CN-121970585-A - Moso bamboo forest fertilization method based on microbial degradation of small molecular fish peptide fertilizer

CN121970585ACN 121970585 ACN121970585 ACN 121970585ACN-121970585-A

Abstract

The invention provides a phyllostachys pubescens forest fertilization method based on a small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition, which comprises the steps of preparing a small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution by means of small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition, keeping fresh bamboo before fertilization, regulating and controlling the density and age ratio of the fresh bamboo, fertilizing by means of square ditch fertilization, fertilizing by means of first fertilization in the next ten days of 4 months, applying a compound fertilizer after 3-5 days, applying the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution by means of bacterial decomposition, wherein the fertilization amount ratio of 1 degree bamboo to 2 degree bamboo to 3 degree bamboo is 1:1:1, preparing the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition and the compound fertilizer by means of preparing the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution by means of bacterial decomposition is 4:15, applying the compound fertilizer after 3-5 days, applying the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition, and applying the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition to 3 degrees bamboo by means of 7:9:9 in the next ten days, and preparing the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer by means of bacterial decomposition. The invention can reduce the application amount of the compound fertilizer in the production of the bamboo shoots in the moso bamboo forest, improve the yield and quality of the bamboo shoots and improve the ecological environment of the soil in the bamboo forest.

Inventors

YANG ZHENYA
JI WEIWEI
LU XINGZHOU
ZHU WEI
PAN QI
CHEN KANGKANG
LI YING
CHEN MENGJIAO

Assignees

湖州市梁希森林公园管理处(湖州市国有林场)
浙江省林业科学研究院
湖州市生态林业保护研究中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20240108

Claims (8)

1. The method for fertilizing the phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the microbial degradation of the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, preparing a fertilizer, namely preparing a bacterial small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution by using bacterial small molecular fish peptide fertilizer; S2, regulating and controlling the structure of the bamboo forest, namely keeping new bamboo before fertilization, then controlling the density of the standing bamboo by selecting old bamboo, and regulating and controlling the age proportion of the standing bamboo; S3, fertilization management, namely, fertilizing by adopting a square ditch fertilization method, opening square fertilization ditches around each moso bamboo, fertilizing in the square fertilization ditches, performing first fertilization in the late 4 months, firstly applying the microbial degradation small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution obtained in the S1 for 3-5 days, then applying a compound fertilizer, then performing soil reclamation, performing second fertilization in the early 7 months, firstly applying the microbial degradation small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution obtained in the S1, then applying a compound fertilizer after 3-5 days, and then performing soil reclamation.
2. The method for fertilizing phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer through bacterial degradation, which is characterized in that the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution through bacterial degradation in S1 is obtained by diluting the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer through clear water 300-500 times.
3. The method for fertilizing phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the microbial degradation of small molecular fish peptide fertilizer, which is characterized in that the number of the new phyllostachys pubescens in S2 is 700 plants/hm 2 -750 plants/hm 2 , the density of the phyllostachys pubescens is controlled to be 2100 plants/hm 2 -2250 plants/hm 2 , and the age ratio of the phyllostachys pubescens is 1 degree bamboo to 2 degrees bamboo to 3 degrees bamboo=1:1:1.
4. The method for fertilizing phyllostachys pubescens based on the microbial degradation of small molecular fish peptide fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of N, P 2 O 5 to K 2 O in the compound fertilizer in S3 is 17:7:17.
5. The method for forming square fertilization grooves in S3 is characterized in that two squares with sides of 120cm and 80cm are respectively arranged on bamboo stalks of moso bamboos as the center, a fertilization area is formed between the two squares, one side of each square is parallel to the extending direction of the whips of the moso bamboos, and the grooves are formed in the fertilization area, the depth of each groove is 20cm and the width of each groove is 20cm.
6. The method for fertilizing the phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer through bacterial decomposition, which is characterized in that the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution is irrigated into square fertilizing furrows in a fertilizing area when the small molecular fish peptide fertilizer solution is fertilized in S3, and the solid fertilizer is uniformly broadcast into the square fertilizing furrows in the fertilizing area when the compound fertilizer is fertilized, and soil is backfilled after each fertilization.
7. The method for fertilizing phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer is characterized by comprising the steps of fertilizing for the first time in S3, wherein the fertilizing amount of the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer solution is 60kg/hm 2 , the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer after 3-5 days is 225kg/hm 2 , the fertilizing amount ratio of 1-degree bamboo, 2-degree bamboo and 3-degree bamboo is 1:1:1, and the fertilizing amount ratio of the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer to the compound fertilizer for preparing the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer solution is 4:15.
8. The method for fertilizing phyllostachys pubescens forest based on the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer is characterized by comprising the steps of fertilizing in S3 for the second time, wherein the fertilizing amount of the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer solution is 90kg/hm 2 , the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer after 3-5 days is 150kg/hm 2 , the fertilizing amount ratio of 1-degree bamboo, 2-degree bamboo and 3-degree bamboo is 7:9:9, and the fertilizing amount ratio of the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer to the compound fertilizer for preparing the small molecular weight fish peptide fertilizer solution is 9:15.

Description

Moso bamboo forest fertilization method based on microbial degradation of small molecular fish peptide fertilizer Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo forest cultivation, fertilizer preparation and bamboo shoot processing, and particularly relates to a moso bamboo forest fertilization method based on a microbial degradation small molecular fish peptide fertilizer. Background Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) belongs to the genus Phyllostachys of Gramineae, and is a single-axis scattered evergreen arbor bamboo plant, which is the bamboo species with the widest distribution area and the highest yield in China. The moso bamboo is an important economic bamboo species for bamboo shoots in China because of the excellent quality and high yield of the bamboo shoots. Among the moso bamboo shoots (spring bamboo shoots, whip bamboo shoots and winter bamboo shoots), whip bamboo shoots are the most delicious, and the whip bamboo shoots are rich in protein, cellulose, vitamins, iron, calcium, phosphorus and other mineral nutrient elements, so that the moso bamboo shoots are fresh and tender in taste and rich in nutrition, and the production period of the moso bamboo shoots is low in supply of fresh bamboo shoots in summer and autumn, so that the moso bamboo shoots are deeply favored by consumers, and the moso bamboo shoots are in short supply in the market, and are important economic sources of moso bamboo forests. However, the general yield of the phyllostachys pubescens in rough management is low, so that the mu yield benefit of the phyllostachys pubescens is poor. In order to improve the benefit of the phyllostachys pubescens, the bamboo farmers apply chemical fertilizers in a large amount, so that the yield and the mu yield value are improved to a certain extent. However, the current phyllostachys pubescens cultivation technology is imperfect, a scientific and precise fertilization technology is lacking, the yield of the phyllostachys pubescens is pursued blindly, and excessive chemical quick-acting fertilizer is applied to cause serious damage to the ecological environment, and the method is mainly characterized in that soil salinity is concentrated, soil organic matter mineralization, soil growth suitability is reduced, microelement effectiveness is reduced, taste and nutrient components of the phyllostachys pubescens are obviously reduced, soil eutrophication also aggravates pollution of water and air, potential food safety hazard is caused, and sustainable development of phyllostachys pubescens management is directly influenced. At present, the bamboo forest fertilization method for relieving the problems is used for improving the fertilizer utilization rate by optimizing the fertilization depth and fertilization time, targeting fertilization, soil measurement formula fertilization, nutrition diagnosis fertilization and other methods, so as to achieve the aim of reducing the fertilization amount of the fertilizer. However, the existing fertilization method cannot improve the ecological environment of soil and the growth suitability of bamboo plants, and cannot improve the yield and quality of bamboo shoots. The analysis of the influence of different fertilization methods on the yield of phyllostachys pubescens and the quality of new bamboos by quartz and the like reports on several phyllostachys pubescens forest fertilization methods including a bamboo stump fertilization method, and the comparison shows that the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers can be improved by carrying out targeted fertilization on bamboo stumps, the yield of the bamboo shoots is increased, but the ecology of the soil of the bamboo forest and the quality of the bamboo shoots cannot be improved. The invention patent CN 112772084A discloses a method for reducing the fertilization of phyllostachys praecox, which comprises the steps of firstly adjusting the structure of the phyllostachys praecox, adopting a sector annular ditch fertilization method when adding compound fertilizer, and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, but not improving the yield of the bamboo shoots and improving the ecological damage of soil caused by heavy fertilization. The invention patent CN 109168521B discloses a forest formulated fertilization method for phyllostachys pubescens, which is characterized in that environmental factors of the bamboo forest are monitored before fertilization, the environmental factors related to the yield of the bamboo shoots are screened, a minimum data set is formed to determine the nutrient distribution proportion, so that the fertilizer utilization efficiency and the yield of the bamboo shoots are improved, but the method has large data collection and analysis task quantity in the early stage, is not easy to operate, and cannot improve the soil ecological environment through fertilization to improve the quality of the bamboo shoots. Therefore, aiming at the problems, development of a