CN-121970582-A - Self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing

CN121970582ACN 121970582 ACN121970582 ACN 121970582ACN-121970582-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with an adjustable planting row spacing, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a driving device, two seedling guide cylinders, two mounting boxes and two planting assemblies, wherein the top end of each seedling guide cylinder is fixedly arranged below a seedling conveying mechanism, a seedling receiving opening is formed in the top end of each seedling guide cylinder, the bottom end of each seedling guide cylinder can transversely move relative to the top end of each seedling guide cylinder so as to be close to or far away from the top end of each seedling guide cylinder, the bottom end of each seedling guide cylinder is connected with each mounting box, the bottom end of each seedling guide cylinder is provided with a seedling outlet, a seedling guide channel is formed in each seedling guide cylinder, each planting assembly is arranged on each mounting box, each planting assembly comprises a planting device, and the driving device can provide power for the two mounting boxes to be close to or far away from each other when the planting device is arranged at a seedling receiving position.

Inventors

ZHANG XIUHUA
Xue Runmiao
KONG DEGANG
LI QINGYUN
Meng Fa
ZHANG BOWEN

Assignees

河北农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (10)

1. The self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing is characterized by comprising a driving device, two seedling guiding cylinders, two mounting boxes and two planting assemblies; The seedling guiding barrels are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting boxes, the top ends of the seedling guiding barrels are fixedly arranged below the seedling conveying mechanisms, seedling receiving openings are formed in the top ends of the seedling guiding barrels and used for receiving seedlings thrown by the seedling conveying mechanisms, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding barrels are arranged below the top ends of the seedling guiding barrels, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding barrels can transversely move relative to the top ends of the seedling guiding barrels so as to be close to or far away from the top ends of the seedling guiding barrels, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding barrels are connected with the mounting boxes, seedling outlet openings are formed in the bottom ends of the seedling guiding barrels, and seedling guiding channels are formed in the seedling guiding barrels and can communicate the seedling outlet openings with the seedling receiving openings; The planting assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting boxes, the planting assemblies are arranged on the mounting boxes, the planting assemblies comprise planting devices, the planting devices can move to seedling receiving positions, and the planting devices can receive seedlings thrown from the seedling emergence openings when placed at the seedling receiving positions; The two installation boxes can be close to each other or far away from each other, the drive device is in transmission connection with the two installation boxes, and the drive device can provide power for the two installation boxes to be close to each other or far away from each other.
2. The planting row spacing adjustable self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the seedling guiding barrel comprises an upper section and a lower section, the upper section is fixedly arranged below the seedling conveying mechanism, the seedling receiving opening is formed in the top end of the upper section, the lower section is arranged below the upper section, the top end of the lower section is hinged with the bottom end of the upper section, the bottom end of the lower section is hinged with the mounting box, and the length of the lower section can be changed.
3. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 2, wherein the bottom end of the upper section is provided with a limiting protrusion, the top end of the lower section is provided with a spherical raceway, the limiting protrusion is arranged in the spherical raceway, and the spherical raceway can rotate relative to the limiting protrusion.
4. The planting row spacing adjustable self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism according to claim 3, wherein a retainer is fixedly sleeved on the limiting protrusion, a plurality of constraint grooves are formed in the retainer, rolling balls are arranged in the constraint grooves, can be constrained in the constraint grooves and can rotate in the constraint grooves, and the rolling balls can be in contact with the inner side walls of the spherical roller paths.
5. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 2, wherein the lower section comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the top end of the inner sleeve is hinged with the bottom end of the upper section, the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve can move upwards or downwards relative to the inner sleeve, and the bottom end of the outer sleeve is hinged with the mounting box.
6. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 5, wherein an annular limiting part is arranged on the outer side wall of the bottom end of the inner sleeve, an annular limiting flanging is arranged at the top end of the outer sleeve, and the annular limiting part can prevent the annular limiting flanging from moving downwards.
7. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 2, wherein the upper section comprises a funnel section and a mounting section, the inner side wall of the funnel section gradually contracts inwards from top to bottom, the funnel section is arranged above the mounting section, the bottom end of the funnel section is fixedly connected with the top end of the mounting section, and the bottom end of the mounting section is hinged with the top end of the lower section.
8. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 2, further comprising two fixing frames, wherein the fixing frames are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting boxes, one ends of the fixing frames are fixedly connected with the mounting boxes, and the other ends of the fixing frames are hinged with the bottom ends of the lower sections.
9. The planting row spacing adjustable self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism is characterized in that the driving device comprises a bidirectional screw rod module, the bidirectional screw rod module comprises a bidirectional screw rod, a guide rail, two nuts, two sliding blocks, two bearings and two bearing seats, the bidirectional screw rod is provided with two threaded sections, threads on the two threaded sections are oppositely rotated, the two nuts are respectively sleeved on the two threaded sections, the two sliding blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the two nuts, the two sliding blocks are arranged on the guide rail, the two sliding blocks can move along the guide rail along with the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod, the two bearing seats are fixedly connected with the guide rail, the two bearings are in one-to-one correspondence with the two bearing seats, the two bearings are in one-to-one correspondence with the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod, the inner ring of each bearing is fixedly sleeved on one end of the bidirectional screw rod, the outer ring of each bearing is fixedly arranged in each bearing seat, and the two mounting boxes are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sliding blocks.
10. The adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing according to claim 9, wherein the driving device further comprises a support frame, a stepping motor and a shaft coupling, the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the support frame, a shell of the stepping motor is fixedly connected with the support frame, one end of the shaft coupling is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the stepping motor, and the other end of the shaft coupling is fixedly connected with one end of the bidirectional screw rod.

Description

Self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing. Background Transplanting is an important link in vegetable crop production, and the transplanting can effectively improve the survival rate of crops, prolong the growth period and improve the yield and quality. The transplanting machine is an important mechanical device in vegetable crop transplanting operation, and the working performance of the transplanting machine, particularly the row spacing adjusting capability of a planting device, directly influences the adaptability of the transplanting machine to different agronomic requirements of different crops and the final production benefit. At present, the main flow transplanting machine planting device mainly adopts a fixed row spacing or manual row spacing adjustment in the aspect of row spacing design, the fixed row spacing planting device is simple in structure and low in cost, but row spacing parameters of the transplanting device are determined in the process of design and manufacture and cannot be adjusted according to the variety of crops, the variety characteristics, soil conditions or the change of a cultivation mode, most of the transplanting devices capable of manually adjusting the row spacing only provide a plurality of fixed row spacing gears, the actual adjustment process usually needs to manually replace chain wheels, gears or integrally move heavy planting units, even parts of structures need to be disassembled and reassembled, time and labor are wasted, the row spacing adjustment cannot be completed quickly in an operation gap, and the operation efficiency and the maneuverability are seriously affected. In addition, the row spacing adjustment and the seedling receiving position of the planting device are difficult to be compatible, and after the transverse position of the planting device is changed, the seedling throwing path from the seedling conveying mechanism above to the planting device is changed. After the row spacing is adjusted in the prior art, the falling path of the seedling body cannot be automatically aligned with a new seedling receiving position, so that the seedling is very easy to fail to be thrown, the seedling guide cylinder is blocked, the seedling body impacts the side wall of the planting device or falls between rows, the seedling is missed to be planted and injured, and the practical application effect of the row spacing adjusting function is seriously restricted. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with adjustable planting row spacing, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, realize the rapid and efficient adjustment of the transplanting row spacing, and effectively improve the seedling throwing precision and the operation adaptability after the row spacing adjustment. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The invention provides a self-adaptive seedling receiving and conveying mechanism with an adjustable planting row spacing, which comprises a driving device, two seedling guiding cylinders, two mounting boxes and two planting assemblies, wherein the seedling guiding cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting boxes, the top ends of the seedling guiding cylinders are fixedly arranged below a seedling conveying mechanism, seedling receiving openings are formed in the top ends of the seedling guiding cylinders and are used for receiving seedlings thrown by the seedling conveying mechanism, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding cylinders are arranged below the top ends of the seedling guiding cylinders, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding cylinders can move transversely relative to the top ends of the seedling guiding cylinders so as to be close to or far away from the top ends of the seedling guiding cylinders, the bottom ends of the seedling guiding cylinders are connected with the mounting boxes, seedling outlet openings are formed in the bottom ends of the seedling guiding cylinders, seedling guiding channels are arranged in the seedling guiding cylinders and can be communicated with the seedling receiving openings, the planting assemblies are in correspondence with the mounting boxes, the planting assemblies are arranged on the mounting boxes, the planting assemblies can be arranged on the mounting boxes, the seedling guiding boxes can be arranged at the positions, and can be close to or far from the two mounting boxes, and the two seedling receiving boxes can be mutually arranged at the positions, and can be close to the two seedling receiving boxes or mutually arranged at the positions, and can be mutually far from the two seedling receiving boxes. Preferably,