CN-121970600-A - Spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device

CN121970600ACN 121970600 ACN121970600 ACN 121970600ACN-121970600-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and discloses a spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device which comprises six pairs of peeling rollers, wherein each pair of peeling rollers consists of a driving roller body and a driven roller body which are symmetrically arranged, the roller bodies in the six pairs of peeling rollers are respectively a leading-in roller, a first positive thread peeling roller, a first depth peeling roller, a second positive thread peeling roller, a second depth peeling roller and a third positive thread peeling roller which are sequentially arranged along the vertical harvesting conveying direction of corn, each roller body is of a multi-layer composite roller body structure, and each roller body is sequentially provided with a connecting shaft, a first supporting layer, a spring layer and a second supporting layer from inside to outside. The corn harvester realizes continuous operation of integrating spike picking, peeling and separating, is suitable for corn with different diameters, has high peeling rate, low corn loss, compact and durable structure and convenient maintenance, and can be widely suitable for various corn harvesting machines.

Inventors

HOU ZHESHENG
Sun Xushuai
LI MINGKUN
LIU YONGQIANG
YAN YAOQI
ZHOU TIANCI
HU NINGPING
GUO DONG
ZHAO ZIMING
ZOU WEILIANG
SUO ZHONGYUAN

Assignees

吉林化工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (10)

1. A spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device is characterized by comprising six pairs of peeling rollers, wherein each pair of peeling rollers consists of a driving roller body and a driven roller body which are symmetrically arranged, the corresponding driving roller body and driven roller body are driven by a transmission system to synchronously and oppositely rotate, the roller bodies in the six pairs of peeling rollers are respectively a leading-in roller, a first positive thread peeling roller, a first deep peeling roller, a second positive thread peeling roller, a second deep peeling roller and a third positive thread peeling roller which are sequentially arranged along the vertical harvesting conveying direction of corn, each roller body is of a multi-layer composite roller body structure, a connecting shaft, a first supporting layer, a spring layer and a second supporting layer are sequentially arranged on the roller body from inside to outside, and two ends of the connecting shaft positioned in the middle are supported on a frame so as to realize the assembly and power transmission of the roller body and a harvesting machine; The second supporting layer of the introducing roller is externally provided with a first wear-resistant layer, a plurality of convex introducing rubber rings are arranged on the outer surface of the first wear-resistant layer at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller body, the first deep peeling roller is consistent with the second deep peeling roller in structure, the second supporting layer Zhou Jun of each deep peeling roller is externally provided with a second wear-resistant layer, and a plurality of convex deep peeling rubber rings are arranged on the outer surface of the second wear-resistant layer at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller body; the first positive thread peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller and the third positive thread peeling roller are consistent in structure, and a single-head metal positive thread is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the second supporting layer of each positive thread peeling roller; The rotation directions of the introducing roller, the first positive thread peeling roller, the first depth peeling roller, the second positive thread peeling roller, the second depth peeling roller and the third positive thread peeling roller are consistent, and the screw rotation directions of the single-head metal positive threads on each positive thread peeling roller are consistent with the advancing direction of the corncob.
2. The self-adaptive synchronous spring spike picking and peeling device according to claim 1, wherein the first supporting layer and the second supporting layer are made of stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy materials, and the first wear-resistant layer and the second wear-resistant layer are made of polyurethane materials.
3. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, wherein the spring layer is composed of elastic elements which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the roller body.
4. The self-adaptive synchronous spring spike stripping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a convex introducing rubber ring and a first wear-resisting layer are of an integrated structure, the longitudinal section of the convex introducing rubber ring is semicircular, one end of the convex introducing rubber ring far away from the first wear-resisting layer is of an arc transition structure, the height of a bulge of the convex introducing rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex introducing rubber rings is 15mm.
5. The spring self-adaptive synchronous spike stripping and peeling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the convex deep stripping rubber ring and the second wear-resisting layer are of an integrated structure, the longitudinal section of the convex deep stripping rubber ring is trapezoid, one end of the convex deep stripping rubber ring far away from the second wear-resisting layer is of a plane structure, the height of a bulge of the convex deep stripping rubber ring is 8-12mm, and the distance between two adjacent convex deep stripping rubber rings is 11mm.
6. The spring self-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the single-head metal positive thread is 60-80mm, and the tooth shape is triangular.
7. The spring-adaptive synchronous picking and stripping device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the thread top diameter of the middle area of the corresponding roller body of the positive thread stripping roller is smaller than that of the two ends, a middle narrowing structure is formed, and the narrowing transition section of the roller body adopts smooth arc surface transition.
8. The spring-adaptive synchronous picking and stripping device according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding layer structures of the connecting shaft, the first supporting layer, the spring layer, the second supporting layer and the wear-resistant layer in the roller body are all fixed in a mechanical jogged mode.
9. The spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that two ends of a roller body are provided with axial locking structures for ensuring coaxiality of all layers of structures and limiting the structures to move in the axial direction, two ends of a connecting shaft are rotatably installed on a frame in a matched mode, and a lubricating grease filling port and a sealing piece are arranged at the matched position of the connecting shaft and the frame.
10. The spring-adaptive synchronous ear-picking and peeling device according to claim 1, wherein a straw-corn follow-up separation device is arranged in front of the third positive thread peeling roller.

Description

Spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a spring self-adaptive synchronous spike picking and peeling device. Background The corn harvesting machine (corn harvester) is specially designed for corn mature period, and is used for efficiently completing the operations of picking, peeling, straw treatment and the like, so as to greatly replace manpower and improve harvesting efficiency and quality. However, the related technology of the current corn harvesting machine still has the problems of function cutting, insufficient self-adaption, limited scene adaptation and the like, and limits the working efficiency and quality. Specifically, the existing corn harvesting mechanical device has the following problems: (1) In the prior art, the prior art devices have single focusing functions, such as CN 106068912A (a corn harvester cutting table), CN 106416606B (an indirect adjustable vertical corn ear picking device), CN 207054128U (a swinging plate type corn ear picking device), CN 106961920B (a corn ear picking device), CN 212306167U (a gap self-adaptive vertical ear picking roller device), CN 206314216U (a corn ear picking stalk self-crushing device), CN 2884851Y (a stalk pulling roller in the corn harvester), CN 120677920A (a vertical corn stalk defoliation and ear removing device) and CN 113950950A (a lodged corn harvesting device) only realize the functions of picking or supporting and falling, and CN 223286241U (a wear-resistant low-temperature corn harvester peeling roller) and CN 119452888A (a self-adjustable corn peeling device only focus on peeling), and the process is cracked due to the need of multiple equipment connection; (2) In the aspect of self-adaptive adjustment, CN 106068912A (a corn harvester cutting table adopts a fixed gap design), CN 106416606B (an indirect adjustable vertical corn ear picking device) needs to manually adjust the gap, CN 119452888A (a self-adaptive corn peeling device), CN 212306167U (a gap self-adaptive vertical ear picking roller device) depend on complex mechanical transmission or hydraulic structure and cannot dynamically adapt to corn diameter fluctuation; (3) The operation quality and scene suitability are insufficient, CN 207054128U (a swinging plate type corn ear picking device) and CN 106961920B (a corn ear picking device) are easy to damage the ears due to extrusion or impact operation, CN 223286241U (a wear-resistant low-temperature-resistant corn machine peeling roller) has a single peeling structure, so that the rate of residual skin is high, vertical layout such as CN 120677920A (a vertical corn stalk leaf and ear removing device) and CN 212306167U (a gap self-adaptive vertical ear picking roller device) is easy to cause congestion, and most devices do not consider lodging scenes (except CN 102986368A (lodging corn harvesting device)), and have weak cross-environment adaptation capability. In addition, the existing device has complex structure, the multi-module design failure rate of CN 119452888A (a corn husker capable of being adjusted in a self-adaptive manner) and CN 114223390A (an unmanned remote control corn full-harvesting robot system) is high, and the maintenance cost of vulnerable parts of CN 2884851Y (a stalk pulling roller in a corn harvester ear picking device) and CN 223286241U (a wear-resistant and low-temperature-resistant corn harvester husking roller) is high. Therefore, a synchronous ear picking and peeling device is needed to be designed to solve the technical problems. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a spring self-adaptive synchronous ear picking and peeling device, which aims to solve the problems of poor adaptability, low peeling rate, easy damage to corn and short service life of parts of the existing corn peeling device and can realize the integrated efficient operation of ear picking, peeling and separating. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the self-adaptive spring synchronous spike picking and peeling device comprises six pairs of peeling rollers, wherein each pair of peeling rollers consists of a driving roller body and a driven roller body which are symmetrically arranged, the corresponding driving roller body and driven roller body are driven by a transmission system to realize synchronous and opposite rotation, the roller bodies in the six pairs of peeling rollers are respectively a leading-in roller, a first positive thread peeling roller, a first deep peeling roller, a second positive thread peeling roller, a second deep peeling roller and a third positive thread peeling roller which are sequentially arranged along the vertical corn harvesting conveying direction, each roller body is of a multi-layer composite roller body structure, and a connecting shaft, a first supporting layer, a spring layer and a second