CN-121809107-B - Dam break simulation method, system, medium and terminal for tailing pond

CN121809107BCN 121809107 BCN121809107 BCN 121809107BCN-121809107-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam break simulation method, a dam break simulation system, a dam break simulation medium and a dam break simulation terminal for a tailing pond, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining multi-source heterogeneous space data of a target tailing pond, and carrying out data preprocessing to obtain elevation data; the method comprises the steps of constructing a dual-path geometric model based on preprocessed elevation data, carrying out grid division and operation parameter initialization of the dual-path geometric model, determining a deformation-seepage coupling control equation of the dual-path geometric model, and simulating the coupling evolution process of a deformation field and a seepage field of a target tailings pond based on the dual-path geometric model after grid division until the calculated step length in dam break or coupling calculation parameters of the target tailings pond reaches a preset value. The method fuses multisource geographic information data, adopts multiscale modeling, and realizes dam break simulation of the tailings pond of seepage-deformation whole process coupling.

Inventors

LI SANBAI
LI JINZHUANG
HUANG LINQI
CHEN JIANGZHAN
LI DIYUAN
SU XING
ZHU QUANQI
CAI XIN

Assignees

中南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260306

Claims (8)

1. The dam break simulation method for the tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, acquiring multi-source heterogeneous space data of a target tailing pond, and preprocessing the data to obtain elevation data; s2, constructing a dual-path geometric model based on the preprocessed elevation data, and carrying out grid division and operation parameter initialization of the dual-path geometric model, wherein the dual-path geometric model comprises a two-dimensional section model and a three-dimensional global live-action model, and the operation parameters are mechanism parameters of the two-dimensional section model, space constraint data of the three-dimensional global model and coupling calculation parameters; S3, determining a deformation-seepage coupling control equation of the dual-path geometric model, wherein the deformation-seepage coupling control equation is used for simulating the whole deformation-seepage coupling evolution process of the tailing pond; s4, performing simulation on the coupling evolution process of the deformation field and the seepage field of the target tailings pond based on the double-path geometric model after grid division until the calculation step length in the dam break/coupling calculation parameters of the target tailings pond reaches a preset value; wherein, the deformation field in the deformation-seepage coupling control equation of the dual-path geometric model in the step S3 is set as follows: The calculation formula for converting the pore water pressure into the effective stress is as follows: ; Wherein: 、 Is the direction of a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, Respectively correspond to A direction; is the effective stress tensor; Is the total stress tensor; is a kronecker function; Is pore water pressure; Arbitrary grid node And if the momentum change rate is equal to the external force, the discrete increment form of the node motion equation is as follows: ; Wherein: Is a node Is a concentrated mass of (2); Is a node Speed increment; to calculate a time step; Is a node The sum of the internal forces generated by the effective stresses received, Respectively correspond to A direction; an external force item formed by the total water acting force; Increment of displacement Is updated by the following formula: ; ; ; Wherein: Is a node Is a displacement increment of (2); Is that Time node Is a speed of (2); Is that Time node Is a speed of (2); Is that Time node Displacement of (2); Is that Time node Displacement of (2); Strain increment : ; Wherein, the Is the strain increment; 、 are displacement increment components; The partial derivative of the displacement increment in the coordinate direction; Elastic stress increment The calculation formula is as follows: ; ; ; Wherein, the Is an elastic stress increment; is the shear modulus; is a lame constant; is the strain increment; is a kronecker function; in the form of volume strain increment, in particular pair Summing positive strain increments in three directions; Is the elastic modulus; Is poisson's ratio; the elastic test stress calculation formula: ; Wherein: The stress column vector is at the time t+delta t; the elastic test stress column vector is at the time t+delta t; Is an elastic stiffness matrix; Is the total strain increment; the stress correction formula is: ; Wherein, the The final elastoplastic stress tensor at the time t+delta t; The elastic test stress tensor is t+delta t; Is the incremental tensor of plastic strain; is the plastic volume strain increment; the seepage field in the deformation-seepage coupling control equation of the dual-path geometric model in the step S3 is set as follows: incremental form of the percolation continuity equation: ; Wherein: Is Hamiltonian; Is the permeability tensor; Is hydrodynamic viscosity; is the pore water pressure increment; Is the fluid density; gravitational acceleration; is an elevation increment; Is porosity; is the fluid compression coefficient; delta for source sink item; Volume strain delta for deformation field output; incremental time rate of change for volumetric strain; Seepage velocity: ; in the formula, For darcy's percolation rate, the negative sign indicates the flow rate along the total head decrease direction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-source heterogeneous space data comprises macro-area reference elevation data of an area where the target tailings pond is located downloaded from a geospatial data cloud platform, a mining area CAD elevation data map of the target tailings pond, and topographic data of the target tailings pond obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in S2, the two-dimensional section model is constructed by: s211, performing layer cleaning and redundant element elimination on the preprocessed elevation data to generate a closed dam body profile domain, defining the partition boundaries of each material, and marking the geometric dimensions and elevation parameters of each partition; S212, importing the processed CAD profile into modeling software, setting a stretching thickness meeting the requirement of preset plane strain analysis, and stretching and modeling along the normal direction of the profile by an instruction to obtain a two-dimensional profile model with the preset geometric similarity ratio with the target tailing pond; s213, carrying out grid division on the two-dimensional section model, carrying out grid encryption on a preset key area, and carrying out grid thinning on a non-key area; and S214, evaluating the grid quality based on a preset quality standard, namely if the grid quality does not pass, carrying out local grid refinement/coarsening until the preset standard is met, otherwise, setting boundary conditions of the two-dimensional section model, loading an initial stress field and loading, and completing construction and debugging of the two-dimensional section model.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in S2, the specific construction process of the three-dimensional global live-action model is as follows: s221, importing the elevation data of the pretreated target tailing pond into three-dimensional modeling software, completing the point cloud surface turning, topography gridding and dam body contour fitting operation, constructing a tailing pond universe three-dimensional real scene body model and exporting the model into a data format received by simulation software; S222, finishing model repair and grid reconstruction by simulation software according to the received data, carrying out grid encryption on the dam body and the affected area of the infiltration line, and determining the material partition boundary, the seepage channel and the displacement boundary condition; S223, reserving global topography fluctuation and space correlation characteristics of the tailing pond, and performing global adaptation on the three-dimensional live-action body model, wherein the dual-path geometric model is mutually verified.
5. A tailings pond dam break simulation system for performing the steps of the method of any of claims 1-4, comprising: the data acquisition and preprocessing module is used for acquiring multi-source heterogeneous space data of the target tailing pond and preprocessing the data to obtain elevation data; The dual-path geometric model construction module is used for constructing a dual-path geometric model based on the preprocessed elevation data and carrying out grid division and operation parameter initialization of the dual-path geometric model, wherein the dual-path geometric model comprises a two-dimensional section model and a three-dimensional global real model, and the operation parameters are mechanism parameters of the two-dimensional section model, space constraint data of the three-dimensional global model and coupling calculation parameters; the control equation determining module is used for determining a deformation-seepage coupling control equation of the double-path geometric model, wherein the deformation-seepage coupling control equation is used for simulating the whole deformation-seepage coupling evolution process of the tailing pond; and the simulation module is used for simulating the coupling evolution process of the deformation field and the seepage field of the target tailings pond based on the double-path geometric model after grid division until the calculation step length in the dam break/coupling calculation parameters of the target tailings pond reaches a preset value.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a result analysis and visualization module for performing multidimensional quantitative analysis of the overall process of seepage field, deformation field, mechanical field and dam break on the coupling calculation result, quantifying dam break disaster risk characteristics, and further presenting the calculation result in a two-dimensional and three-dimensional visualization manner.
7. A readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being called by a processor, performs the steps of the method according to any of the claims 1-4.
8. An electronic terminal comprising a processor and a memory, said memory storing a computer program, said processor invoking said computer program to perform the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-4.

Description

Dam break simulation method, system, medium and terminal for tailing pond Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of safety control of tailing ponds in mining engineering, in particular to a method, a system, a medium and a terminal for simulating dam break of a tailing pond. Background The tailing pond is a core auxiliary facility for concentrated storage of tailings after metal and nonmetal mine dressing, has the functions of environmental protection and production, but belongs to a high potential energy dangerous source, and serious casualties, ecological damage and billions of economic losses are easily caused by dam break accidents. Along with the extreme rainfall frequency and mine exploitation intensity upgrading caused by global climate change, the situation of mine tailing pond safety risk prevention and control is increasingly severe, and dam break safety simulation technology becomes a core means of mine tailing pond risk assessment, protection design and emergency disposal. The existing tailing pond safety simulation technology is mainly divided into physical simulation and numerical simulation. In the aspect of dam break scene design, physical simulation mainly builds dam break topography of a tailing pond through equal-proportion scaling, focuses typical causes such as flood top, seepage damage and the like, analyzes characteristic appearance differences in dam break processes under different variables through adjusting parameters such as dam slope, reinforcement layer number and the like, further explores influence of single variables on dam break evolution, and reveals a mechanism, however, physical simulation has the problems of high cost, long period and difficult overcoming of scale effect, and conventional prediction evaluation requirements cannot be met. The numerical simulation method of the tailing pond is a technical process of performing full-digital reconstruction, simulation and prediction on physical and mechanical behaviors of a geological structure, a dam body, a sedimentary beach and tailings in the tailing pond system in a computer by a numerical calculation method such as a finite element method, a finite difference method, a discrete element method, a substance point method or a deep integration method based on basic principles such as solid mechanics, hydrodynamics, porous medium seepage theory and soil mechanics. Numerical simulation becomes the main stream research direction, but the existing numerical simulation technology and related similar technologies have a plurality of technical pain points: (1) The data source is single, the efficient fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data is not realized, for example, the seepage deformation simulation of a reservoir earth and rockfill dam only adopts geological investigation data and design drawings, the flood surging scene construction of a tailing pond only adopts characteristic point data acquired by a total station, the seepage damage simulation of the tailing pond only adopts simple DEM and dam parameters, the three-dimensional seepage calculation of the tailing pond only adopts topographic map Gao Chengdian, CAD wire frames and investigation drilling data, the problems of topography detail deletion, mismatching of engineering sections and real space exist, and the modeling precision is insufficient; (2) The modeling system lacks multi-scale design, the prior art only adopts a single two-dimensional model or a single three-dimensional model, such as two-dimensional seepage analysis, three-dimensional geometric visual modeling, single three-dimensional steady state seepage modeling and the like, and cannot consider the fine analysis of a local slope instability mechanism and the dynamic simulation of global dam break evolution, so that the contradiction exists that the calculation efficiency and the simulation authenticity are difficult to consider; (3) The coupling simulation degree of seepage and deformation is low, the prior art either only establishes a basic fluid-solid coupling equation frame, only performs subsection independent analysis of seepage and structural damage, or only realizes single steady state seepage calculation, has no bidirectional dynamic full coupling mechanism of seepage field and deformation field, cannot reveal the mechanical nature of a dam break of a tailing pond, and breaks the internal connection of a slope instability damage mechanism and a debris flow movement process after the breaking; (4) The simulation scene is single, only single causes such as flood, seepage damage and the like are simulated, only steady-state seepage or apparent dam break process reduction can be realized, the full-chain simulation capability of multiple working conditions and multiple causes is avoided, and the stability of the full life cycle of the tailing pond cannot be predicted and quantitatively estimated in a prospective mode; (5) The technology system is fragmented, most of the prior