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CN-121970599-A - Corn harvester low-loss ear picking mechanism

CN121970599ACN 121970599 ACN121970599 ACN 121970599ACN-121970599-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester, which comprises a cutting knife, a first force sensor and a second force sensor, wherein the upper plate body is provided with a plurality of first force sensors upwards along the conveying direction on two sides of a feeding channel, the lower plate body is provided with a plurality of second force sensors towards the feeding channel along the conveying direction on two sides of the feeding channel, the positions of the first force sensors and the second force sensor are in one-to-one correspondence, the cutting knife is arranged between the upper plate body and a cutting roller in pairs and can stretch and retract to further displace towards the feeding channel, a stalk touches the second force sensor to detect a force value in the process of entering the feeding channel and advancing towards an output end, and when the first force sensor above the second force sensor corresponding to the second force sensor which detects the force value, a feedback signal drives the cutting knife to displace towards the feeding channel once to further cut ears and stalks. The corn harvester avoids extrusion damage to the ears caused by the traditional structure and improves the corn harvesting quality.

Inventors

  • TIAN KUNPENG
  • ZHANG BIN
  • HUANG JICHENG
  • MU SENLIN
  • KONG FANTING
  • MOU ZHONGQIU

Assignees

  • 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260320

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester comprises an ear picking roller plate (1), wherein a feed channel (11) for feeding stalks is formed in the middle of the ear picking roller plate (1), cutting rollers (12) for cutting the stalks are arranged on two sides of the feed channel (11) below the ear picking roller plate (1), the stalks are dragged downwards by a pair of cutting rollers (12) in the process of entering the feed channel (11) and continuously cutting the stalks in the advancing process of an output end, the ears on the stalks are blocked and output to the output end when falling to the ear picking roller plate (1), the low-loss ear picking mechanism is characterized by further comprising a telescopic cutting assembly (2), the telescopic cutting assembly (2) comprises a cutting knife (21), a first force sensor (22) and a second force sensor (23), the ear picking roller plate (1) comprises an upper plate body (101) and a lower plate body (102) which are arranged in an up-down arrangement, the upper plate body (101) is arranged on two sides of the feed channel (11) at intervals along the conveying direction, the first force sensor (22) is arranged on the two sides of the feed channel (11) at intervals, the first force sensor (22) and the second force sensor (23) are arranged on the two sides of the feed channel (23) in a direction corresponding to the first force sensor (23) and the second force sensor (23) are arranged on the two sides of the feed channel (11) in a one-to the opposite direction, the cutting knives (21) are arranged between the upper plate body (101) and the cutting rollers (12) in pairs, can stretch and retract and further move towards the feeding channel (11), the stalks touch the second force sensor (23) to detect the force value in the process of entering the feeding channel (11) and advancing towards the output end, and when the first force sensor (22) above the second force sensor (23) corresponding to the detected force value detects the force value and the force value exceeds a preset value, the feedback signal drives the cutting knives (21) to move towards the feeding channel (11) once so as to cut the ear stalks and the stalks.
  2. 2. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein the using method of the low-loss ear picking mechanism of the corn harvester comprises the following steps: s1, driving equipment to travel to planted corns to enable corns to enter a feeding channel (11); s2, cutting off cornstalks by a rotary cutting roller (12) and dragging the cornstalks downwards to continuously cut the cornstalks; s3, determining the position of the stalk by detecting a force value by a second force sensor (23) on the touch side of the stalk; S4, when the first force sensor (22) above the second force sensor (23) detects the force value and the force value exceeds a preset value, determining that the corn ears collide with the first force sensor (22), and driving the cutting knife (21) to perform one-time displacement to the feeding channel (11) by a feedback signal so as to cut the ear handles and stalks; s5, the cut clusters are supported by the upper plate body (101) and output to an output end.
  3. 3. A low loss ear picking mechanism for corn harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said cutter (21) is located between the upper plate (101) and the lower plate (102).
  4. 4. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting blade (21) is driven to move through a telescopic power mechanism (3), the telescopic power mechanism (3) comprises an air cylinder (31), a linkage tooth group (32) and an inclined pushing block (33), the air cylinder (31) is arranged in a front-back direction, an air cylinder shaft of the air cylinder (31), the linkage tooth group (32) and the inclined pushing block (33) are sequentially connected, the air cylinder (31) drives the inclined pushing block (33) to move back and forth when in reciprocating motion, a pushing roller (211) matched with the inclined pushing block (33) is arranged at the rear part of the cutting blade (21), the inclined surface of the inclined pushing block (33) pushes the pushing roller (211) towards a feeding channel (11), the cutting blade (21) is further connected with an elastic piece (212), the elastic piece (212) deforms and stores deformation force when the cutting blade (21) is pushed out, and when the inclined pushing block (33) is reset, the elastic piece (21) is quickly reset by the elastic piece (212).
  5. 5. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester according to claim 4, wherein the linkage gear set (32) comprises a first rack (321), a gear (322) and a second rack (323), the first rack (321) and the second rack (323) are arranged in parallel and are in meshed transmission through the gear (322), the first rack (321) is connected to a cylinder shaft of a cylinder (31), and an inclined pushing block (33) is arranged on the second rack (323).
  6. 6. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of corn harvester according to claim 5, wherein the oblique pushing block (33) is provided with two groups on the second rack (323) in front and back.
  7. 7. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of corn harvester according to claim 5, wherein said elastic members (212) are arranged in two groups at the front and rear positions of the cutter (21).
  8. 8. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of corn harvester according to claim 5, wherein the two sides of the cutting knife (21) are provided with rails or sliding grooves for reciprocating sliding fit.

Description

Corn harvester low-loss ear picking mechanism Technical Field The invention relates to agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a low-loss ear picking mechanism of a corn harvester. Background The cutting and spike picking structure adopted by the existing corn harvester is characterized in that after corn stalks are conveyed into a feeding channel, the corn stalks are cut by a cutting roller below and dragged downwards, and the clusters are separated from the cut stalks and then fall onto a snapping roll plate and are conveyed to a follow-up mechanism to be collected, but the structure has a state that the stalks are forcedly pulled to pick the spikes after the clusters are fallen to the snapping roll plate, so that a certain damage risk is caused to the clusters, and the harvesting quality is affected. Therefore, there is a need for an optimized structure to protect corn ears and reduce damage to corn. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the low-loss ear picking mechanism of the corn harvester, which is used for avoiding the extrusion damage of the traditional structure to the ears and improving the quality of corn harvesting by sensing the corn ears and actively cutting the ears and stems. The low-loss ear picking mechanism of the corn harvester comprises a snapping roll plate, wherein a feeding channel for the stalks to enter is formed in the middle of the snapping roll plate, cutting rolls for cutting the stalks are arranged on two sides of the feeding channel below the snapping roll plate, the stalks are dragged downwards by a pair of cutting rolls and continuously cut in the process of entering the feeding channel and advancing to an output end, and when the ears on the stalks descend to the snapping roll plate, the stalks are blocked and output to the output end; the snapping roll plate comprises an upper plate body and a lower plate body which are arranged up and down, the upper plate body is provided with a plurality of first force sensors at intervals along the conveying direction on two sides of a feeding channel, the lower plate body is provided with a plurality of second force sensors at intervals along the conveying direction on two sides of the feeding channel towards the feeding channel, the positions of the first force sensors and the positions of the second force sensors are in one-to-one correspondence, the cutting knife is arranged between the upper plate body and the cutting roll in pairs and can stretch out and draw back to displace towards the feeding channel, the stalks touch the second force sensors to detect force values in the advancing process of entering the feeding channel and towards the output end, and when the first force sensors above the second force sensors corresponding to the detected force values detect the force values and the force values exceed a preset value, the feedback signals drive the cutting knife to move towards the feeding channel once to cut the ears and the stalks. As an improvement, the using method of the low-loss ear picking mechanism of the corn harvester comprises the following steps: S1, driving equipment to travel to planted corns to enable corns to enter a feeding channel; s2, cutting off cornstalks by a rotary cutting roller and dragging the cornstalks downwards to continuously cut the cornstalks; s3, the second force sensor at the side edge where the stalk touches detects a force value to determine the position of the stalk; S4, when the first force sensor above the second force sensor detects the force value and the force value exceeds a preset value, determining that the corn ears collide with the first force sensor, and driving the cutting knife to perform one-time displacement to the feeding channel by a feedback signal so as to cut the ear handles and stalks; S5, the cut clusters are supported by the upper plate body and output to the output end. As an improvement, the cutting knife is located between the upper plate body and the lower plate body. The cutter is characterized in that the cutter is driven to move through a telescopic power mechanism, the telescopic power mechanism comprises an air cylinder, a linkage gear group and an inclined push block, the air cylinder is arranged in a front-back direction, an air cylinder shaft of the air cylinder, the linkage gear group and the inclined push block are sequentially connected, the air cylinder drives the inclined push block to move back and forth when in reciprocating motion, a push roller matched with the inclined push block is arranged at the rear part of the cutter, the inclined surface of the inclined push block pushes the push roller out towards a feeding channel, the cutter is further connected with an elastic piece, the elastic piece deforms and stores force when the cutter is pushed out, and the cutter is quickly reset by the elastic piece releasing the elastic force when the inclined push block resets. As an impr