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CN-121758672-B - Nano composite ionic gel material with shock resistance and preparation method thereof

CN121758672BCN 121758672 BCN121758672 BCN 121758672BCN-121758672-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a nano composite ionic gel material with shock resistance and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of polymer composite materials. According to the invention, 5-methyl-2-isopropyl phenol and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate are mixed and heated to prepare a solvent, and then isobornyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, KH570 modified silica nano-particles, 2, 6-diphenyl phenoxyethyl acrylate, a photoinitiator and a cross-linking agent are added into the solvent, and the nano-composite ionic gel material can be obtained after photopolymerization. The nano composite ionic gel material with impact resistance prepared by the invention is soft in normal state and low in modulus, and when being impacted at high speed, the interior of the nano composite ionic gel material is rapidly and efficiently dissipated, the modulus is rapidly increased, and the intelligent protection effect of 'rigid when meeting rigidity and flexible when meeting softness' can be realized.

Inventors

  • SHI DA
  • QU SHAOXING
  • RAO PING

Assignees

  • 浙江大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260226

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the nanocomposite ion gel material with impact resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, mixing 5-methyl-2-isopropyl phenol and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate according to a molar ratio (3-1): 1, and then thermally reacting for 1-2 hours at a temperature of 80-90 ℃ until a transparent hydrophobic eutectic solvent is obtained; S2, uniformly mixing isobornyl acrylate, hexafluorobutyl acrylate, KH570 modified silicon dioxide nano-particles and 2, 6-diphenyl phenoxyethyl acrylate according to the mass ratio of (5.5-6.5) (8.2-9.2) (0.5-1.5) to obtain a pre-solution; s3, mixing the pre-solution and the hydrophobic eutectic solvent according to the mass ratio of (0.8-1.1) (0.15-0.25), adding the photoinitiator and the cross-linking agent, and carrying out ultrasonic stirring, mixing and dispersing to obtain a precursor solution; S4, pouring the precursor solution into a mold, sealing and then performing ultraviolet curing to obtain the nano composite ionic gel material.
  2. 2. The method for preparing an impact-resistant nanocomposite ionic gel material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of 5-methyl-2-isopropyl phenol to tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate is 2:1.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the nanocomposite ion gel material with impact resistance according to claim 1 is characterized in that the synthesis method of the 2, 6-diphenyl phenoxyethyl acrylate is characterized in that 2, 6-diphenyl phenol and 2-bromoethanol are dissolved in N-N dimethylformamide, stirred and fully reacted at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ after potassium carbonate is added, separated and purified to obtain 2- (2, 6-diphenyl phenoxy) ethanol, then the 2- (2, 6-diphenyl phenoxy) ethanol and triethylamine are dissolved in dichloromethane, stirred and evenly mixed in an ice bath, then acryloyl chloride is added for fully reacting, and the 2, 6-diphenyl phenoxyethyl acrylate is obtained after separation and purification.
  4. 4. The method for preparing an impact-resistant nanocomposite ionic gel material according to claim 3, wherein the mixed molar ratio of 2, 6-diphenylphenol to 2-bromoethanol is 1:1, and the mixed molar ratio of 2- (2, 6-diphenylphenoxy) ethanol to triethylamine is 1:3.
  5. 5. The method for preparing an impact-resistant nanocomposite ionic gel material according to claim 1, wherein the photoinitiator is a photoinitiator 1173.
  6. 6. The method for preparing an impact-resistant nanocomposite ionic gel material according to claim 5, wherein the crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the nanocomposite ion gel material with impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the added photoinitiator and the mass of the crosslinking agent are respectively 0.05% -0.1% of the total mass of the precursor solution.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the nanocomposite ionic gel material with impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic stirring time is 20-40 minutes.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the nanocomposite ion gel material with impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein ultraviolet light adopted by ultraviolet light curing has a wavelength of 365nm and an ultraviolet light irradiation time of 2.5-3 hours.
  10. 10. A nanocomposite ion gel material having impact resistance prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Description

Nano composite ionic gel material with shock resistance and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of polymer composite materials, and particularly relates to an impact energy absorbing material based on ionic gel. Background Impact resistant materials have a wide and urgent need in the industrial fields of automobiles, human body protection and the like. In the evolution of billions of years in nature, a subtle solution is provided for coping with impact challenges. For example, the hammerhead of a mantis shrimp achieves energy dissipation through a multi-scale hierarchical structure (mineralized nanomaterial combined with elastic biopolymer), and many echinoderms, such as sea cucumbers, can reversibly change the hardness of their inner dermis in response to external stimuli, thereby exhibiting stimulus response and mechanical adaptation characteristics. The engineering impact resistant material has similar intelligent response characteristics, namely, the engineering impact resistant material is soft under daily use conditions to ensure comfort, and the engineering impact resistant material can be quickly hardened in a dynamic impact event to dissipate energy with extremely high efficiency and protect a protection object. Although conventional materials such as ceramics, metals, alloys, etc. have had significant progress in the impact resistance field, their heavy weight, high stiffness, low energy dissipation rate have limited their application. Therefore, development of lightweight, high strength, high energy dissipation impact resistant materials has become urgent. Currently, the gels used for impact protection mainly include conventional hydrogels, ionic gels, and double network gels. Although these materials exhibit some flexibility and cushioning capability under static or low-speed loads, they present significant technical bottlenecks in dealing with high-speed, high-energy impacts, principally in the following respects: 1. most flexible gels have insufficient static and dynamic moduli, typically less than 10MPa in compression modulus, and do not provide sufficient rigidity to resist severe impact deformation. Although the static modulus of gels, which are partially reinforced by nanocomposite or dual network structures, is improved, at strain rates as high as 5000 s -1 and even higher, the dynamic modulus tends to be much lower than 50MPa, and the energy dissipation capacity rapidly reaches saturation, resulting in failure of the protection. 2. The lack of a significant "impact hardening" effect is that the energy dissipation mechanism of existing gel materials is mostly dependent on the viscous relaxation of the molecular chains or the cleavage of single dynamic bonds, whose mechanical response does not change strongly enough with strain rate, i.e. lack of strong strain sensitivity (impact hardening effect). This results in materials that may be too stiff at low speeds to affect comfort, but not stiff enough to provide effective protection at high speed impacts, failing to achieve intelligent "on-demand protection". 3. Structural instability at high strain rates existing gelled polymer networks tend to be prone to catastrophic, irreversible fracture under extremely high impact loads due to the single energy dissipation mechanism and limited energy transfer rate. The internal network cannot adapt and disperse the impact stress through rapid and reversible structural reorganization, thereby causing structural collapse. The reason for the three problems is mainly that the design of the micro-network structure of the existing gel material is limited. The network structure is either too rigid to have dynamic reconfiguration capability or too flexible to have sufficient energy dissipation sites. Second, when water is used as the gel medium, the water is incompressible and cannot dissipate energy through volume contraction, but when impacted, the water is forced to migrate violently out of the impacted area to generate seepage, and huge shearing force is generated on a polymer network, so that the material is invalid. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a novel gel material that not only has suitable mechanical properties in the normal state, but also is more critical to exhibit extremely high dynamic modulus and strong impact hardening effects under ultra-high strain rate impact, thereby providing a subverted solution for impact protection under extreme conditions. Disclosure of Invention In order to obtain high energy dissipation capability, the impact-resistant gel in the prior art, such as polyurethane elastomer, polyvinyl alcohol gel and the like, is generally required to increase modulus through high crosslinking density or introducing a rigid chain segment, but the impact-resistant gel causes the problems of hard and brittle material, poor fit, low wearing comfort and the like, and severely limits the application of the impact-resistant