank (41) which extends obliquely downwards, and when the waste photovoltaic module enters the material accommodating frame (3), the flexible flanks (41) can deform and press against the side wall of the waste photovoltaic module so as to limit the waste photovoltaic module; the material containing frame (3) is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet tanks (34) penetrating through the side walls, and the liquid inlet tanks (34) vertically extend and are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the material containing frame (3); the plurality of separation rods (4) are in one-to-one correspondence and sliding fit with the plurality of liquid inlet grooves (34), two ends of the plurality of separation rods (4) are outwards extended to two sides of the material containing frame (3), and the end parts of the plurality of separation rods (4) positioned on the same side of the material containing frame (3) are connected through an assembly rod (42); When the material containing frame (3) drives the waste photovoltaic module to ascend and move out of the pickling tank (2), the material containing frame (3) can drive the waste photovoltaic module to ascend relative to the assembly rod (42) so as to vertically scrape pickling liquid attached to the side wall of the waste photovoltaic module through the flexible side wings (41); the separation rod (4) is sleeved with a flexible sleeve (43), the flexible side wings (41) are positioned on two sides of the flexible sleeve (43), and the side walls of the flexible sleeve (43) can be elastically abutted or in sliding fit with the inner wall of the liquid inlet groove (34), so that the relative position of the separation rod (4) and the liquid inlet groove (34) is fixed when no external force acts or the separation rod (4) slides relative to the liquid inlet groove (34) under the action of the external force; The machine frame (1) is connected with two stop rods (6) in a sliding manner, and the two stop rods (6) are positioned on two sides above the pickling tank (2) and are used for being abutted with the assembly rods (42) to limit the upward movement range of the assembly rods (42); When the material containing frame (3) ascends and moves out of the pickling tank (2), the two stop rods (6) can slide in opposite directions to be close to the material containing frame (3) so as to be respectively abutted with the assembly rods (42) on two sides of the material containing frame (3), so that the assembly rods (42) are limited to move upwards, and pickling liquid attached to the side walls of the waste photovoltaic modules is scraped by the aid of the assembly rods (42).
2. 2. The acid washing recovery device of silicon in the waste photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the inner bottom wall of the material containing frame (3) is provided with a plurality of rows of guide protrusions (32), the top of each guide protrusion (32) is provided with a guide conical surface (33), and the plurality of rows of guide protrusions (32) are arranged up and down correspondingly to the plurality of separation rods (4); When the waste photovoltaic modules enter the material containing frame (3), the guide conical surface (33) is used for guiding the lower ends of the waste photovoltaic modules to move between two adjacent rows of guide protrusions (32).
3. 3. The pickling recovery device of silicon in a waste photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein an anti-rotation protrusion (44) is arranged on the outer wall of the separation rod (4), an anti-rotation groove (45) is formed in the inner wall of the flexible sleeve (43), and the anti-rotation protrusion (44) can be in clamping fit with the anti-rotation groove (45) so as to limit the circumferential position of the flexible sleeve (43) relative to the separation rod (4).
4. 4. The acid washing recovery device of silicon in a waste photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the frame (1) is provided with a material loading position (11) and a material unloading position (12) which are respectively positioned at two sides of the material containing frame (3), a sliding frame (7) is horizontally arranged on the frame (1) in a sliding manner, a lifting driving piece (5) is arranged on the sliding frame (7), the material containing frame (3) is detachably connected to a lifting end of the lifting driving piece (5), and the sliding frame (7) can drive the lifting driving piece (5) and the material containing frame (3) to move to the material loading position (11) or the material unloading position (12).
5. 5. The acid washing recovery device of silicon in the waste photovoltaic module according to claim 4 is characterized in that two connecting parts (35) are arranged on the side part of the material containing frame (3), the two connecting parts (35) are respectively close to two ends of the material containing frame (3), plug holes (36) are formed in the two connecting parts (35), an installation cylinder (51) is arranged at the lifting end of the lifting driving piece (5), plug rods (52) are connected with two ends of the installation cylinder (51) in a telescopic manner, and when the installation cylinder (51) moves between the two connecting parts (35), the plug rods (52) can extend outwards and are in plug fit with the plug holes (36); The plug rod (52) is provided with a centralizing part (53) extending downwards, and the centralizing part (53) is used for abutting against the side wall of the material containing frame (3) so as to limit the material containing frame (3) to one side below the lifting driving piece (5).
6. 6. The acid washing recovery device of silicon in a waste photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein two ends of the stop lever (6) are connected with the frame (1) through a bending section (61), and the bending section (61) extends to a side far away from the material containing frame (3) and is used for avoiding the connecting portion (35).

Description

Pickling recovery unit of silicon in old and useless photovoltaic module Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of recovery treatment of waste photovoltaic modules, and particularly relates to an acid pickling recovery device for silicon in a waste photovoltaic module. Background The photovoltaic module mainly comprises a glass cover plate, a packaging adhesive film, a battery piece (silicon-based), a back plate, an aluminum frame, a junction box and the like, wherein the silicon battery piece is a core component and contains a large amount of high-purity silicon materials. When the waste photovoltaic module is recovered, components such as glass, an aluminum frame, a junction box and the like are required to be removed through disassembly, and then the obtained silicon material plate is subjected to purification treatment, so that the pickling method becomes one of the processes widely applied to the recovery of the silicon material plate at present due to relatively simple operation and good purification effect. In the prior art, the acid washing recovery of the waste photovoltaic module silicon material plate is generally to directly put the disassembled silicon material plate monomer into a material containing frame, remove impurities (such as metal oxide, packaging adhesive film residues and the like) on the surface of the silicon material plate through soaking reaction of acid liquor (such as hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid mixed liquor and the like), and further obtain the purified silicon material. However, the disassembled silicon material plates are easy to be mutually attached and stacked under the action of gravity after being put into the material containing frame, so that a dense material pile structure is formed. The above bonding and stacking phenomenon can lead to that the acid liquor is difficult to fully permeate into the bonding surface of the silicon material plate monomer and the stacking gap, so that a large number of acid washing dead angles are formed. The impurities in the dead angle areas cannot be in effective contact reaction with the acid liquor, so that not only can the impurities on the surface of the silicon material plate be removed incompletely, the purity of recovered silicon be reduced, the subsequent recycling effect is affected, but also part of the silicon material plate can be regarded as waste to be discarded because of insufficient acid washing, and the recovery rate of silicon is obviously reduced. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a pickling recovery device for silicon in a waste photovoltaic module, which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, when the waste photovoltaic module is subjected to silicic acid pickling recovery, module monomers are easy to attach and stack, so that acid liquor cannot fully permeate an attaching surface, further, pickling dead angles are generated, the silicon recovery rate is low, and the recovery purity is insufficient. In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an acid washing recovery device for silicon in a waste photovoltaic module, including: The machine frame is provided with an acid washing tank; The material containing frame is arranged on the rack in a lifting manner and used for containing the waste photovoltaic modules, a plurality of liquid inlet holes through which pickling liquid flows are formed in the material containing frame, and the material containing frame can descend so that the waste photovoltaic modules are immersed in the pickling tank; The material containing frame is internally provided with a plurality of separation rods, the separation rods are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the material containing frame, and the separation rods are used for separating two adjacent waste photovoltaic modules, so that a gap is formed between the two adjacent waste photovoltaic modules. In one possible implementation manner, the two sides of the separation rod are respectively provided with a flexible side wing extending obliquely downwards, and when the waste photovoltaic module enters the material containing frame, the flexible side wings can deform and press against the side wall of the waste photovoltaic module so as to limit the waste photovoltaic module. In a possible implementation manner, the inner bottom wall of the material containing frame is provided with a plurality of rows of guide protrusions, the top of each guide protrusion is provided with a guide conical surface, and the plurality of rows of guide protrusions are arranged up and down correspondingly to the plurality of separation rods; when the waste photovoltaic modules enter the material containing frame, the guide conical surface is used for guiding the lower ends of the waste photovoltaic modules to move between two adjacent rows of guide protrusions. In a possible implementation manner, the material containing frame is provided wit