CN-121828938-B - Card pressing refrigerating system and card pressing refrigerating method

CN121828938BCN 121828938 BCN121828938 BCN 121828938BCN-121828938-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure card refrigerating system and a pressure card refrigerating method, comprising an injection supercharging device, a cold end multistage bin, a heat regenerator, a high-pressure ball valve, a check valve and a hot end heat exchanger which are connected in sequence, the injection pressurizing device comprises an injector, and a closed cavity structure is arranged in the injector. The multi-stage pressure card working medium with the phase transition temperature gradually increasing from lower than room temperature to room temperature is arranged in the regenerator, stable axial temperature gradient can be formed after multiple cycles, the pressure card working mediums with different phase transition temperatures in the regenerator can all work in respective optimal phase transition temperature areas, and the cold end cooling bin can reach target refrigeration temperature.

Inventors

LIN JIANCHAO
LIU ZHIKANG
TONG PENG
Xiong Tingjiao
LIU KEKE
JIANG RUNJIAN
LI JIA

Assignees

中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260311

Claims (10)

1. A pressure card refrigerating system is characterized by comprising an injection supercharging device, a cold end multistage bin, a heat regenerator, a high-pressure ball valve, a check valve and a hot end heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, wherein the injection supercharging device comprises an injector, a closed cavity structure is arranged in the injector, a large piston and a small piston capable of synchronously reciprocating are arranged in the cavity, a sealing ring is fixed in the cavity, the large piston, the sealing ring and the small piston divide the cavity into a first oil cavity, a second oil cavity, an air cavity and a heat exchange fluid cavity, the first oil cavity or the second oil cavity is filled with oil and can drive heat exchange fluid in the heat exchange fluid cavity to move towards or away from the cold end multistage bin, the cold end multistage bin comprises a radiator, and the cold end heat exchange bin, the cold end relaxation bin and the cold end bin which are sequentially connected and are arranged in an S shape, the upper side and the lower side of the cold end heat exchange bin are respectively provided with the radiator, the hot end heat exchanger is positioned in a heat radiation area formed between the two hot end radiators, the heat regenerator is internally provided with a multistage pressure card working medium with a phase change temperature which is gradually increased from being lower than the room temperature to the room temperature, the heat regenerator is far more than the width of the heat regenerator, the heat exchange fluid can drive the heat exchange fluid in the heat regenerator to move towards the cold end multistage pressure card to the room temperature in the cold end heat regenerator for multiple times, and the heat exchange fluid can reach the optimal temperature in the cold end temperature phase change gradient after the heat regenerator temperature and the heat exchange fluid has different temperatures.
2. The card pressing refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the cavity comprises a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel, the large piston and the small piston are respectively arranged in the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel in a sliding manner, the sealing ring is fixedly arranged in the second fluid channel, the end face of the sealing ring and one end of the first fluid channel facing the second fluid channel are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the large piston is fixedly connected with the small piston through a connecting rod penetrating through the sealing ring.
3. The pressure card refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the injection pressurizing device further comprises a hydraulic station, the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet of the hydraulic station are respectively connected with the first oil filling port and the second oil filling port of the injector through a hydraulic oil filling pipe and a hydraulic pressurizing pipe, and the first oil filling port and the second oil filling port are respectively communicated with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity.
4. The card pressing refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the cavity is fixedly connected with a limit baffle, the limit baffle is positioned in the air cavity, and the injector is provided with an air hole communicated with the air cavity.
5. The pressure card refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein two cold-end heat exchange bins are provided, and the cold-end heat exchange bin, the cold-end relaxation bin and the cold-end cold bin are all multi-stage spiral pipelines.
6. The press-fit refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the cold end relaxation bin and the cold end cold bin are coated with heat insulation cotton, and the cold end heat exchange bin, the cold end relaxation bin and the cold end cold bin are provided with thermometers.
7. A card pressing refrigeration system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first fluid passage diameter is greater than the second fluid passage diameter.
8. The card pressing refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein a cold end heat exchange bin inlet and outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the cold end heat exchange bin connected with the injector, and a cold end cold bin inlet and outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the cold end cold bin connected with the regenerator.
9. The pressure card refrigerating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat regenerator comprises a detachable fixed end cover and a pressure-resistant shell, a heat regenerator sealing ring is arranged in a connecting surface of the end cover and the pressure-resistant shell, a pressure-resistant cavity is formed by enclosing the end cover and the pressure-resistant shell, a plurality of layers of partition boards are detachably connected in the pressure-resistant cavity, and pressure card working media are arranged between the adjacent partition boards.
10. A method for refrigerating by pressing card, characterized in that the system for refrigerating by pressing card according to any one of claims 1-9 is used, the first or second oil cavity is filled with oil to make heat exchange fluid reciprocate in the regenerator and the cold end cold bin for multiple times, so that the pressing card working media with different phase transition temperatures in the regenerator work in the respective optimal phase transition temperature areas, and the cold end cold bin reaches the target refrigerating temperature.

Description

Card pressing refrigerating system and card pressing refrigerating method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of card pressing refrigeration, in particular to a card pressing refrigeration system and a card pressing refrigeration method. Background The refrigeration technology is used as a key technology for supporting the operation of the modern society, and is indispensable in various fields such as food cold chains, medical refrigeration, heat dissipation of electronic products and the like. The gas compression refrigeration cycle widely used at present relies on the gas-liquid phase change of the refrigerant to transfer heat, but its application is accompanied by a series of significant problems. Firstly, the most outstanding is the environmental pressure, the commonly used refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, fluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon have serious harm to the ecological environment, and secondly, although the gas refrigeration technology is mature, the theoretical energy efficiency has the upper limit, the actual operation energy consumption is higher, and the method is not suitable for the targets of energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, the gas system is complex in structure and covers a plurality of components such as a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, an expansion valve and the like, the failure rate is relatively high, and the maintenance cost is also relatively high. To break through the limitations of the conventional technology, researchers have come to pay attention to new paths for refrigeration based on solid state phase change. The technology utilizes an external field (such as a magnetic field, an electric field or a stress field) to drive the solid material to generate phase change, realizes cooling by means of latent heat absorption in the phase change process, and has the advantages of zero carbon emission, high theoretical efficiency (70% of Carnot efficiency) and the like. In many solid-state refrigeration schemes, because of the outstanding refrigeration parameters of the pressure card working medium (taking NPG and solid-liquid phase change system as examples, isothermal entropy change is close to gaseous working medium, and is improved by 1 order of magnitude compared with the traditional phase change refrigeration material), the development of the pressure card refrigeration technology is particularly interesting in recent years. The excellent performance of the pressure card working medium provides an important basis for the research and development of the pressure card refrigerating system. The pressure card refrigerating system is a complex system which relates to multi-field coupling of a pressure field, a temperature field and a flow field, wherein the pressure field is generally provided by a hydraulic system, the periodic application of pressure can enable a pressure card working medium to absorb heat and release heat periodically, in the process, a heat exchange working medium needs to have a matched periodic flow to directionally convey heat to the hot end of a heat regenerator, and cold energy is directionally conveyed to the cold end, so that a temperature gradient can be gradually established in the heat regenerator, and the gradual temperature drop of the cold end is realized. At present, although the formal report of the pressure card refrigerating system in the literature is not seen, the related patent is laid out in China from 2021. The prior art path is mainly divided into two types, 1) the scheme does not depend on liquid pressure transmission, a pressure card working medium is used as a pressure transmission medium, the scheme mainly has the problems that an ultrahigh pressure system is needed, the working medium is unevenly pressed, the heat exchange efficiency is low, because the solid is not good pressure transmission medium, the pressure card working medium is low in heat conductivity, an independent working medium cabin is large, the characteristics of the independent working medium cabin are not beneficial to heat dissipation in order to bear pressure, and 2) the scheme of liquid pressure transmission can effectively solve the problems of uneven pressure and unsmooth heat dissipation, such as a room temperature pressure card refrigerator based on the pressure heating effect disclosed in patent publication No. CN113587489A, but the scheme involves a complex heat transmission loop and a large number of high-pressure valves, and can bring great operation cost and failure rate to the system, and meanwhile, the scheme has heat disturbance to a cold end. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a pressure card refrigerating system which has low cost and simple structure and can effectively inhibit the thermal disturbance of a hydraulic system to a cold end. The pressure card refrigerating system comprises an injection pressurizi