CN-121970565-A - Nurse type sowing method and special sowing machine thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sowing, and relates to a nurse type sowing method, which comprises the following steps of S1, mixing seeds, nutrient soil, sand, a soil conditioner, a water retaining agent and water to prepare pellets, S2, covering the outer surfaces of the pellets with breathable films, and S3, planting the pellets in the soil to enable the upper surfaces of the pellets to be flush with the surface of the soil. The invention also relates to a special seeder, which comprises a frame, wherein the frame is provided with a seed supply mechanism, a feed mechanism, a seed pill machine, a film covering mechanism, a ditching shovel, a seed dropping pipe and the like. According to the invention, the low-strength breathable film is covered on the outer surface of the seed pellet, so that the water-retaining and breathable requirements are met, the soil covering link is canceled during sowing, the upper surface of the pellet is flush with the ground surface, the problems of soil hardening and seedling ejection caused by covering rainwater are avoided mechanically, the seedling emergence rate and the seedling emergence uniformity under the conditions of severe saline-alkali soil and the like are remarkably improved, the operation cost of film breaking, seedling placement and hardening prevention is reduced, and the mechanized and standardized landing of a thicknesswise sowing method is realized.

Inventors

• HUANG HAIQUAN
• HUANG YUANZHEN
• QU YUGE
• GUO JIAXIN
• GUO JIANING
• LI MAOMAO
• HUANG YUNA
• HUANG YUTING
• ZHOU SHIHENG

Assignees

• 黄海泉

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260324

Claims (10)

1. 1. The nurse sowing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, mixing seeds, nutrient soil, sandy soil, soil conditioner and water retention agent with water to prepare pellets; S2, covering an air-permeable film on the outer surface of the pill, wherein air holes are formed in the air-permeable film; S3, planting the pellets in the land, and enabling the upper surfaces of the pellets to be flush with the surface of the land.
2. 2. The method for guarsey seeding according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil is humus soil.
3. 3. The method for thiuram type seeding according to claim 2, wherein the soil conditioner is desulfurized gypsum.
4. 4. The method for thistle-type seeding according to claim 3, wherein the weight percentage of the nutrient soil in the pellets is 25%, the weight percentage of the sandy soil is 50%, the weight percentage of the soil conditioner is 3%, the weight percentage of the water-retaining agent is 2%, and the weight percentage of the water is 20%.
5. 5. The method for thiuram seed sowing according to claim 4, wherein the pellets have a spherical or cylindrical structure, the vent holes are opened upward, and the diameter of the pellets is 3-4cm.
6. 6. The method for nursing and seeding according to claim 5, wherein the breathable film is made of degradable material, the thickness of the breathable film is 0.004-0.006mm, and the diameter of the air holes is 8-10mm.
7. 7. The special seeder comprises a frame, and is suitable for the nurse sowing method according to any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that a seed supply mechanism, a feed mechanism, a seed pill machine, a film covering mechanism, a ditching shovel, a seed dropping pipe and a height limiting piece are arranged on the frame, the seed supply mechanism and the feed mechanism are connected with a feed inlet of the seed pill machine, the seed pill machine is used for making pills, a discharge outlet of the seed pill machine is connected with a feed inlet of the film covering mechanism, the film covering mechanism is used for covering a breathable film on the outer side of the pills, a discharge outlet of the film covering mechanism is connected with the seed dropping pipe, the seed dropping pipe penetrates through the frame and extends downwards, the ditching shovel is arranged at the bottom of the frame and is positioned in front of the seed dropping pipe, the height limiting piece is arranged at the bottom of the frame and is positioned at the rear of the seed dropping pipe, and the height limiting piece is made of flexible materials and is pressed downwards to the ground.
8. 8. The special seeder as set forth in claim 7, wherein the frame is further provided with a pressing wheel, and the pressing wheel is disposed at the bottom of the frame and behind the height limiting piece.
9. 9. The special seeder as set forth in claim 7, wherein the discharge port of the seed pelleting machine is provided with a shaping screen.
10. 10. The special seeder of claim 7, wherein the frame is of a traction type structure, a traction frame is arranged at the front end of the frame, wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the frame, pulse encoders are arranged on the wheels and are used for collecting rotating speeds of the wheels, the pulse encoders are in communication connection with a central controller, and the central controller receives rotating speed signals of the wheels and controls the wheels, the seed supply mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the seed pellet machine and the film covering mechanism to synchronously act.

Description

Nurse type sowing method and special sowing machine thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of sowing, and particularly relates to a nurse type sowing method and a special sowing machine thereof. Background The saline-alkali soil and desertification soil in China are widely distributed, the area is wide, and the special soil has the outstanding problems of poor water and fertilizer retention capability, easy hardening, low crop emergence rate, serious seedling emergence phenomenon and the like. Especially under the condition of severe saline-alkali soil (relatively sticky soil), if rainfall is encountered or irrigation is carried out after sowing, compact and hard crust is easy to form on the surface soil, so that young seedlings are difficult to land on the top to break the soil layer and smoothly land out, and a series of problems such as field seedling lack, ridge breakage, seedling conservation, survival difficulty and the like are caused. The traditional seeding operation usually takes ditching, earthing and compacting as core operation flows, seeds are deeply buried under soil layers, and the seeds completely depend on the soil jacking capability of the seeds to break through a covering layer so as to realize seedling emergence. However, under the double constraints of physiological stress of a saline-alkali environment and physical obstruction of a soil plate layer, the emergence rate and the emergence uniformity of seeds are often difficult to be effectively ensured, and the stability and the yield potential of crop production are seriously affected. In order to effectively cope with and overcome the problem of emergence under the adverse conditions, the agricultural science and technology field gradually explores and develops various technical paths and solutions, including innovative agronomic directions such as seed pelleting treatment, functional seed coating technology, film-covered sowing cultivation mode, no-soil-covering or shallow-soil-covering sowing and the like. However, most of the currently widely used sowing machinery is designed to either conventional untreated bare seed or conventional dry coated seed with deep buried soil as a default standard mode of operation. The traditional machine is difficult to adapt to and match with special and advanced agricultural technical requirements such as large-particle-diameter wet pelleting seeds, microporous degradable low-strength coating materials, requirement that the upper surface of the pellets is positioned flush with the ground surface, requirement of real-time pelleting and synchronous real-time sowing. Because of the lack of effective coordination and matching between the agricultural machinery and the agricultural technology, many advanced cultivation technology methods cannot realize high-efficiency and large-scale mechanized application and popularization, so that the practical floor effect and benefit exertion of the technologies in saline-alkali soil and sandy soil improvement and agricultural production are limited. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a nurse-type sowing method and a special sowing machine thereof for solving the problem of seedling emergence obstacle in environments such as saline-alkali soil, arid sand and the like. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The nurse sowing method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing seeds, nutrient soil, sandy soil, soil conditioner and water retention agent with water to prepare pellets; s2, covering the outer surface of the pill with a breathable film, wherein the breathable film is provided with ventilation holes; s3, planting the pellets in the land, so that the upper surfaces of the pellets are flush with the surface of the land. In order to better realize the invention, the structure is further optimized, and the nutrient soil is humus soil. In order to better realize the invention, the structure is further optimized, and the soil conditioner is desulfurized gypsum. In order to better realize the invention, the structure is further optimized, wherein the weight ratio of nutrient soil in the pellets is 25%, the weight ratio of sand is 50%, the weight ratio of soil conditioner is 3%, the weight ratio of water-retaining agent is 2%, and the weight ratio of water is 20%. In order to better realize the invention, the structure is further optimized, the pellets are in a spherical or cylindrical structure, the vent holes are upwards opened, and the diameter of the pellets is 3-4cm. In order to better realize the invention, the structure is further optimized, the breathable film is made of degradable materials, the thickness of the breathable film is 0.004-0.006mm, and the diameter of the ventilation holes is 8-10mm. The special seeder comprises a frame, a seed feeding mechanism, a seed pellet machine, a film covering mechanism, a ditching shovel, a seed fal