CN-121797609-B - Powder turnover auxiliary assembly of 3D printer

CN121797609BCN 121797609 BCN121797609 BCN 121797609BCN-121797609-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to powder turnover auxiliary equipment of a 3D printer, which comprises a powder overflow collecting mechanism for collecting powder overflowed from the 3D printer, a fan unit for outputting high-pressure air to convey the powder and adjusting air quantity, a powder overflow screening mechanism for screening the powder, a screening control module for screening the powder based on the powder volume determination in a powder overflow tank, an oxygen replacement mechanism for introducing and discharging inert gas to control oxygen content, a gas replacement control module for starting a gas replacement process and adjusting the pressure of a powder conveying pipeline, and a cyclone separation assembly for separating the conveyed powder from air. The invention solves the problem that the powder screening efficiency of the 3D printer is unstable and the pipeline is easy to be blocked.

Inventors

ZHOU GUIBING
TIAN SHEBIN
LI BENZHANG
GAN WEIBIAO

Assignees

深圳众智激光科技集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260310

Claims (10)

1. 3D printer powder turnover auxiliary assembly, characterized in that includes: The powder overflow collection mechanism comprises two powder overflow tanks used for collecting printer powder, a first pneumatic butterfly valve and a third pneumatic butterfly valve used for controlling the powder to enter the powder overflow tanks, a second pneumatic butterfly valve and a fourth pneumatic butterfly valve used for controlling the powder in the powder overflow tanks to fall into a fan circulation pipeline, and a first material level sensor and a second material level sensor used for detecting the powder overflow amount in the powder overflow tanks; The overflow powder screening mechanism comprises a screening storage tank for storing powder to be screened, a linear screen for screening powder through an ultrasonic generator, a new powder vehicle for storing screened powder, a large particle tank for storing large-particle-size screened powder, and a third material level sensor and a fourth material level sensor for respectively monitoring the material levels of the screening storage tank and the new powder vehicle; The oxygen replacement mechanism comprises a first charging control valve, a second charging control valve, a third charging control valve, a fourth discharging control valve, a fifth discharging control valve and an oxygen detection device, wherein the first charging control valve is used for charging inert gas, the second charging control valve is used for discharging inert gas, and the oxygen detection device is used for respectively detecting the oxygen content in the powder overflow tank, the filter and the linear screen; the screening control module comprises a first control unit used for determining to open or close the second pneumatic butterfly valve and the fourth pneumatic butterfly valve based on the powder volume in the powder overflow tank, and a second control unit used for determining the wind speed or ultrasonic frequency of a screening pipeline based on the material levels in the new powder truck and the screening storage tank; The gas replacement control module comprises a third control unit and a fourth control unit, wherein the third control unit is used for determining to replace gas based on the result that the detection data of the oxygen detection device is greater than or equal to a preset oxygen content safety threshold value, and the fourth control unit is used for adjusting the pressure of the powder feeding pipeline; The fan unit is used for outputting high-pressure air to convey powder in the closed loop pipeline and adjusting the air quantity according to the volume of the powder; a cyclone assembly comprising a first cyclone tank and a second cyclone tank to separate powder from wind.
2. The 3D printer powder epicyclic auxiliary apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printer powder epicyclic auxiliary apparatus further comprises: The fan pipeline filtering module comprises a filtering bin arranged above a fan pipeline, wherein a filter is arranged in the filtering bin and used for filtering a small amount of powder which is not completely separated in a cyclone separating tank, a clean environment is provided for an air inlet of the fan, filter differential pressure detectors are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the filter to detect the blocking condition of the filter in real time, back blowing is performed based on the result that the detected differential pressure is larger than a preset differential pressure threshold value, and a recovery tank is arranged at the bottom of the filtering bin and used for collecting filtered powder.
3. The 3D printer powder transfer aid of claim 2, wherein the 3D printer powder transfer aid further comprises: and the excess material calculating unit is used for calculating whether the powder in the first cyclone separation tank is enough to be used after the powder feeding process is finished, and opening a tenth pneumatic butterfly valve to feed the powder in a new powder vehicle into the first cyclone separation tank in response to the fact that the powder in the first cyclone separation tank is lower than a preset material level lower limit value.
4. A 3D printer powder turnover auxiliary device according to claim 3, wherein the powder overflow collection mechanism determines to close a first pneumatic butterfly valve and open a second pneumatic butterfly valve based on the result that the powder volume in a first powder overflow tank is greater than or equal to 60% of the first powder overflow tank capacity, and determines to close a second pneumatic butterfly valve and open a first pneumatic butterfly valve based on the result that the powder volume in the first powder overflow tank is less than 60% of the first powder overflow tank capacity; And the powder overflow collecting mechanism determines to close the third pneumatic butterfly valve and open the fourth pneumatic butterfly valve based on the result that the volume of powder in the second powder overflow tank is greater than or equal to 60% of the capacity of the second powder overflow tank, and determines to close the fourth pneumatic butterfly valve and open the third pneumatic butterfly valve based on the result that the volume of powder in the second powder overflow tank is less than 60% of the capacity of the second powder overflow tank.
5. The 3D printer powder turnover auxiliary equipment according to claim 4, wherein the powder overflow collecting mechanism determines a powder feeding volume based on a difference value between detection data of a first material level sensor and a second material level sensor of the powder overflow tank at the beginning and the end of a powder feeding operation, and the gas replacement control module determines the total gas amount in a powder feeding pipeline based on the powder feeding volume by a preset solid-gas ratio, and inputs and discharges inert gas into the powder feeding pipeline so as to maintain the internal pressure of the pipeline within a preset range.
6. The 3D printer powder turnaround assistance apparatus of claim 5, wherein the screening control module determines to open an eighth pneumatic butterfly valve connected thereto to begin a screening operation based on the screening reservoir internal level sensor detecting that the level has reached 60% of the total capacity.
7. The 3D printer powder turnaround assistance apparatus of claim 6, wherein the screening control module determines a real-time screening speed based on a difference between the third level sensor detected level decrease value and a fourth level sensor detected level increase value during a screening operation, and the gas displacement control module adjusts a screening line internal pressure or an ultrasonic frequency based on the real-time screening speed.
8. The 3D printer powder turnaround assistance apparatus of claim 7, wherein the screen control module determines to decrease the ultrasonic frequency based on a result that the real-time screening speed is greater than a preset upper screening speed limit; the decreasing amplitude of the ultrasonic frequency is positively related to the product of the ratio of the real-time screening speed to the preset upper screening speed limit and the first adjustment coefficient, and the increasing amplitude of the wind speed in the screening pipeline is positively related to the product of the ratio of the real-time screening speed to the preset upper screening speed limit and the second adjustment coefficient.
9. The 3D printer powder turnaround auxiliary apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first cyclone tank opens a sixteenth pneumatic butterfly valve connected thereto to supply the 3D printer with powder when receiving the 3D printer operation instruction.
10. The 3D printer powder turnover auxiliary apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filter differential pressure detector detects a differential pressure between an outside of the filter and an inside of the filter when the blower unit is operated, determines to suspend a current operation based on a result that differential pressure detection data is greater than or equal to a preset differential pressure threshold value, and opens the blowback tank, blows powder into an inside of the filter by compressed inert gas in the blowback tank, and blows off a layer of attached powder on an outside of the filter.

Description

Powder turnover auxiliary assembly of 3D printer Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to powder turnover auxiliary equipment of a 3D printer. Background In recent years, the application of the SLM3D printing industry has rapidly developed, and printing equipment has rapidly developed to a large-format, high-stroke and multi-laser direction, which causes the powder demand of the printing equipment to become larger in the working process. The conventional powder circulation flow of the existing equipment is single-machine separation circulation, one to two workers are required to cooperatively operate during powder transportation and powder screening in each flow, the physical labor intensity is high, the metal powder leaks in the circulation process and also pollutes the environment, the risk of occupational diseases is even caused to the body of the operators, the running state of the equipment and the residual quantity of the powder are required to be concerned at any time, the powder is buffered in a powder overflow box, the powder cannot participate in the powder circulation in time, and the powder demand is increased due to low powder utilization rate. CN118306008a discloses a powder sucking, screening and delivering integrated system suitable for printing equipment and 3D printing equipment, which controls a powder sucking device, a transfer station to be screened, a screening device and a powder delivering transfer station to automatically and circularly execute powder sucking operation of the powder sucking device, powder processing operation of the transfer station to be screened, powder sucking and screening operation of the screening device and powder delivering operation of the powder delivering transfer station after triggering an automatic operation signal through a control device. Therefore, the screening efficiency is unstable and the pipeline is easy to be blocked. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides powder turnover auxiliary equipment for a 3D printer, which is used for solving the problem that the powder screening efficiency of the 3D printer in the prior art is unstable and the pipeline is easy to be blocked. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a 3D printer powder turnover auxiliary apparatus, comprising: The powder overflow collection mechanism comprises two powder overflow tanks used for collecting printer powder, a first pneumatic butterfly valve and a third pneumatic butterfly valve used for controlling the printer powder to enter the powder overflow tanks, a second pneumatic butterfly valve and a fourth pneumatic butterfly valve used for controlling the powder in the powder overflow tanks to fall into a fan circulation pipeline, and a first material level sensor and a second material level sensor used for detecting the powder overflow amount in the powder overflow tanks; The overflow powder screening mechanism comprises a screening storage tank for storing powder to be screened, a linear screen for screening powder through an ultrasonic generator, a new powder vehicle for storing screened powder, a large particle tank for storing large-particle-size screened powder, and a third material level sensor and a fourth material level sensor for respectively monitoring the material levels of the screening storage tank and the new powder vehicle; The oxygen replacement mechanism comprises a first charging control valve, a second charging control valve, a third charging control valve, a fourth discharging control valve, a fifth discharging control valve and an oxygen detection device, wherein the first charging control valve is used for charging inert gas, the second charging control valve is used for discharging inert gas, and the oxygen detection device is used for respectively detecting the oxygen content in the powder overflow tank, the filter and the linear screen; the screening control module comprises a first control unit used for determining to open or close the second pneumatic butterfly valve and the fourth pneumatic butterfly valve based on the powder volume in the powder overflow tank, and a second control unit used for determining the wind speed or ultrasonic frequency of a screening pipeline based on the material levels in the new powder truck and the screening storage tank; The gas replacement control module comprises a third control unit and a fourth control unit, wherein the third control unit is used for determining to replace gas based on the result that the detection data of the oxygen detection device is greater than or equal to a preset oxygen content safety threshold value, and the fourth control unit is used for adjusting the pressure of the powder feeding pipeline; The fan unit is used for outputting high-pressure air to circularly convey powder in the closed loop pipeline and adjusting the air quantity according to the volume of the powder; a cyclone assembly comprising