CN-121767569-B - Construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning

CN121767569BCN 121767569 BCN121767569 BCN 121767569BCN-121767569-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, and relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling. The method comprises the steps of carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning in a construction site to obtain three-dimensional laser data, carrying out laser data clustering to obtain clustered laser data clusters, carrying out iterative fitting on the clustered laser data clusters based on a preset construction structure to obtain a fitting structure confidence coefficient set, screening matched construction structures, configuring a low confidence ratio according to construction progress information of the construction site by combining the fitting structure confidence coefficient set, screening to obtain low confidence clustered laser data clusters, carrying out preset shielding combination structure fitting on the low confidence clustered laser data clusters respectively combined with the clustered laser data clusters closest to the low confidence ratio to obtain shielding structure confidence coefficient sets, screening to obtain matched shielding combination structures, combining the matched construction structures, and carrying out BIM modeling to obtain modeling results. The method effectively improves the BIM modeling precision of the construction site.

Inventors

XIA JIANLONG
HE JUNCHENG
LU ZHE
WANG NA
ZHENG LIYU
ZHANG JINGXIAO
LI HUI

Assignees

陕西省煤田地质集团有限公司
陕西天地建设有限公司
长安大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260303

Claims (7)

1. The construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in a construction site, performing three-dimensional laser scanning to obtain three-dimensional laser data, and performing laser data clustering to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters; Iteratively fitting the clustered laser data clusters based on a plurality of preset construction structures of a construction site to obtain a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening a plurality of matching construction structures; According to construction progress information of a construction site, a plurality of low confidence coefficient ratios are configured by combining a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, a plurality of low confidence clustering laser data clusters are obtained through screening, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring construction progress information of the construction site; Calculating a progress low confidence ratio according to the construction progress information, wherein a calculation formula of the progress low confidence ratio is low confidence ratio= (1-actual completion ratio) x progress weight coefficient; calculating to obtain a fitting low confidence ratio according to the fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, wherein the fitting low confidence ratio is the ratio of the maximum fitting structure confidence coefficient in the fitting structure confidence coefficients to the confidence coefficient threshold value multiplied by a fitting weight coefficient; calculating a low confidence ratio according to the progress low confidence ratio and the fitting low confidence ratio, wherein the low confidence ratio is obtained by weighting calculation of the progress low confidence ratio and the fitting low confidence ratio; screening to obtain a plurality of low confidence clustered laser data clusters according to the low confidence proportion and the total number of the clustered laser data clusters, wherein the method comprises the following steps: Calculating to obtain a low confidence number according to the low confidence proportion and the total number of the plurality of clustered laser data clusters; Calculating confidence degrees of a plurality of maximum fitting structures of a plurality of clustering laser data clusters and a plurality of matching construction structures, and sequencing the plurality of maximum fitting structures according to the sequence from large to small; selecting the last clustered laser data cluster with low confidence quantity as a plurality of clustered laser data clusters with low confidence; the method comprises the steps of respectively combining a plurality of low-confidence clustered laser data clusters with clustered laser data clusters closest to each other, performing fitting of a plurality of shielding combined structures, and obtaining a plurality of shielding structure confidence sets, wherein the steps comprise: Calculating the distance between other clustering laser data clusters and the clustering centers of the plurality of low-confidence clustering laser data clusters, screening the clustering laser data clusters with the minimum distance of each low-confidence clustering laser data cluster, and obtaining a plurality of clustering laser data cluster combinations; acquiring a plurality of preset shielding combined structures in a construction site; Adopting a plurality of preset shielding combined structures, and respectively carrying out iterative fitting in a plurality of clustered laser data cluster combinations to obtain a plurality of shielding structure confidence coefficient sets; screening to obtain a plurality of matched shielding combined structures, and combining the plurality of matched construction structures to perform BIM modeling to obtain a modeling result.
2. The construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 1, wherein in the construction site, three-dimensional laser scanning is performed to obtain three-dimensional laser data, laser data clustering is performed to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters, including: In a construction site, three-dimensional laser scanning is carried out to obtain three-dimensional laser data, wherein the three-dimensional laser data comprises a plurality of laser point data, and each laser point data comprises three-dimensional space coordinates; And carrying out clustering optimization on the three-dimensional laser data to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters.
3. The construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 2, wherein performing cluster optimization on the three-dimensional laser data to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters includes: acquiring the total structure number in a construction site, and setting the total structure number as the number of clustering centers; Randomly selecting the laser point data with the number of the clustering centers in the three-dimensional laser data to serve as a plurality of first clustering centers, and calculating the distances between other laser point data and the plurality of first clustering centers to obtain a plurality of first clustering distance sets; classifying other laser spot data into laser data clusters of a first cluster center with the smallest distance in a plurality of first cluster distance sets respectively to obtain a plurality of first laser data clusters; And carrying out selective clustering optimization on the multiple clustering centers until convergence, and reserving a plurality of laser data clusters with minimum average distance in the clustering process as a plurality of clustered laser data clusters.
4. The construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 1, wherein performing iterative fitting on the plurality of clustered laser data clusters based on a plurality of preset construction structures of the construction site to obtain a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening a plurality of matching construction structures, includes: acquiring a plurality of preset construction structures of a construction site; Performing iterative fitting in a first clustering laser data cluster according to a plurality of preset construction structures to obtain a first fitting structure confidence coefficient set; Continuing to perform iterative fitting in the other multiple clustering laser data clusters to obtain multiple fitting structure confidence coefficient sets; and screening preset construction structures corresponding to the confidence coefficient of the maximum fitting structure from the confidence coefficient sets of the fitting structures respectively to serve as a plurality of matching construction structures.
5. The construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning according to claim 4, wherein performing iterative fitting in the first clustered laser data cluster according to a plurality of preset construction structures to obtain a first fitting structure confidence set includes: Randomly fitting the first preset construction structure in the first clustered laser data cluster for a plurality of times, and calculating the duty ratio of the laser point data, of which the distance between the first clustered laser data cluster and the first preset construction structure is smaller than a preset distance threshold value, to obtain a first structure fitting precision set; Selecting a maximum value in the first structure fitting precision set as a first fitting structure confidence of a first preset construction structure; And continuously adopting other preset construction structures to perform random fitting for a plurality of times in the first clustering laser data cluster to obtain a first fitting structure confidence coefficient set.
6. The three-dimensional laser scanning-based construction site BIM modeling method according to claim 1, wherein the steps of screening to obtain a plurality of matched shielding combined structures, combining the plurality of matched construction structures, and performing BIM modeling to obtain a modeling result include: screening preset shielding combination structures corresponding to the maximum shielding structure confidence in the shielding structure confidence sets respectively to serve as a plurality of matching shielding combination structures; and carrying out BIM modeling according to the plurality of matched construction structures and the plurality of matched shielding combined structures to obtain a modeling result, wherein a plurality of repeated matched construction structures exist in the plurality of matched construction structures and the plurality of matched shielding combined structures.
7. A construction site BIM modeling system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, for implementing the construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: the laser data clustering module is used for carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning in a construction site to obtain three-dimensional laser data, and carrying out laser data clustering to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters; the structure fitting and matching module is used for iteratively fitting the clustered laser data clusters based on a plurality of preset construction structures of a construction site to obtain a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets and screening a plurality of matching construction structures; The low confidence screening module is used for configuring low confidence proportions according to construction progress information of a construction site and combining a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening to obtain a plurality of low confidence clustering laser data clusters; the shielding modeling integration module is used for respectively combining the plurality of low-confidence clustered laser data clusters with the clustered laser data clusters closest to each other, fitting a plurality of preset shielding combined structures to obtain a plurality of shielding structure confidence coefficient sets, screening to obtain a plurality of matched shielding combined structures, combining the plurality of matched construction structures, and performing BIM modeling to obtain a modeling result.

Description

Construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning. Background Along with the deep application of Building Information Model (BIM) technology in construction progress, quality and safety management, reverse modeling based on three-dimensional laser scanning becomes a key technology for acquiring the actual state of a site and performing comparative analysis with a design model. The existing method is generally to directly perform geometric fitting or matching with a preset component library through collecting site point cloud data, registering and denoising so as to realize automatic or semi-automatic BIM model reconstruction. However, the construction site environment is complex and changeable, the existing modeling method has obvious limitation, and due to site dynamic interference and data acquisition incompleteness, deviation and deletion of a generated three-dimensional model are often caused, the actual structural form is difficult to accurately reflect, and the BIM model is finally insufficient in precision and cannot effectively support refined construction management. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, and aims to solve the technical problem of insufficient BIM modeling precision in the prior art. In view of the above problems, the invention provides a construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a construction site BIM modeling method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, including: in a construction site, performing three-dimensional laser scanning to obtain three-dimensional laser data, and performing laser data clustering to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters; Iteratively fitting the clustered laser data clusters based on a plurality of preset construction structures of a construction site to obtain a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening a plurality of matching construction structures; According to construction progress information of a construction site, configuring low confidence proportions by combining a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening to obtain a plurality of low confidence clustering laser data clusters; And respectively combining the plurality of low-confidence clustered laser data clusters with the clustered laser data clusters closest to the clustered laser data clusters, fitting a plurality of preset shielding combined structures to obtain a plurality of shielding structure confidence sets, screening to obtain a plurality of matched shielding combined structures, combining a plurality of matched construction structures, and performing BIM modeling to obtain a modeling result. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction site BIM modeling system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, comprising: the laser data clustering module is used for carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning in a construction site to obtain three-dimensional laser data, and carrying out laser data clustering to obtain a plurality of clustered laser data clusters; the structure fitting and matching module is used for iteratively fitting the clustered laser data clusters based on a plurality of preset construction structures of a construction site to obtain a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets and screening a plurality of matching construction structures; The low confidence screening module is used for configuring low confidence proportions according to construction progress information of a construction site and combining a plurality of fitting structure confidence coefficient sets, and screening to obtain a plurality of low confidence clustering laser data clusters; the shielding modeling integration module is used for respectively combining the plurality of low-confidence clustered laser data clusters with the clustered laser data clusters closest to each other, fitting a plurality of preset shielding combined structures to obtain a plurality of shielding structure confidence coefficient sets, screening to obtain a plurality of matched shielding combined structures, combining the plurality of matched construction structures, and performing BIM modeling to obtain a modeling result. One or more technical schemes provided by the invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The invention provides a construction site BIM modeling method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning, which solve the modeling interference problems caused by data loss and noise introduction due to shielding, combine