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CN-121856025-B - Metal stretching device with strain compensation function and micro-deformation measuring method

CN121856025BCN 121856025 BCN121856025 BCN 121856025BCN-121856025-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material deformation measurement, and in particular relates to a metal stretching device with a strain compensation function and a micro-deformation measurement method, which comprise a mounting table and two support columns which are arranged at the top of the mounting table at intervals, wherein a suspended platform, a tension sensor and two clamps are vertically and sequentially arranged between the two support columns; and the two groups of second air cylinders are respectively connected with two ends of the traction rope and are connected with the air source assembly. The invention increases the stretching effect when the test piece is deformed, is used for compensating the deformation amount when the test piece is deformed, enhances the continuity of load transmission, and can improve the stability and data consistency of the experimental process.

Inventors

  • DONG ZHEN
  • JIN SHU
  • GOU YANGYANG
  • SUN JU
  • ZHAO SHUANGSHUANG
  • LIU SHUAI
  • WANG YUNXIAO
  • TANG JIAN

Assignees

  • 辽宁中科力勒检测技术服务有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a metal stretching device of strain compensation function, includes mount table (2) and interval install in two support column (3) at mount table (2) top, two vertical unsettled platform (4), tension sensor (5) and two anchor clamps (6) of having set gradually between support column (3), mount table (2) outside is provided with the air supply subassembly that is used for anchor clamps (6) to press from both sides tightly, be provided with the drive assembly who is used for unsettled platform (4) vertical movement on mount table (2), its characterized in that still includes: the two supporting wheels (15) are respectively arranged at two ends of the suspended platform (4), and traction ropes (16) are arranged at the bottoms of the two supporting wheels (15); two groups of second air cylinders (17) are respectively connected with two ends of the traction rope (16), and the two groups of second air cylinders (17) are connected with an air source assembly; A load plate (18) disposed between the drive assembly and the second cylinder (17); When the test piece is deformed, the second air cylinder (17) lifts the traction rope (16) along the traction direction of the two clamps (6) under the pressure effect provided by the air source assembly, the two supporting wheels (15) and the suspension platform (4) drive the two clamps (6) to be far away from each other and are used for compensating the deformation amount of the test piece during deformation, and the tensioning difference degree at the two ends of the traction rope (16) is used for reflecting the offset degree of the adjacent supporting wheels (15).
  2. 2. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 1, wherein the traction rope (16) is folded into two sections relative to the bottom of the supporting wheel (15), strain gauges (23) are fixed on the outer sides of the two sections of the traction rope (16), and when the tension on the two sections of the traction rope (16) is different, the degree of the difference is used for reflecting the deviation degree of the adjacent supporting wheels (15); A level sensor (24) is arranged between the two groups of second cylinders (17), and when the detection value of the level sensor (24) is not zero, the lifting amounts of the piston rods of the two groups of second cylinders (17) are different; when the absolute value of the detection value of the level sensor (24) exceeds a preset threshold value, an alarm signal is triggered, and the alarm signal is used for indicating that two groups of second cylinders (17) need to enter a calibration state.
  3. 3. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 1, wherein the end part of the traction rope (16) is sequentially connected with a hinge seat (19) and a movable plate (20), a guide pipe (21) and a wing plate (22) are arranged on the movable plate (20) at intervals, the guide pipe (21) is used for being connected with a driving assembly, and the bottom of the wing plate (22) is connected with a piston rod of a second cylinder (17); when the second air cylinder (17) moves the movable plate (20), the traction rope (16) changes the angle of the traction rope relative to the movable plate (20) along the hinge shaft of the hinge seat (19).
  4. 4. A metal stretching device with a strain compensation function according to claim 3, wherein a concave seat (25) is fixed on the top of the movable plate (20), an elastic film (26) is installed between two adjacent movable plates (20) through the concave seat (25), and the elastic film (26) is used for calibrating the horizontal state between the two adjacent movable plates (20); When the lifting amounts of the piston rods of the two groups of second cylinders (17) are different, the horizontal state of two adjacent movable plates (20) is broken, and the elastic membrane (26) is inclined relative to the horizontal plane.
  5. 5. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 1, wherein the clamp (6) comprises a connecting rod (601), a base (602) and jaws (603) which are vertically and sequentially connected, the jaws (603) are in a concave opening shape, two first air cylinders (604) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the concave opening, piston rods of the two first air cylinders (604) extend out of the interior, and piston rods of the two first air cylinders (604) are connected with clamping plates (605); when the air source assembly supplies air, the piston rods of the two first air cylinders (604) drive the two clamping plates (605) to be close to each other until the two clamping plates (605) clamp a test piece, and the clamping plates are used for providing preset clamping force.
  6. 6. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 5, wherein a flange plate (606) is arranged on the outer side of the jaw (603), a supporting piece (607) and a locking plate (608) are arranged at one end of the flange plate (606) far away from the adjacent jaw (603) at intervals, and a limiting rod (609) is inserted between the supporting piece (607) and the locking plate (608); When the test piece is clamped, the limiting rod (609) extends to the outside of the interval between the two adjacent clamping plates (605) in a folded shape and is used for horizontally limiting the test piece.
  7. 7. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 5, wherein the air source assembly comprises an air tank (8) arranged outside the mounting table (2) and a compressor (7) connected with the air tank (8), an air outlet of the air tank (8) is sequentially connected with an air pipe (10) and an electric air valve (9), the air pipe (10) is communicated with the first air cylinder (604), and the electric air valve (9) is in signal connection with two foot switches (11); The pressing-in-place signal of one foot switch (11) is used for controlling the electric air valve (9) to be turned into an open state, and the pressing-in-place signal of the other foot switch (11) is used for controlling the electric air valve (9) to be turned into a closed state.
  8. 8. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises a screw rod (13) and a guide rail (14) for guiding a second air cylinder (17) to lift, wherein the screw rod (13) and the guide rail (14) are arranged on the mounting table (2) at intervals, the screw rod (13) and the guide rail (14) extend into the adjacent support columns (3), a brake motor (12) is connected to the bottom of the screw rod (13) in a transmission manner, and the loading plate (18) is connected with threads on the outer side of the screw rod (13) through threaded holes; When the lead screw (13) rotates positively, the lead screw (13) lifts the loading plate (18) and the second air cylinder (17), and the second air cylinder (17) drives the traction rope (16) to lift the supporting wheel (15) and the suspension platform (4); When the screw rod (13) is reversed, the screw rod (13) lowers the loading plate (18) and the second air cylinder (17), and the second air cylinder (17) drives the traction rope (16) to lower the supporting wheel (15) and the suspension platform (4).
  9. 9. The metal stretching device with the strain compensation function according to claim 1, wherein a top cross beam (27) is connected between the tops of the two support columns (3), a hanging ring (28) is arranged on the outer side of the top cross beam (27), and a shutter (29) is arranged on one side, close to each other, of each of the two support columns (3) in a sliding manner; The two ends of the suspended platform (4) are penetrated through the shutter (29), and when the suspended platform (4) is lifted, the shutter (29) is used for reducing dust entering the opening of the support column (3).
  10. 10. A method for measuring metal stretching micro-deformation with a strain compensation function, which is applied to the metal stretching device with the strain compensation function as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: before the test piece is deformed, the distance sensor detects the relative height value of the loading plate (18), and the relative height value is defined as ; When the test piece is deformed, compressed air in the second air cylinder (17) expands, the traction rope (16) is lifted along the traction direction of the two clamps (6), and the two supporting wheels (15) and the suspension platform (4) drive the two clamps (6) to be away from each other so as to compensate the deformation amount of the test piece when the test piece is deformed until the test piece is restored to a preset load state; Meanwhile, the tension of the traction ropes (16) is monitored, a tension difference threshold is set, and if the absolute value of the tension difference of the two traction ropes (16) exceeds the tension difference threshold, the controller sends information for reminding a worker to replace the traction ropes (16); If the absolute value of the tension difference of the two traction ropes (16) does not exceed the tension difference threshold value, a distance sensor is started, and the loading plate (18) is recorded in Relative height value of time of day At this time, the deformation of the test piece in the vertical direction is calculated by the relative height value, and the deformation of the test piece is set as ; And detecting the deformation quantity of each deformation of the test piece through the distance sensor until the test piece breaks, combining the deformation quantity data with time, and drawing a forming variable-time curve for reflecting the deformation degree of the test piece in different moments in a tensile state.

Description

Metal stretching device with strain compensation function and micro-deformation measuring method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of material deformation measurement, and particularly relates to a metal stretching device with a strain compensation function and a micro-deformation measurement method. Background The tensile test of the metal material can directly or indirectly obtain a series of key indexes for determining the application characteristics of the material, such as elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength and the like, by analyzing the tensile curve, wherein the elastic modulus is used for measuring the difficulty of elastic deformation of the material, can reflect the inherent rigidity of the material and determines the elastic displacement of the part under the stress. In the existing metal bar stretching experiment, a stretching device drives a screw rod through a brake motor to drive two clamp stretching test pieces, for example, a metal bar stretching experiment device disclosed in China patent publication No. CN120992318A is searched, when a sliding block ascends, a nylon rope pulls a piston ring to extrude air in a second empty chamber to enter the first empty chamber through a groove, a supporting rod is pushed to apply an upward pushing force to the sliding block, the metal rod can be prevented from damaging a thread groove of a high-precision screw rod through downward force applied to the surface of the sliding block by a cross beam, the precision of the high-precision screw rod is reduced, and when the sliding block slides downwards, a gear is pushed to rotate through the clamping of a ratchet wheel and a pawl, so that the high-precision screw rod is prevented from being influenced to continuously drive the sliding block to slide downwards. At the initial stage of a stretching experiment, after the test piece reaches a deformation condition, the test piece starts to slightly yield, and at the moment, the instant stretching force applied to the test piece is reduced due to the fact that the screw rod keeps constant feeding speed, and the test piece cannot be matched with the load required by material deformation. The existing thrust adjustment mechanism is difficult to effectively compensate the tension loss at the stage, can influence the continuity of load transmission, and has adverse effects on the stability and data consistency of the experimental process. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a metal stretching device with a strain compensation function and a micro-deformation measuring method, which can increase the stretching effect when a test piece is deformed, and are used for compensating the deformation amount when the test piece is deformed, enhancing the continuity of load transmission and improving the stability and data consistency of an experimental process. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: The utility model provides a metal stretching device of strain compensation function, includes mount table and interval installation in two support columns at mount table top, two vertical unsettled platform, tension sensor and two anchor clamps of having set gradually between the support column, the mount table outside is provided with the air source subassembly that is used for anchor clamps to press from both sides tightly, be provided with the drive assembly who is used for unsettled platform vertical movement on the mount table, still include: the two supporting wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the suspended platform, and traction ropes are arranged at the bottoms of the two supporting wheels; two groups of second air cylinders are respectively connected with two ends of the traction rope, and the two groups of second air cylinders are connected with an air source assembly; the load plate is arranged between the driving assembly and the second cylinder; When the test piece is deformed, the second cylinder lifts the traction cable along the traction direction of the two clamps under the pressure effect provided by the air source assembly, the two supporting wheels and the suspension platform drive the two clamps to be away from each other and are used for compensating the deformation amount of the test piece when being deformed, and the tensioning difference degree at the two ends of the traction cable is used for reflecting the offset degree of the adjacent supporting wheels. As an alternative scheme, the traction cable is folded into two sections relative to the bottom of the supporting wheel, strain gauges are fixed on the outer sides of the two sections of the traction cable, and when tension forces on the two sections of the traction cable are different, the degree of the difference is used for reflecting the deviation degree of the adjacent supporting wheels; a horizontal sensor is arranged between the two groups of second cylinders, and when the detection value of the horizon