CN-121865285-B - Wireless networking method for sea area ecological monitoring terminal

CN121865285BCN 121865285 BCN121865285 BCN 121865285BCN-121865285-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sea area monitoring wireless networking, and discloses a sea area ecological monitoring terminal wireless networking method, which comprises the steps of constructing a whole network space-time spectrum database through node holographic calibration and sea area space-time combined spectrum mapping, dynamically dividing coastal, offshore and offshore three sea areas by combining tide, storm and other environmental factors, executing differential clustering and topology rules in each area, matching a special routing prediction factor of the sea area, adapting the multipath fading characteristic caused by sea water reflection, simultaneously, enabling the offshore area to return by satellite to cooperate with topology to avoid network island risk, realizing dynamic cooperation access by heterogeneous networks instead of simple backup, combining a networking architecture with sea area time-varying environment depth, considering the communication requirements and transmission stability of different sea areas, setting dynamic weights according to the service priority of emergency alarm, conventional monitoring and log reporting by constructing a service, and channel and energy three-dimensional combined routing cost function, and guaranteeing low-time delay transmission of high-priority service.

Inventors

WANG PENG
Huo Meiqing
Sun Bingbo
YU WEIGANG
SONG DAPENG
LIU GANG
YU XIAOYAN
YU LINGYU
XIA GUANGQIANG
WANG LIQIANG

Assignees

青岛恒海盛海洋科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260317

Claims (8)

1. A wireless networking method for a sea area ecological monitoring terminal is characterized by comprising the following steps: In the initialization stage, after the networking monitoring terminal is powered on, node holographic calibration is completed, each node executes sea area space-time combined spectrum mapping and interference prediction and synchronizes related data, and a whole network initial space-time spectrum database is constructed by summarizing a shore-based edge gateway; In the dynamic clustering construction stage, the shore-based edge gateway executes dynamic partitioning and heterogeneous clustering based on a full-network space-time spectrum database and node holographic calibration data, sea area areas are divided according to channel quality, node density and service requirements, boundaries are dynamically adjusted, topology construction of each area is completed according to a differential clustering rule, and clustering results are synchronized to a shore-based gateway and a cloud platform; In the cross-domain routing decision stage, each cluster head starts route discovery and constructs an end-to-end route path, adopts a channel prediction and service perception dual-drive dynamic routing mechanism, constructs a route cost function by combining service priority and sets a sea area special prediction factor, and selects a main and standby transmission path and synchronizes route information to related nodes; in the resource scheduling stage, the shore-based gateway is used for overall planning, each cluster head is used for performing distributed time-frequency resource scheduling, the service priority is divided, and differentiated scheduling is performed based on the whole network spectrum database, so that the whole network resource collaborative configuration is completed; In the dormancy control stage, the whole network node executes a differentiated dormancy rule according to a topological role, and dynamically adjusts a dormancy period by combining service priority, energy state and channel prediction to realize inter-cluster time sequence coordination in clusters; in the self-healing reconstruction stage, the full-network nodes monitor the link health degree in real time, a collaborative self-healing reconstruction mechanism based on digital twin prediction is constructed, the fault risk is predicted, a hierarchical self-healing plan is set, and pre-reconstruction before the fault and distributed reconstruction after the fault are realized; And in the optimization management stage, the shore-based gateway acquires the whole network data and uploads the whole network data to the cloud end, yun Bianduan is executed to cooperate with the closed loop optimization of the whole life cycle, the networking core parameters and the related prediction model are iterated and optimized, and a node operation and maintenance early warning list is generated.
2. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the initialization stage, node holographic calibration is four-dimensional calibration, the node holographic calibration comprises node inherent attribute, state attribute, channel environment prediction attribute and heterogeneous network access attribute, each node completes spectrum scanning and interference detection in a sea communication available frequency band, the characteristic of a sea area specific interference source is identified, a spectrum interference prediction map and a local space-time spectrum database are generated, calibration information and local spectrum data are synchronized to a shore-based edge gateway through a control channel, and the shore-based edge gateway gathers to form a whole network initial space-time spectrum database.
3. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the dynamic clustering construction stage, a shore-based edge gateway adopts a dynamic partitioning and heterogeneous clustering mechanism driven by a time-varying environment, the sea area is dynamically divided into three areas of an offshore high coverage area, an offshore relay area and an open sea sparse area, partition boundaries are adjusted in real time along with changes of the sea area environment and interference, each area executes a differential clustering rule, the offshore high coverage area adopts a cluster star-shaped and inter-cluster meshed hybrid topology, cluster scales are dynamically adjusted, a main cluster head and a backup cluster head are selected, the offshore relay area adopts a chain type clustering and cross-cluster redundant topology, a chain type cluster structure is constructed along an offshore distance gradient, cross-redundant relay links are reserved, adaptive nodes are selected as cluster heads and gateway nodes, the open sea sparse area adopts a redundant relay cluster and satellite backhaul cooperative topology, the cluster scales are dynamically controlled, the inter-cluster bridging is realized through multi-hop relay nodes, the main cluster head integrates a satellite communication module and reserves a satellite backup link, and the backup head is configured in a low standby state.
4. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the cross-domain routing decision stage, a channel prediction and service perception dual-drive cross-layer cross-domain dynamic routing mechanism is adopted, link parameters and service priority information are collected, a service, channel and energy three-dimensional joint routing cost function is constructed, dynamic differentiation weights are set according to service priorities, a sea area special multipath fading allowance factor and a link available time length prediction factor are set in the routing cost function, link interruption risk is predicted based on a space-time spectrum database, a path with the minimum cost is selected as a main transmission path, paths with node overlap ratio not exceeding a preset threshold and different communication modes are selected as backup paths, low priority services are switched in advance when the interruption risk of the main path is predicted to exceed the threshold, the main and backup routing information is synchronized, and a maintenance routing table is updated.
5. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 4 is characterized in that in the resource scheduling stage, monitoring services are divided into three levels according to priority, a space-time joint dynamic multiplexing mechanism is adopted to allocate channels, marine available frequency bands are divided into a plurality of time-frequency resource blocks, channel space-time multiplexing is achieved based on a spectrum interference prediction map, corresponding channels are allocated according to service priority, temporary multiplexing and collision-free avoidance of idle windows of authorized channels are achieved, a TDMA self-adaption mechanism is adopted to schedule time slots, special, self-adaption and competition type differentiation time slots are allocated for different priority services, time slot aggregation and channel optimal scheduling are adopted for low-power-consumption nodes in the open sea, a shore-based gateway is adopted to overall interference coordination, and each cluster head broadcasts scheduling results to nodes in a cluster to complete the cooperative allocation of whole network resources.
6. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 5 is characterized in that in the sleep control stage, all network nodes adopt a channel, service and energy three-dimensional collaborative self-adaptive sleep and wake-up mechanism, a differential sleep rule is executed according to topological roles, common nodes in a cluster are only waken up in an allocation time slot, a sleep period is adjusted in a linkage mode based on service priority, residual energy and channel prediction results, backup cluster heads and main cluster heads adopt peak-staggering wake-up, adjacent cluster head wake-up windows are arranged in a peak-staggering mode, the main cluster heads are in normal shallow sleep and monitor control channels, in an emergency state, sea area ecological related parameters and network operation parameters monitored by the nodes are switched to shallow sleep when approaching an early warning threshold, the nodes are switched to high-frequency wake-up after being triggered, the normal state is restored after emergency release, the cluster heads broadcast all network sleep and wake-up time sequence information, and the node wake-up windows are ensured to be aligned.
7. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that in the self-healing reconstruction stage, a shore-based edge gateway collects the state of all network nodes, link quality, environmental data and service transmission data in real time, a sea area networking digital twin mirror image is built at a cloud end and maps the state of all network cores in real time, various fault risks are predicted and classified self-healing reconstruction plans are generated in advance based on the predicted data predicting network state changes, three-level early warning and fault classification mechanisms based on link health are set, route optimization, backup route activation and pre-adjustment actions of topology reconstruction are performed in a classified mode corresponding to different early warning levels, and under the early warning and fault states, the nodes autonomously execute the self-healing plans and cross-cluster distributed reconstruction, report information and update cloud mirror images and all network information after reconstruction is completed.
8. The wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal according to claim 7 is characterized in that in the optimization management stage, a cloud platform identifies network performance bottlenecks based on whole network data, a federal learning framework is adopted to build a distributed networking optimization model, a shore-based edge gateway trains a local distributed optimization model based on the managed sea area data, model parameters are only uploaded to the cloud, cloud aggregation parameters generate a global optimization model and are issued to each shore-based edge node and the whole network monitoring terminal node, a sea area special networking knowledge base is formed based on the global model iteration optimization networking core parameters and related prediction models, a node operation and maintenance early warning list is generated through a cloud digital twin system, and newly added nodes are supported to automatically enter the network and complete whole network configuration synchronization.

Description

Wireless networking method for sea area ecological monitoring terminal Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless networking for sea area monitoring, and particularly relates to a wireless networking method for a sea area ecological monitoring terminal. Background The sea area ecological monitoring terminals are widely distributed in different sea areas such as offshore, offshore and open sea and are used for real-time monitoring of scenes such as water quality parameters, hydrological weather, marine life, oil spill red tide emergency and the like, the deployment scenes have the characteristics of wide distribution, severe environment, limited node power supply, severe wireless channel time variation and large service priority difference, the current sea area monitoring terminals are mainly provided with three schemes, and obvious core defects exist: The cellular mobile communication networking is used for covering an offshore area through a shore-based 4G/5G network, an open sea area is not effectively covered, the terminal power consumption is high, and the cellular mobile communication networking is not suitable for long-term deployment nodes of open sea powered by batteries; secondly, a short-distance wireless ad hoc network is constructed based on land scene protocols such as LoRa, zigBee and the like, the complex environment characteristics of sea areas are not adapted, the complex environment characteristics are influenced by sea water reflection, tidal waves and maritime communication interference, multipath fading is serious, a traditional fixed routing and clustering mode is easy to cause network congestion of offshore networks and network islands formed by open sea nodes, a fixed dormancy mechanism cannot meet the requirements of low power consumption and emergency low time delay, and a passive fault processing mechanism of the networking mode is easy to cause key monitoring data loss; The satellite communication networking can realize open sea global coverage, but has high communication cost, high terminal power consumption and high transmission delay, and cannot support the normalized networking and high-frequency data transmission of a large-scale monitoring terminal. The prior art does not realize the deep combination of the sea area time-varying environment and the networking architecture, the static clustering mode cannot adapt to the dynamic change of the channel, the heterogeneous network fusion is only simple backup redundancy, the dynamic collaborative access capability is not available, and the problem of insufficient networking stability and coverage capability caused by the sea area complex time-varying environment is difficult to solve. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a wireless networking method for a sea area ecological monitoring terminal, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the wireless networking method of the sea area ecological monitoring terminal comprises the following specific steps: preferably, the initialization phase is specifically as follows: after all the monitoring terminals to be networked are electrified, four-dimensional node holographic calibration is completed, wherein inherent attributes comprise node geographic positions, power supply types, monitoring service types and hardware communication capacity, state attributes comprise initial residual energy, tide and weather real-time data of the current position and node real-time load; The heterogeneous network sets access priority according to the principle of self-networking priority, cellular supplement and satellite bottom-approaching, and sets dynamic triggering rules according to channel quality and sea area, wherein an offshore high coverage node is accessed to the self-networking network preferentially, when the health degree of a self-networking link is less than 0.6, the self-networking network is automatically switched to cellular communication, an offshore relay area node takes the self-networking network as a core, a chain cluster link adopts the cellular communication as redundancy, a cellular communication standby link is immediately activated when the self-networking link is interrupted, an open sea sparse area node is accessed to the self-networking network to complete intra-cluster communication, inter-cluster and shore-based backhaul are accessed to the cellular communication preferentially, and only when the satellite link fails and the node is positioned in an offshore 50km area, the switching of all heterogeneous networks is uniformly triggered by a cluster head, the channel synchronization is completed before the switching, and no loss of data is ensured. After calibration is completed, each node starts sea area space-time combined spectrum mapping and interference prediction, scans the time domain occupancy rate, the fre