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CN-121802181-B - Method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ore and pyrite

CN121802181BCN 121802181 BCN121802181 BCN 121802181BCN-121802181-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ores and pyrite, and belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting. The method comprises the steps of (1) mixing and crushing copper oxide ore, a reducing agent and a flux to obtain a mixed material, wherein the reducing agent is pyrite concentrate, (2) preprocessing the mixed material obtained in the step (1) to obtain a preprocessed material, and (3) carrying out reduction smelting on the preprocessed material obtained in the step (2) to obtain slag and blister copper. According to the invention, pyrite is used for replacing carbonaceous reducing agent to perform reduction smelting of copper oxide ore to prepare blister copper, so that the environmental protection pressure of copper smelting production units is effectively relieved on the basis of ensuring that blister copper meets the quality requirement, the comprehensive cost of blister copper preparation is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Inventors

  • ZHOU SHIWEI
  • GUO GUOQIN
  • LI BO
  • WEI YONGGANG
  • WANG HUA

Assignees

  • 昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260312

Claims (6)

  1. 1. A method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ore and pyrite is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing and crushing copper oxide ore, a reducing agent and a flux to obtain a mixed material, wherein the reducing agent is pyrite concentrate; the copper oxide ore contains 18-28% of Cu, less than 5% of Fe and less than 5% of S in percentage by mass; the pyrite concentrate contains more than 30% of Fe and more than 35% of S in percentage by mass; The mass ratio of the copper oxide ore to the pyrite concentrate is calculated as CuO in the copper oxide ore to FeS 2 in the pyrite concentrate, feS 2 =2.5-3.0:1; (2) Pretreating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) to obtain a pretreated material; the specific process of the pretreatment is that the mixed materials are heated to 400-500 ℃ and kept for 0.5-1.5h; (3) And (3) carrying out reduction smelting on the pretreated material obtained in the step (2) to obtain slag and blister copper.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the flux is a mixture of quartz and limestone, the addition mass of the quartz is 2% -12% of the mass of the copper oxide ore, and the addition mass of the limestone is 3% -10% of the mass of the copper oxide ore.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the crushed mixture has a particle size of 100-150 meshes.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reduction smelting temperature is 1250-1300 ℃ and the reduction smelting time is 1-3h.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the slag is recycled by crushing and floatation and returned to be subjected to reduction smelting.
  6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the flue gas generated in the steps (2) and (3) is subjected to waste heat recovery and dust collection treatment and then is conveyed to an acid making process to be used as an acid making raw material.

Description

Method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ore and pyrite Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of nonferrous metal smelting, and particularly relates to a method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ores and pyrite. Background Copper is an essential strategic metal and is an indispensable place in modern industrial systems. As a main mineral resource for smelting and obtaining copper, the grade of copper sulfide ores easy to pick and smelt is drastically reduced along with the increase of the copper consumption and the use time, and the risk of increasing exhaustion is faced. Therefore, in order to maintain the supply demand of copper, importance of copper oxide ore resources having a complicated occurrence state and a large grade fluctuation is increasingly highlighted. However, although the conventional hydrometallurgical process (such as leaching-extraction-electrodeposition) can treat a part of copper oxide ores, when facing complex ores with high binding rate of copper oxide ores, high mud content or associated alkaline gangue minerals (such as calcium and magnesium), disadvantages of low leaching efficiency, rapid increase of reagent consumption, difficult solution purification, high solid-liquid separation cost and the like often occur. The pyrometallurgy, in particular the reduction smelting process, has the advantages of strong raw material adaptability, large treatment scale, relatively short flow and capability of directly producing a metal phase product (blister copper), and becomes an important technical direction with potential for treating copper oxide ore resources. Reduction smelting generally utilizes carbonaceous reducing agents (such as coke, coal dust or natural gas) to reduce copper in copper oxide minerals (such as malachite (Cu 2CO3(OH)2), cuprite (Cu 2 O), chalcopyrite (Cu 3(CO3)2(OH)2) and the like) into metallic copper (blister copper) under high temperature and strong reducing atmosphere, and simultaneously gangue components react with fluxes to form molten slag, so that blister copper is prepared by taking copper oxide ores as raw materials. However, in the current process of preparing blister copper by carrying out reduction smelting on copper oxide ores, the problem is that ① carbonaceous reducing agents are easy to cause excessive reduction of impurity elements in the copper oxide ores and even generate simple substances to enter the blister copper, so that the impurity content in the blister copper is increased, meanwhile, slag formed by gangue components (such as SiO 2、Al2O3, caO and MgO) is sticky, the separation effect of the slag and copper is poor, the copper content in the blister copper is low, unqualified blister copper products are easy to appear, more copper enters the slag, more medicament is consumed in the flotation process, the flotation time is longer, and the subsequent slag treatment cost is increased and the treatment efficiency is reduced. ② In the current reduction smelting process, the smelting temperature is usually 1350-1450 ℃, the energy consumption is high, and the corrosion to smelting equipment is high. ③ The carbonaceous reducing agent contains more C elements, so that the flue gas is rich in harmful gases such as high-concentration CO and the like, the difficulty of flue gas treatment is increased, and the environmental protection pressure of smelting production units is increased, and the flue gas treatment cost is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing blister copper by smelting copper oxide ores and pyrite, which reduces the viscosity of slag and improves the separation effect of slag and copper, thereby improving the qualification rate of blister copper products. Meanwhile, the smelting temperature is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the environmental protection pressure of smelting production units is relieved, and the flue gas treatment cost is reduced. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the problems in the background art, pyrite is used for replacing carbonaceous reducing agent to carry out reduction smelting on copper oxide ore to prepare blister copper, the problem that the generation amount of harmful gases such as CO and the like is greatly increased due to consumption of the reducing agent is completely eliminated, environmental protection pressure of smelting production units is relieved, meanwhile, the viscosity and smelting temperature of slag are reduced, the separation effect of slag and blister copper is improved, the purity of blister copper is improved, the reject ratio of blister copper is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the corrosion intensity of the smelting process to equipment is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The invention provides a method for preparing blister copper by