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CN-121846921-B - Special membrane material for targeted trapping of clam larvae in water and preparation method thereof

CN121846921BCN 121846921 BCN121846921 BCN 121846921BCN-121846921-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a special membrane material for targeted trapping of marsh clam larvae in water and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of water environment biological pollution control. The membrane material is a multi-layer composite structure and comprises a nanofiber membrane substrate layer, an interface adhesion layer and a functional modification layer. The interface adhesion layer is a bionic coacervate gel formed by solidifying hydrophobic polyelectrolyte and phytic acid, and the functional modification layer is covalently grafted with a bionic adhesion protein active peptide segment and a clam larva semiochemical. The material actively attracts larvae to approach through semiochemicals, and utilizes bionic peptide segments rich in aromatic and cationic amino acids to realize high-strength adhesion capture, thereby integrating trapping. The preparation method comprises the steps of electrostatic spinning of a substrate, surface activation, gel coating, functional modification and the like. The material has high selectivity and high capture rate to the clams, is environment-friendly, long-acting and stable, and is suitable for green prevention and treatment of the pollution of the clams in facilities such as water pipelines, pump stations and the like.

Inventors

  • Gao Zhuofan
  • ZHANG GAN
  • LIU SHULI
  • HUANG ZHUO
  • LIU HONGWEI
  • XIANG YUAN
  • Han Baihui
  • ZHANG JINLONG

Assignees

  • 长江水利委员会长江科学院
  • 中山大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260317

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A special membrane material for targeted trapping of clam larvae in water, which is characterized by a multilayer composite structure, comprising: a nanofiber membrane substrate layer; the interface adhesion layer is coated on the substrate layer, and is bionic coacervate gel formed by mixing and solidifying hydrophobic polyelectrolyte and phytic acid; the functional modification layer is fixed on the interface adhesion layer through chemical bonding and comprises a covalently grafted bionic adhesion protein active peptide segment and a semiochemical for attracting the clams larvae; Wherein, in the amino acid sequence of the bionic adhesion protein active peptide segment, the total molar content of aromatic amino acid and cationic amino acid is not less than 40 percent, and the sequence comprises a repeating unit selected from (YR) n, (FK) n or a combination thereof, wherein Y represents tyrosine, F represents phenylalanine, R represents arginine, K represents lysine, and n is an integer of 2-10.
  2. 2. The special membrane material for targeted trapping of the giant clam larvae in water according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiber membrane substrate layer is made of polyolefin copolymer, and the fiber diameter is 200-500 nm.
  3. 3. The special membrane material for targeted trapping of the giant clam larvae in water according to claim 1, wherein the phenyl monomer content of the hydrophobic polyelectrolyte in the interfacial adhesion layer is 15-30 mol%, the mass mixing ratio of the hydrophobic polyelectrolyte to the phytic acid is 1:1, and the thickness of the interfacial adhesion layer is 5-10 μm.
  4. 4. The special membrane material for targeted trapping of the giant clam larvae in water according to claim 1, wherein the bionic adhesion protein active peptide is derived from a podophyllotoxin of limnoperna lacustris, the semiochemical is a purine nucleoside, and the purine nucleoside comprises one or more of uridine, guanine, adenine, inosine, adenine nucleoside and inosine.
  5. 5. A method for preparing a special membrane material for targeted trapping of clam larvae in water according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: S1, preparing a base material, namely preparing a polyolefin copolymer nanofiber membrane by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology; s2, surface activation treatment, namely carrying out surface chemical modification on the nanofiber membrane, and introducing epoxy active groups; S3, constructing an interface adhesion layer, namely coating a mixed gel precursor solution of a hydrophobic polyelectrolyte and phytic acid on the surface of the activated substrate, and curing to form the interface adhesion layer; And S4, performing functional modification, namely performing amidation reaction by using carboxyl groups on the surface of the interface adhesion layer and using carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide as condensing agents, and performing covalent grafting on the bionic adhesion protein active peptide segment and the semiochemical for attracting the clams to the interface adhesion layer to obtain the special membrane material.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the electrostatic spinning process comprises the steps of spinning solution concentration 10-15 wt%, voltage 15-25 kV and receiving distance 15-20 cm.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane is used as an activating agent, and the nanofiber membrane is immersed at room temperature for 2-4 hours.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the curing condition is natural curing at room temperature for 24 hours.
  9. 9. A method for preparing a special membrane material for targeted trapping of clam larvae in water according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: S1, preparing a base material, namely preparing a polyolefin copolymer nanofiber membrane by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology; s2, surface activation treatment, namely carrying out surface chemical modification on the nanofiber membrane, and introducing epoxy active groups; S3, constructing an interface adhesion layer, namely coating a mixed gel precursor solution of a hydrophobic polyelectrolyte and phytic acid on the surface of the activated substrate, and curing to form the interface adhesion layer; s4, functional modification, namely covalent grafting of the bionic adhesion protein active peptide segment and the semiochemical for attracting the clams to the interface adhesion layer by using active groups generated by activating the interface adhesion layer through thiol-ene click chemical reaction to obtain the special membrane material.
  10. 10. Use of the special membrane material for targeted trapping of the clams in water according to any one of claims 1-4 for controlling the fouling of clams in water pipelines and pumping stations.

Description

Special membrane material for targeted trapping of clam larvae in water and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of water environment biological pollution control, in particular to a special functional membrane material for actively and targeted trapping of larvae of limnoperna fortunei (clams) and a preparation method thereof. Background The freshwater mussel (commonly called as clams) is a freshwater fouling organism which is widely invaded in the global scope, and larvae of the freshwater mussel can freely live in water and are easily attached to the inner walls of water conservancy infrastructure such as water pipelines, pump stations, hydropower station cooling systems and the like to form a compact biofouling layer. The large-scale adhesion can not only severely reduce the water cross section of the pipeline, increase the water flow resistance and lead to the rapid rise of energy consumption, but also accelerate the local corrosion and perforation of the metal pipeline, and form a permanent threat to water supply safety, energy efficiency and facility life. Therefore, the development of the efficient and environment-friendly clam larva control technology has important significance for guaranteeing the safety of a water network and reducing the operation and maintenance cost. At present, the control technology system for the clam larvae is mainly divided into three major categories, namely a physical method, a chemical method and a biological ecological method. The physical control technology mainly comprises (1) turbulent flushing and mechanical cleaning methods, namely, peeling off attached individuals or preventing the attachment of the attached individuals by utilizing the hydraulic shearing action through artificially manufacturing high flow rate or vortex. The method is highly dependent on specific water flow dynamics conditions, has poor effect in low-flow-rate pipe sections or complex structures, and has huge energy consumption. (2) Physical filtration and adsorption, i.e. mechanical interception of larvae by using a filter screen or porous material. The method is simple and direct, is extremely easy to block, needs frequent cleaning or replacement, has high maintenance cost, and has limited interception efficiency on early larvae with extremely small volumes (such as the body length of <0.2 mm). (3) thermal treatment methods, such as injection of high temperature water to kill. The method has high one-time investment and narrow application range, and can generate adverse thermal shock to pipeline materials and water ecological systems. Chemical control technology is the most widely used method at present, and the core is to add oxidizing biocides (such as chlorine and ozone) or heavy metal ions (such as copper ions). Although the method can effectively kill larvae, the inherent defects of the method are that firstly, a broad-spectrum bactericide kills pests and simultaneously kills other beneficial microorganisms in a water body indiscriminately to destroy local ecological balance, secondly, residual chemical agents and disinfection byproducts (such as trihalomethane) possibly generated can migrate along with the water body to cause secondary pollution and threaten downstream water quality safety and drinking water sanitation, and furthermore, the long-term use is easy to induce the generation of drug resistance of clams, so that the dosage of the agents is continuously increased and the clams fall into vicious circle. Biological and ecological control technologies represent a green development direction and mainly include (1) antifouling coating technologies that passively prevent the attachment of organisms by applying a coating with low surface energy or release of biological inhibitors to the surface of the facility. However, existing coatings are mostly "proof" and lack active removal of large numbers of planktonic larvae that have entered the facility, and the coatings present wear, failure and potential environmental toxicity risks. (2) Leading edge technologies such as gene regulation and the like are still in a laboratory exploration stage, and ecological risks, technical feasibility and regulation permission of the leading edge technologies face huge uncertainties, so that the leading edge technologies are difficult to put into practical engineering application in a short period. In summary, the prior art has obvious short plates that the physical method is limited by working conditions and high operation and maintenance cost, the chemical method is accompanied with environmental pollution and ecological risks, and the emerging green technology has the problems of single function or immature technology. At present, a subversion solution which can actively, accurately and efficiently capture the larva of the clams in water and has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, strong working condition adaptability and long-acting