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CN-121854245-B - Fuel stamping propulsion system and method

CN121854245BCN 121854245 BCN121854245 BCN 121854245BCN-121854245-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of engine propulsion systems, and particularly relates to a fuel stamping propulsion system and a fuel stamping propulsion method. The fuel stamping propulsion system comprises a fuel storage tank and a self-pressurization control device, wherein the fuel storage tank is wound outside a high-temperature fuel flow passage of an engine, n partition plates are arranged in the fuel storage tank, the fuel storage tank is divided into n+1 sub-tank storage tanks along the axial direction of the engine by the n partition plates, each partition plate is provided with a communication control valve for communicating adjacent sub-tank storage tanks, and the self-pressurization control device comprises a pressurization part and a supply part. The invention fully utilizes the advantages of easy gasification phase change of ammonia and large heat sink, greatly reduces the complexity of an engine supply pipeline by utilizing the technical method of ammonia self-pressurization, gets rid of additional devices such as a fuel pump, a power battery and the like, realizes the great simplification of a punching propulsion system by simple self-pressurization control, and meets the structural heat protection and system use requirements of higher Mach numbers.

Inventors

  • PAN YU
  • YANG KAI
  • WANG NING
  • ZHAN TAOTAO
  • LI XIPENG
  • CHEN JIAN
  • JIANG TAO

Assignees

  • 中国人民解放军国防科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20250731

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A fuel ram propulsion system, characterized by comprising a fuel tank (1) and a self-pressurization control device (2); The fuel storage tank (1) is wound outside a high-temperature fuel gas flow passage (31) of the engine (3), n partition plates (11) are arranged in the fuel storage tank (1), n is more than or equal to 2, the n partition plates (11) divide the fuel storage tank (1) into n+1 sub-tank (12) along the axial direction of the engine (3), and each partition plate (11) is provided with a communication control valve (13) for communicating adjacent sub-tank (12); The self-pressurization control device (2) comprises a pressurization part and a supply part, wherein the pressurization part comprises an outlet branch (21), a heat exchange part (22) and a pressurization branch (23) which are sequentially communicated, the outlet branch (21) is connected with n+1 sub-tank (12) through a reversing valve I (25), the pressurization branch (23) is connected with n+1 sub-tank (12) through a reversing valve II (24), and the heat exchange part (22) exchanges heat with a high-temperature fuel gas flow channel (31); the supply part comprises a fuel main path (26) led out from the pressurizing branch path (23) and a fuel control valve (261) arranged on the fuel main path (26), and an outlet of the fuel main path (26) is arranged in a combustion section (311) or an isolation section of the engine (3).
  2. 2. A fuel ram propulsion system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the fuel tank (1) is provided with an unloading valve (14).
  3. 3. A fuel ram propulsion system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the heat exchanger (22) is arranged at a position upstream of the regenerative cooling channel (33) of the engine (3).
  4. 4. A fuel ram propulsion system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the self-pressurizing control means (2) further comprises a control portion; The control part comprises a temperature sensor I (211), a pressure sensor I (212), a one-way valve I (213) and a flowmeter (214) which are arranged on the outlet branch circuit (21); The control part also comprises a one-way valve II (231), a temperature sensor II (232) and a pressure sensor II (233) which are arranged on the pressurizing branch circuit (23); The control section further includes a temperature sensor III (262) and a pressure sensor III (263) provided on the fuel main passage (26).
  5. 5. The fuel ram propulsion system of claim 4, wherein the control section further includes a temperature sensor IV (215) and a pressure sensor IV (216) disposed on an inlet side of the outlet leg (21) proximate the heat exchange section (22).
  6. 6. A fuel ram propulsion system as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the self-pressurising control means (2) further comprise a shut-off valve (28) arranged upstream of the reversing valve II (24) in the pressurising branch (23).
  7. 7. The fuel ram propulsion system of any of claims 1-3, 5, 6, wherein the engine (3) comprises a high temperature fuel gas runner (31), a thermal barrier coating (32), a regenerative cooling runner (33), an inner thermal barrier layer (34) and an outer thermal barrier layer (35) arranged in that order from inside to outside; The inner heat insulation layer (34) and the outer heat insulation layer (35) are provided with a space, and the space forms the fuel storage tank (1).
  8. 8. The fuel stamping propulsion system according to claim 7, characterized in that the partition plate (11) is an annular plate, an inner ring of which is fixedly connected with an outer wall of the inner heat insulation layer (34), and an outer ring of which is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the outer heat insulation layer (35).
  9. 9. A fuel ram propulsion method, characterized by using the fuel ram propulsion system of any one of claims 1-8, comprising a fuel self-pressurization process and a fuel supply process; The fuel self-pressurization flow comprises the following steps: the n sub-tank storage tanks (12) comprise 1 common variable pressure cabin and n-1 standby constant pressure cabin; S1, when an engine (3) starts to work, a heat exchange part (22) absorbs heat on the wall surface of a high-temperature fuel gas flow channel (31) to boost the fuel (4), the boosted fuel (4) sequentially passes through a boosting branch (23) and a reversing valve II (24) and then flows into a common variable pressure cabin to boost the fuel (4) in the common variable pressure cabin, and at the moment, the fuel (4) in the common variable pressure cabin flows into an outlet branch (21) through a reversing valve I (25) to circulate; S2, when the common variable pressure chamber reaches the set pressure, the pressurizing branch (23) and the outlet branch (21) are communicated with the next standby constant pressure chamber through controlling the reversing valve I (25) and the reversing valve II (24); S3, after the standby constant pressure cabin reaches the set pressure, the pressurizing branch (23) and the outlet branch (21) are communicated with the common variable pressure cabin through controlling the reversing valve I (25) and the reversing valve II (24); s4, if n is equal to 2, entering a step S2; If n is greater than 2, the step S2-step S4 is circulated, and n-1 standby constant pressure cabins are pressurized in sequence; In the whole fuel self-pressurization flow, when the temperature of the high-temperature gas flow channel (31) corresponding to the heat exchange part (22) is increased, the heat absorption capacity of the heat exchange part (22) is increased, the pressurizing capacity of the sub-tank (12) is enhanced, at the moment, the flow in the pressurizing part is increased, the temperature of the high-temperature gas flow channel (31) corresponding to the heat exchange part (22) is reduced, and the heat absorption capacity of the heat exchange part (22) is reduced, so that the circulation is realized, and the self-adaptive negative feedback regulation is realized; The fuel supply flow includes the steps of: when it is necessary to spray the fuel (4) into the high-temperature gas flow path (31), the fuel control valve (261) is opened, and the pressurized fuel (4) flows into the high-temperature gas flow path (31) through the fuel main path (26).
  10. 10. The fuel stamping propulsion method according to claim 9, characterized in that in the fuel self-pressurization process, corresponding cooling of different positions of the high-temperature fuel gas flow channel (31) is achieved by determining the set pressure and the set temperature of each sub-tank (12).

Description

Fuel stamping propulsion system and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of engine propulsion systems, and particularly relates to a fuel stamping propulsion system and a fuel stamping propulsion method. Background The main function of the ram propulsion system is to provide reliable power for high speed aircraft, the core component of which is an air-breathing power device typically represented by a ram engine. When the engine works, huge heat load is faced, the total air flow temperature in the combustion chamber can reach 2800K at the flight speed Ma6, the heat flow of the wall surface of the engine is as high as 3MW/m <2 >, the bearing limit of the existing materials is far exceeded, and how to realize reliable structural heat protection becomes a core bottleneck of an advanced ram propulsion technology. The adoption of fuel regeneration cooling becomes a preferred scheme for solving the problem of difficult heat protection of an engine structure. The hydrocarbon fuel cracking heat sink can reach 3.2MJ/kg, and the heat protection requirement of the engine during the Ma8 flight is barely met, but the serious problem that the high-temperature coking is serious and the cooling flow passage of the engine is easy to be blocked exists. Ammonia (NH 3) is used as a clean hydrogen-rich fuel, pure pollution-free nitrogen and hydrogen can be generated by pyrolysis under the high temperature condition, the total heat sinking can be further increased to more than 6MJ/kg by reaction heat absorption, the cooling requirement of Ma10 under the flight condition is met, the advantages of no weaker heat release capability and no carbon emission of hydrocarbon fuel are achieved, great application potential is provided in the aspect of high mach number propulsion, and hydrogen and ammonia can be used as alternative fuels of traditional fossil energy sources by means of existing organization. However, the critical temperature of ammonia gas is low (405.6K), which is far lower than the structural temperature of a general aeroengine, and the critical pressure is high (11.28 MPa), which is higher than the pressure required by conventional supply management, so that the ammonia fuel absorbs heat and is easy to generate phase change, a supply management and control system with complex redundancy is required to be designed for realizing reliable supply of the fuel, and great difficulty is brought to the fuel supply of an actual engine. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the fuel stamping propulsion system, which fully utilizes the advantages of easy gasification phase change of ammonia and large heat sink, greatly reduces the complexity of an engine supply pipeline by utilizing the technical method of ammonia self-pressurization, gets rid of additional devices such as a fuel pump, a power battery and the like, realizes the great simplification of the stamping propulsion system by simple self-pressurization control, and meets the structural heat protection of higher Mach numbers and the use requirements of the system. The invention provides a fuel stamping propulsion system, which comprises a fuel storage tank and a self-pressurization control device; the fuel storage tank is wound outside a high-temperature fuel gas flow passage of the engine, n partition plates are arranged in the fuel storage tank, n is more than or equal to 2, the n partition plates divide the fuel storage tank into n+1 sub-tank storage tanks along the axial direction of the engine, and each partition plate is provided with a communication control valve for communicating adjacent sub-tank storage tanks; The self-pressurization control device comprises a pressurization part and a supply part, wherein the pressurization part comprises an outlet branch, a heat exchange part and a pressurization branch which are sequentially communicated, the outlet branch is connected with n+1 sub-tank storage tanks through a reversing valve I, the pressurization branch is connected with n+1 sub-tank storage tanks through a reversing valve II, and the heat exchange part exchanges heat with a high-temperature fuel gas flow passage; The supply part comprises a fuel main path led out by the pressurizing branch and a fuel control valve arranged on the fuel main path, and an outlet of the fuel main path is arranged in a combustion section or an isolation section of the engine. In one embodiment, an unloading valve is provided on the fuel tank. In one embodiment, the heat exchange portion is disposed at a position upstream of a regenerative cooling flow path of the engine. In one embodiment, the self-boosting control device further includes a control section; the control part comprises a temperature sensor I, a pressure sensor I, a one-way valve I and a flowmeter which are arranged on the outlet branch; the control part also comprises a one-way valve II, a temperature sensor II and a pressure sensor II which are