CN-121970587-A - Accurate fertilization device and method based on rotary indexing

CN121970587ACN 121970587 ACN121970587 ACN 121970587ACN-121970587-A

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of agricultural machinery and intelligent irrigation equipment, and provides a precise fertilizer device based on rotary indexing, which comprises a mixing box for mixing various fertilizer solutions, wherein a support is fixedly arranged on the mixing box, a turntable is arranged at the top of the support, a plurality of fertilizer storage tanks for storing the fertilizer solutions are arranged on the turntable, a discharge pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tanks, and a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the discharge pipe; and the feed pipe is arranged on the mixing box, and the fertilizer solution discharged from the discharge port enters the mixing box through the feed pipe. The precise fertilization device and method based on rotary indexing provided by the invention can realize precise fertilization, have a relatively simple structure, reduce cost, reduce fault points, are convenient to maintain, and better meet actual use requirements.

Inventors

CHEN GUOJIAN
FU JIAYI
WEI JIE
DUAN JIAO
DAI XINYI
FENG YONGKANG
ZHOU TONG

Assignees

重庆师范大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. Accurate fertilizer injection unit based on rotation graduation, its characterized in that includes: The mixing box is used for mixing various fertilizer solutions, a support is fixedly arranged on the mixing box, a turntable is arranged at the top of the support, a plurality of fertilizer storage tanks for storing the fertilizer solutions are arranged on the turntable, a discharge pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tanks, and a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the discharge pipe; The feed pipe is arranged on the mixing box, and the fertilizer solution discharged from the discharge port enters the mixing box through the feed pipe; the rotating mechanism is assembled on the bracket and the turntable and is used for adjusting the discharge port on the fertilizer storage tank to the upper part of the feed pipe for discharging; The control mechanism is assembled on the feeding pipe and the discharging hole and used for controlling the opening and closing of the discharging hole.
2. The precision fertilizer apparatus based on rotary indexing of claim 1, wherein the rotary mechanism comprises: the first servo motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket; the installation shaft is rotatably installed on the support, the top end of the installation shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the turntable, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected with the bottom end of the installation shaft through a coupler.
3. The precision fertilizer apparatus based on rotary indexing of claim 1, wherein the control mechanism comprises: The mounting plate is arranged in the discharge pipe; The spring is assembled in the discharging pipe, the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected with the top of the mounting plate, a telescopic protective sleeve used for protecting the spring is arranged in the spring, the bottom end of the telescopic protective sleeve is fixedly connected with the top of the mounting plate, and the top end of the telescopic protective sleeve is communicated with a feed opening at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tank; the blocking block is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate and is matched with the discharge opening, and the blocking block is used for blocking the discharge opening; a plurality of discharge holes formed in the mounting plate, wherein the discharge holes are distributed on the mounting plate in a ring shape; The plugs are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the discharge pipe and are respectively connected with the discharge holes in an adaptive manner, and the plugs are used for plugging the discharge holes; the electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the feeding pipe, and a connecting plate is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the electric telescopic rod; The shielding cover is arranged in the feeding pipe, and the outer wall of the shielding cover is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting plate; The first ejector rod is fixedly arranged in the shielding cover and is used for pushing the blocking block to move upwards to be separated from blocking the discharge hole, and pushing the mounting plate to drive the discharge hole to move upwards at the same time so that the discharge hole and the blocking block are disconnected.
4. The precise fertilizer apparatus based on rotary indexing of claim 1, wherein a mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing tank, the mixing mechanism being for mixing a plurality of fertilizer solutions in the mixing tank, the mixing mechanism comprising: the second servo motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mixing box; The output shaft of the second servo motor is connected with the bottom end of the mixing frame through a coupler; a mounting shell fixedly mounted in the mixing box, the mixing rack is rotationally connected with the mounting shell; two augers symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the mounting shell; three bevel gears respectively fixedly sleeved on the two augers and the mixing frame, and two bevel gears respectively fixedly sleeved on the two augers are meshed with the bevel gears fixedly sleeved on the mixing frame.
5. The precise fertilizer apparatus based on rotary indexing of claim 3, wherein the mixing box is provided with a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the interior of the fertilizer storage tank, the cleaning mechanism comprising: The water inlet frame is arranged on the mixing box and is used for spraying cleaning water into the discharge hole and cleaning the fertilizer storage tank, a second ejector rod is fixedly arranged in the water inlet frame and is used for pushing the blocking block to move upwards to be separated from blocking the discharge hole and pushing the mounting plate to drive the discharge hole to move upwards so as to separate the discharge hole from the blocking block; The water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet frame and is used for guiding the cleaning water into the water inlet frame; The drain pipe is arranged on the water inlet frame and used for draining the waste water used for cleaning the fertilizer storage tank, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the drain pipe.
6. The precise fertilizer injection unit based on rotation indexing of claim 5, wherein a blanking tube is arranged at the top of the fertilizer storage tank, fertilizer solution is placed into the fertilizer storage tank, a mounting frame is fixedly arranged at one side of the mixing tank, a blocking cover is arranged at one side of the mounting frame and used for blocking the top of the blanking tube, a moving mechanism is assembled on the water inlet frame and the blocking cover and used for driving the water inlet frame and the second ejector rod to move relatively with the blocking cover, the blocking cover which moves downwards is used for blocking the top of the blanking tube, the water inlet frame which moves upwards is communicated with the discharge opening in a butt joint mode, the second ejector rod which moves upwards pushes the blocking block to move upwards to be separated from blocking the discharge opening, and meanwhile pushes the mounting plate to drive the discharge hole to move upwards to separate the discharge hole from the plug block.
7. The precision fertilizer apparatus based on rotary indexing of claim 6, wherein the moving mechanism comprises: the double-shaft motor is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame; The two output shafts of the double-shaft motor are respectively connected with one ends of the two screw rods through a coupler; and the two transverse plates are respectively and spirally arranged on the two screw rods, and are respectively and fixedly connected with the baffle cover and the water inlet frame.
8. The precise fertilization device based on rotary indexing of claim 5, wherein a clamping ring is fixedly arranged at the top end of the water inlet frame, an annular clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the material discharging pipe, and the clamping ring is in fit connection with the clamping groove.
9. The precise fertilizer injection unit based on rotary indexing of claim 5, wherein the top of the mixing box is fixedly provided with a sliding rod, the outer wall of the water inlet frame is fixedly provided with a sliding block, the sliding block is in sliding connection with the sliding rod, the fertilizer storage tank comprises an inner container, a buffer layer and a stainless steel shell, the buffer layer is arranged in the stainless steel shell, and the inner container is arranged in the buffer layer.
10. A method of a precision fertilization device based on rotary indexing according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the method comprises the steps of: S1, respectively placing different fertilizer solutions in different fertilizer storage tanks, starting a rotating mechanism through a controller when a plurality of fertilizer solutions are required to be proportioned for use, and adjusting a discharge hole on the corresponding fertilizer storage tank to the upper part of a feed pipe through the rotating mechanism; S2, after the adjustment is finished, starting a control mechanism through a controller, opening a discharge hole through the control mechanism, discharging fertilizer solution in a fertilizer storage tank through the discharge hole below the discharge hole, entering a mixing box through a feed pipe, and performing constant-current titration based on time, wherein the flow = constant flow x time, and after the discharge hole is opened for a certain time, starting the control mechanism through the controller to plug the discharge hole, so that continuous discharging is stopped; And S3, after the fertilizer solution in one fertilizer storage tank 4 is fed, adding the fertilizer solutions in other fertilizer storage tanks into the mixing box in the same way, so that a plurality of fertilizer solutions are added into the mixing box for mixing and proportioning, and fertilizing.

Description

Accurate fertilization device and method based on rotary indexing Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and intelligent irrigation equipment, in particular to a precise fertilization device and method based on rotary indexing. Background At present, a mode of 'venturi tube fertilizer suction' or 'fertilizer injection pump (such as a diaphragm pump and a piston pump) injection' is commonly adopted in a fertilizer preparation and suction link of water and fertilizer integrated equipment in facility agriculture. Although the technology is relatively mature, the prior art has the following significant problems and disadvantages in practical applications: Limitations of the conventional AB tank mix mode are that conventional Venturi fertilizer suction or injection pump systems typically pre-mix all fertilizer in A, B two mother liquor tanks. The proportion of the mode is fixed, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements cannot be adjusted in real time according to the growth period (seedling period, flowering period and fruit period) of crops; The existing multi-channel fertilizer preparation machine usually adopts a parallel structure of 'one fertilizer and one pump', for example, if 6 different mother solutions are needed to be prepared, 6 independent fertilizer injection pumps, complex electromagnetic valve groups and pipelines are needed to be prepared. This not only results in bulky equipment, high cost, but also many points of failure and difficult maintenance. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problem that the prior fertilizing device mentioned in the background art cannot better meet the actual use requirements, the invention provides a precise fertilizing device and a precise fertilizing method based on rotary indexing. The precise fertilizer applying device based on rotary indexing comprises a mixing box for mixing various fertilizer solutions, a support fixedly arranged on the mixing box, a rotary table arranged on the top of the support, a plurality of fertilizer storage tanks for storing the fertilizer solutions, a discharge pipe fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tanks, a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the discharge pipe, a feed pipe arranged on the mixing box, a rotating mechanism assembled on the support and the rotary table and used for adjusting the discharge port on the fertilizer storage tanks to discharge the fertilizer above the feed pipe, and a control mechanism assembled on the feed pipe and the discharge port and used for controlling the opening and closing of the discharge port. Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a first servo motor fixedly arranged on the bracket and a mounting shaft rotatably arranged on the bracket, wherein the top end of the mounting shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the turntable, and an output shaft of the first servo motor is connected with the bottom end of the mounting shaft through a coupler. Preferably, the control mechanism comprises a mounting plate arranged in the material discharging pipe, a spring assembled in the material discharging pipe, a plurality of material discharging holes formed in the mounting plate and distributed on the mounting plate in an annular mode, a plurality of plug blocks fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the material discharging pipe and used for protecting the spring, a plurality of plug blocks fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the material discharging pipe and used for conducting electric telescopic rods fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the material storing tank and communicated with a blanking opening at the bottom of the mounting plate, a plug block fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting plate and used for conducting matching with the material discharging opening, a plurality of plug blocks formed in the mounting plate and used for conducting annular distribution on the mounting plate, a plurality of plug blocks fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the material discharging pipe and used for conducting matching connection with the material discharging holes, a plug rod fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the material storing tank and used for conducting electric telescopic rods, a plug block fixedly mounted on the output shaft and used for blocking the material discharging hole, and a plug block fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting plate and used for pushing the material discharging hole and the plug block are arranged on the inner wall of the mounting plate and the material discharging hole and the plug block. The mixing mechanism is used for mixing various fertilizer solutions in the mixing box and comprises a second servo motor fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mixing box, a mixing frame rotatably arranged in the mixing box, an output shaft of the second servo motor is connected with the bottom end of the mixing