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CN-121970579-A - Double-airflow-motor small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device

CN121970579ACN 121970579 ACN121970579 ACN 121970579ACN-121970579-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-airflow-power-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and comprises a seed supply mechanism, a pressure-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, a seed cleaning mechanism, a seed feeding mechanism and a driving mechanism. The seed feeding mechanism drives seeds to orderly move in the seed box through the optimized design of the seed box structure and the addition of the reciprocating auxiliary seed stirring component, stable and orderly seed feeding is realized, the pressure-stabilizing seed sucking mechanism forms a small outside and a large inside conical opening through designing the inverted conical seed sucking hole, the suction force of air flow is increased when the air flow passes through the seed sucking hole, the seeds can be better adsorbed, the blockage of the seed sucking hole is avoided, meanwhile, the stability of the air flow entering the seed sucking shaft from the seed sucking hole is improved through the pressure-stabilizing air inlet shaft, the consistency of the negative pressure distribution of the seed sucking hole on the seed sucking barrel is improved, the seed feeding mechanism adopts a closed air-blowing mode to realize efficient seed feeding, the suction force of the seed sucking opening to the center is weakened through a closed air block, and meanwhile, the efficient and rapid falling of the seeds is realized through the high-pressure air flow from the inside of the seed sucking barrel, and the consistency of the seed feeding distance is realized.

Inventors

  • DONG XIANGQIAN
  • CHEN ZHENHAN
  • GAO SHILI
  • WANG JICHENG

Assignees

  • 中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260330

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device is characterized by comprising a seed supply mechanism, wherein a voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the seed supply mechanism, a seed cleaning mechanism is arranged above the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, a seed feeding mechanism is arranged below the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, and the device further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the seed supply mechanism and the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism to work.
  2. 2. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 1, wherein the seed feeding mechanism comprises a seed box (101), a seed box left bracket (110) and a seed box right bracket (111) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the seed box (101), the seed box left bracket (110) and the seed box right bracket (111) are arranged on the pressure-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, and an auxiliary seed stirring component is arranged in the seed box (101).
  3. 3. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary seed stirring assembly comprises a screw rod (104) arranged above the seed box (101), a bidirectional thread is arranged on the screw rod (104), a screw rod sliding block (108) is connected to the screw rod (104) in a threaded mode, a feed beam (105) is arranged above the screw rod (104), a feed beam sliding block (106) is arranged on the feed beam (105), a seed stirring fixing seat (107) is arranged on one side of the screw rod sliding block (108) and one side of the feed beam sliding block (106), and a seed stirring rod (109) is arranged below the seed stirring fixing seat (107).
  4. 4. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device according to claim 3, wherein the pressure-stabilizing seed suction mechanism comprises a left vertical plate (201) and a right vertical plate (208), a seed suction component is rotatably arranged between the left vertical plate (201) and the right vertical plate (208), the seed suction component comprises a seed suction barrel (203), a left barrel end cover (202) and a right barrel end cover (207) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the seed suction barrel (203), the left barrel end cover (202) and the right barrel end cover (207) are respectively rotatably arranged on the left vertical plate (201) and the right vertical plate (208), a seed suction chamber is formed between the seed suction barrel (203), a pressure-stabilizing air inlet shaft (204) is arranged in the seed suction chamber, and a seed suction shaft (205) is arranged on the right side of the pressure-stabilizing shaft (204).
  5. 5. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 4, wherein the seed suction barrel (203) is of a thin-wall annular structure, and a main body of the seed suction barrel (203) is provided with single-row or multi-row seed suction holes according to seed metering requirements.
  6. 6. The precise seed metering device for seeds with small particle diameters by using a double-airflow electric drive method according to claim 5, wherein the seed sucking holes are of an inverted cone structure, and the outer side size of the seed sucking holes is small, and the inner side size of the seed sucking holes is large.
  7. 7. The dual-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 4, wherein the pressure-stabilizing air inlet shaft (204) is of a hollow shaft structure, and round holes with different apertures are formed in the pressure-stabilizing air inlet shaft.
  8. 8. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 4, wherein the seed cleaning mechanism comprises a seed cleaning air shaft (301), the seed cleaning air shaft (301) is arranged above the seed suction barrel (203), and a plurality of seed cleaning needles (303) are arranged below the seed cleaning air shaft (301).
  9. 9. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 4, wherein the seed metering mechanism comprises a seed metering air shaft (401), the seed metering air shaft (401) extends into the seed suction chamber and is connected with an air pipe (403), an air pressure distribution block (404) is arranged at the other end of the air pipe (403), a seed metering needle (408) is arranged below the air pressure distribution block (404), a seed metering needle head (408) is arranged at an air outlet at the bottom of the air pressure distribution block (407), an inoculation bucket seat (410) is arranged between the left vertical plate (201) and the right vertical plate (208), a plurality of inoculation buckets (409) are arranged on the inoculation bucket seat (410), the inoculation buckets (409) are positioned under the seed suction barrel (203), and the seed metering needle head (408) is positioned over the inoculation buckets (409).
  10. 10. The double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device of claim 4, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (501), the driving motor (501) is arranged on the left vertical plate (201), the driving motor (501) drives the seed suction barrel (203) to rotate through a first transmission assembly, and the seed suction barrel (203) drives the lead screw (104) to rotate through a second transmission assembly.

Description

Double-airflow-motor small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device Technical Field The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a double-airflow electric-drive small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device. Background Precision sowing of small-grain-size seeds (capsicum, tomato, rape, cabbage and the like) is a key link for realizing mechanization of vegetable production, but the special physical characteristics of the precision sowing device bring various challenges to sowing. The small-particle-size seeds have the characteristics of large particle-size variation coefficient (usually more than 15%), light weight (thousand-grain weight is only 1.5-4.5 g), irregular shape (low sphericity) and the like, so that the mobility of seed groups is poor in the seed sowing process, bridging phenomenon is easy to occur, and the seed supply stability is seriously influenced. At present, a pneumatic seed discharging mode is adopted for seeds with small particle sizes, and the seeds need to be adsorbed on a seed metering disc against gravity. Because the seed quality is light, the critical adsorption negative pressure is difficult to accurately control, the negative pressure is insufficient to cause seed suction failure (miss seeding), and the hole blockage is easy to occur due to the excessive negative pressure and the hole blockage is difficult to remove after the hole blockage. The air suction type seed metering device relies on the disappearance of negative pressure to realize seed feeding, but small-sized seeds are easy to influence a seed feeding track due to small mass and weak inertia due to air flow disturbance, so that the consistency of seed distances is poor. Patent application number CN202310997250.6 discloses a "pneumatic small-grain seed anti-blocking hole seeding apparatus", and this patent proposes to have fused high-pressure water gun injection and positive pressure air blowing technical scheme, but the device structure is complicated, and the energy consumption is higher (compared with traditional pneumatic increase 25% power consumption), and the water gun easily causes seed caking under humidity >80% environment. Patent application number is patent CN201310488122.5 discloses a 'pneumatic drum type precision seed metering device suitable for multi-shape small-grain seeds', which adopts the cross arrangement of an axial seed suction air groove and a radial seed suction groove, and seed suction air holes are arranged at the cross points. The double seed scraping line system is adopted, wherein an upper seed scraping line is positioned at the top of the seed stack to remove redundant seeds, and a lower seed scraping line is positioned at the middle part of the seed stack to promote secondary seed filling. The seed sucking disc is complex in structure, and the situation that the seed throwing distance is inconsistent easily occurs in a seed throwing mode that the air is broken and the dead weight of seeds is adopted. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a double-airflow-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device, which solves the problems of poor seed supply stability, easy blocking of holes and poor seed feeding consistency of small-particle-size seeds in air suction seed metering. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention discloses a double-airflow-electricity-driven small-particle-size seed precise seed metering device, which comprises a seed supply mechanism, wherein a voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the seed supply mechanism, a seed cleaning mechanism is arranged above the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, a seed throwing mechanism is arranged below the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, and the device also comprises a driving mechanism for driving the seed supply mechanism and the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism to work. Further, the seed supply mechanism comprises a seed box, a left seed box bracket and a right seed box bracket are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the seed box, the left seed box bracket and the right seed box bracket are arranged on the voltage-stabilizing seed suction mechanism, and an auxiliary seed stirring component is arranged in the seed box. Still further, supplementary seed stirring subassembly is including setting up the lead screw of seed case top, be provided with two-way screw thread on the lead screw, threaded connection has the lead screw slider on the lead screw, the top of lead screw is provided with the smooth, be provided with the smooth slider on the smooth, the lead screw slider with one side of smooth slider is provided with the seed stirring fixing base, the below of seed stirring fixing base is provided with the seed stirring pole. Still further, steady voltage is inhaled kind of mechanism includes left riser a