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CN-121759341-B - Kitchen waste composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof

CN121759341BCN 121759341 BCN121759341 BCN 121759341BCN-121759341-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste composite microbial inoculant, a preparation method and application thereof. The composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste comprises bacteria and fungi, wherein the bacteria comprise bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus wilt, bacillus peanut, bacillus, korean listeria and giant listeria, and the fungi comprise fusarium graminearum and fusarium graminearum. According to the invention, the problems of blockage of a hydrophobic membrane formed by grease and difficult degradation of cellulose are specifically solved by utilizing the synergistic effect of bacteria and fungi, so that the biodegradability of organic dry matters in kitchen waste is obviously improved, and real source decrement is realized. Simultaneously, the solid microbial inoculum which is subjected to double optimization of a fermentation process and a carrier adsorption process can still keep long-time high activity and high stability in an actual engineering environment of continuous feeding and salt accumulation, and the requirement of long-term continuous operation of the distributed kitchen waste treatment equipment is effectively met.

Inventors

  • CHEN FEIYONG
  • ZHAO YUBO
  • GENG SHUYING
  • LIU RUPENG
  • LI KAINING
  • SUN XINGYU
  • AN JIBIN
  • SUN CUIZHEN
  • Xu Linxiu
  • SHEN XUE

Assignees

  • 山东建筑大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260228

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising bacteria and fungi; The bacteria include Paenibacillus peanut Bacillus arachidis, listeria megaterium Priestia megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis Bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus sp., bacillus Wildmann Bacillus wiedmannii, and Listeria korea Priestia koreensis; The fungi include the yeast ustilago major Filobasidium magnum and Fusarium layering Fusarium proliferatum; The Paenibacillus arachidis, the large-privet bacillus, the bacillus megaterium, the bacillus wildmann bacillus, the Korean privet bacillus, the large-line black powder yeast and the Fusarium layering are all sent to the China center for culture Collection of microorganisms, the collection date is 2026, 1 month and 19 days, and the address is North Star, the national institute of sciences of China, the Qing dynasty district, the Western 1, 3; Wherein, the preservation number of the paenibacillus peanut is CGMCC No.36635, the preservation number of the large-scale jerusalem artichoke is CGMCC No.36636, the preservation number of the bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.36631, the preservation number of the bacillus thuringiensis is CGMCC No.36632, the preservation number of the bacillus Widemamans is CGMCC No.36633, the preservation number of the Korean jerusalem artichoke is CGMCC No.36634, the preservation number of the large-scale jerusalem artichoke is CGMCC No.39052 and the preservation number of the Fusarium layering is CGMCC No.42321.
  2. 2. The composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the mixed volume ratio of the bacteria to the fungi is (2-4): 1; the mixed volume ratio of the paenibacillus arachidis, the large-pri bacillus, the bacillus thuringiensis, the bacillus Widemansiella and the Korean pri bacillus is the same; the mixing volume ratio of the fusarium graminearum to the fusarium graminearum is the same.
  3. 3. The composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the number of viable bacteria of the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste is greater than 8.0 x 10 7 CFU/mL.
  4. 4. The composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste is in a solid preparation or a liquid preparation; the solid preparation also comprises a carrier, wherein the carrier is agricultural waste and an inorganic porous material; The agricultural waste comprises one or more of rice hulls, wheat bran, wood dust, corncob powder, peanut shell powder and straw powder; The inorganic porous material includes one or more of biochar, zeolite, and porous ceramic particles.
  5. 5. The composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to claim 4, wherein the loading rate of the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste in the solid preparation is 72-76%.
  6. 6. A method for preparing the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: after inoculating each single strain to LB liquid culture medium, intermittently oscillating oxygen supply is adopted, and culturing is carried out at 30-40 ℃ for 72-120 h to obtain the liquid microbial inoculum, wherein the intermittent oscillating oxygen supply is that 10-12 h is oscillated under the condition of the rotating speed of 100-150 rpm/min, then 10-12 h is stopped, and the circulation process is continuously repeated.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of mixing the liquid bacterial agent with a carrier for adsorption loading, and performing vacuum drying and freezing to prepare the solid preparation.
  8. 8. The preparation method of the kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum according to claim 7, wherein the adsorption load temperature is 25-35 ℃ and the time is 6-12 h, and 0.5-1.5 g carrier is added per milliliter of liquid microbial inoculum.
  9. 9. Use of the composite bacterial agent for kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in kitchen waste treatment, composting and decomposing agricultural organic waste and livestock manure treatment.
  10. 10. The application of the method according to claim 9, wherein the method for treating the kitchen waste is characterized in that the kitchen waste and the kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum are mixed according to the mass ratio of 20 (2-5), and are intermittently stirred in the continuous treatment process, and the kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum is added in a supplementary mode every 7-20 days in the continuous treatment process, wherein the mass ratio of the supplementary mode is (10-5): 1.

Description

Kitchen waste composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a kitchen waste composite microbial inoculant, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Kitchen waste is high in water content, rich in organic matters and easy to spoil, and the improper treatment of the kitchen waste can cause the problems of sanitation and environmental pollution. At present, centralized treatment is used as a main stream mode, high cost, high carbon emission and secondary pollution are often caused by long-distance transportation, and the defect is more remarkable especially in areas where garbage sources are scattered. For this reason, a distributed (in situ) treatment mode has been developed to circumvent transportation difficulties by installing small treatment equipment at the source, but its treatment effect is severely dependent on the degradative properties of the microbial agents used. Currently, small biological treatment equipment with heating, heat preservation and stirring functions is generally adopted in distributed treatment, and a commercially available general composite microbial agent (such as a general EM microbial agent) is added. Although the scheme has a certain decrement effect, the following key problems still exist in practical application, and the engineering popularization and long-term stable operation of the scheme are restricted: (1) The substantial degradation rate is low, the physical dehydration is mainly relied on, the general microbial inoculum is not optimized for complex components of kitchen waste, and the extracellular enzyme activity is limited. Although a certain wet weight reduction can be realized in the treatment process, the method mainly results from water evaporation caused by heating and stirring of equipment, the actual biodegradation rate of organic matters is not high (usually lower than 70%), a large amount of solid organic matters cannot be effectively decomposed, and the solid organic matters still need to be further treated. (2) The kitchen garbage is rich in grease and cellulose substances, which has insufficient degrading capability to high grease and cellulose components. The grease is easy to form a hydrophobic film on the surface of the material to prevent the contact and degradation of microorganisms, and the general microbial inoculum lacks a high-efficiency lipase-producing strain and is difficult to break an oil film barrier. Meanwhile, cellulose in vegetables and fruit peels has compact structure, and general microbial inoculum lacks efficient cellulose degrading fungi, so that the components are difficult to effectively decompose, and the overall degradation rate is limited. (3) The long-term operation stability is poor, the microbial inoculum is easy to decline and lose efficacy, in the continuous operation process, the salt in the system gradually accumulates, the osmotic pressure is increased, and the auxiliary material carrier is gradually crushed and the air permeability is reduced due to mechanical stirring. The commercial general microbial inoculum has poor tolerance to environmental stress, is easy to cause problems of activity reduction, population imbalance and the like in the later period of operation, leads to obvious reduction of treatment efficiency, and is difficult to ensure long-term stable operation. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art, and a high-efficiency composite microbial community is constructed by screening and compounding a specific strain with high extracellular enzyme activity, and the problems of hydrophobic membrane obstruction and cellulose degradation difficulty caused by grease are specifically solved by utilizing the synergistic effect of bacteria and fungi, so that the biodegradability of organic dry matters in kitchen waste is obviously improved, and the real source reduction is realized. Simultaneously, the solid microbial inoculum which is subjected to double optimization of a fermentation process and a carrier adsorption process can still keep long-time high activity and high stability in an actual engineering environment of continuous feeding and salt accumulation, and the requirement of long-term continuous operation of the distributed kitchen waste treatment equipment is effectively met. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the invention provides a kitchen waste composite microbial inoculum, which comprises bacteria and fungi; Bacteria include Paenibacillus arachnoidis Bacillus arachidis, listeria megaterium Priestia megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis Bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus sp., bacillus Widemansiella Bacillus wiedmannii, and Lis