CN-121970617-A - Overwintering storage method and storage device for peony seeds in alpine region

CN121970617ACN 121970617 ACN121970617 ACN 121970617ACN-121970617-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of overwintering storage of peony seeds in alpine regions, and discloses an overwintering storage method and a storage device for the peony seeds in alpine regions. The overwintering storage method for the peony seeds in the alpine region comprises the steps of stirring sand, paving a sand layer, placing the peony seeds, placing a storage cylinder and a storage disc in a combined mode, heating the heat preservation cylinder passively, automatically controlling oxygen and humidity in a timing mode in the heat preservation cylinder and monitoring the temperature in real time, and storing the peony seeds at low temperature. The invention has the beneficial effects of providing temperature guarantee for low-temperature sand accumulation lamination treatment in the alpine region of peony seeds, and not only keeping proper humidity of the sand layer but also preventing mildew caused by oxygen deficiency in the overwintering storage process of the peony seeds by automatically controlling ventilation, oxygen supply and humidity of the storage device.

Inventors

LIU HONGFAN
SHAO YUXIN
LIU MINGHUI
Shao Lujia
JI TIANHUI
WANG ZHIJUN
YANG HAIJING
LIU JIULI
CAO WENYU
YANG XINXIN
XIE JIE
HU XIAOLIANG
XU PEIZHI
JIA ZHIJUN
PANG JINGJING
DU TAO
YUAN XIAOQIU
SHAO ANLING
YAO XIAOQI
YANG YINGYING
CHANG SHAN

Assignees

洛阳市农林科学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260403

Claims (10)

1. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions comprises a sheet metal box shell, a box cover and a handle, wherein the sheet metal box shell is a hollow cuboid with a closed lower part and an open upper part, the box cover is arranged on the upper part of the sheet metal box shell, the handle is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the box cover, the device is characterized in that a supporting cylinder is vertically and fixedly arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the sheet metal box shell, a man-machine interaction system is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the right side of the sheet metal box shell, the man-machine interaction system is used for automatically controlling an oxygen supply mechanism and an atomizing nozzle and automatically detecting the temperature and the humidity inside a heat preservation cylinder, a passive heating mechanism is fixedly arranged inside the supporting cylinder and extends to the inside of the heat preservation cylinder, the passive heating mechanism is used for providing the temperature required by peony seeds for low-temperature sand storage and lamination treatment inside the heat preservation cylinder by utilizing geothermal heat, the heat preservation cylinder is fixedly arranged inside the sheet metal box shell and the box cover, the oxygen supply mechanism is fixedly arranged at the center position of the sheet metal box shell and the box cover, the oxygen supply mechanism is used for providing oxygen required by peony seeds for low-temperature sand storage and lamination treatment to the inside the heat preservation cylinder, the oxygen supply mechanism is arranged at the center position of the sheet metal box shell and the box cover, the temperature sensor is arranged at the side of the position of the humidity sensor is arranged at the side of the upper part of the humidity sensor and the top of the humidity sensor is arranged on the side of the top of the cover, and is used for detecting the humidity sensor is arranged at the side of the top of the humidity sensor is used for sensing and is arranged on the side of the side cover.
2. The device for overwintering storage of peony seeds in alpine regions of claim 1, wherein the supporting cylinder comprises a supporting cylinder body, the supporting cylinder body is hollow cylinder with a convex edge at the bottom, the inner ring is fixedly arranged in the supporting cylinder body and near the bottom, fixing holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential surface of the inner ring, and the inside of the supporting cylinder body is communicated with the sheet metal box shell.
3. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions, which is characterized in that the man-machine interaction system comprises a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the right side of a sheet metal box shell, a supporting rod is transversely and vertically fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the fixing plate, a control panel is fixedly arranged on the right side of the supporting rod, a display screen is arranged at the front side position of the control panel, a PLC (programmable logic controller) control module is fixedly arranged in the rear side of the control panel, and the display screen is fixedly connected with the PLC control module through a signal wire.
4. The winter storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions is characterized in that the passive heating mechanism comprises a closed tube, the closed tube is a seamless pressure-resistant tube, a sealing head is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the closed tube, a rotary handle is fixedly arranged in the sealing head, a conical tip is fixedly arranged on the lower portion of the closed tube, the conical tip and the closed tube are of an integrated structure, a spiral knife is fixedly arranged on the bottom portion of the closed tube, an insulating layer is wrapped on the closed tube on the upper portion of the spiral knife, the height of the insulating layer is larger than that of a frozen soil layer, a fixed disc is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the insulating layer, the fixed disc is welded and fixed on the closed tube, connecting holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential surface of the fixed disc, radiating fins are fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the closed tube, the radiating fins are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the upper portion of the closed tube, and spiral grooves extend to the upper portion of the fixed disc from top to bottom.
5. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions, which is characterized in that the heat-preserving cylinder comprises a heat-preserving cylinder body, wherein the heat-preserving cylinder body is Fang Xingzhuang, a storage cavity is formed in the center of the heat-preserving cylinder body, the storage cavity is in a round shape with a closed upper part, the lower part of the storage cavity is sealed, a soaking cavity is in a round shape with a closed upper part, the lower part of the soaking cavity is sealed, the soaking cavity is vertically formed in four corners of the heat-preserving cylinder body, and heat dissipation holes are vertically and uniformly formed in each soaking cavity towards the center of the storage cavity.
6. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions is characterized in that the oxygen supply mechanism comprises a first check valve and a second check valve, the first check valve is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper part of a box cover, the second check valve is fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom of a sheet metal box shell, the air cover is in a hollow shape with a closed upper part and an open lower part, the air cover is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper part of a box cover, the fan is fixedly arranged in an upper square mounting hole of the air cover, sealing glue is coated on the peripheral wall of the fan, the oxygen through hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of a heat preservation cylinder body, the oxygen through hole corresponds to the second check valve vertically, the connecting plate is 8-shaped, four connecting plates are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper part of the fan, the outer ends of the connecting plate are in contact with the upper part of the air cover, through holes are formed at the front end and the rear end of the connecting plate and are fixedly connected with the fan body or the upper part of the air cover through screws, and a motor of the fan is fixedly connected with a PLC control module through a signal wire.
7. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the storage barrel comprises a storage barrel body, the storage barrel body is hollow and cylindrical, heat exchange holes are uniformly formed around the outer wall of the storage barrel body from top to bottom, the heat exchange holes are in a strip shape, supporting rings are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the storage barrel body from top to bottom, the outer wall of each supporting ring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the storage barrel body, a distance is reserved between the supporting ring on the upper part of the storage barrel body and the top of the storage barrel body, a distance is reserved between the supporting ring on the bottom of the storage barrel body and the bottom of the storage barrel body, placing grooves are symmetrically formed on the surface of the supporting rings at equal angles, the placing grooves between the supporting rings are in a vertically corresponding shape, lifting rods are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the supporting ring on the upper part of the inner top of the storage barrel body, the lifting rods are higher than the upper part of the storage barrel body, and the outer diameter of the storage barrel body is smaller than the inner diameter of a storage cavity.
8. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the storage tray comprises a storage tray body, the storage tray body is hollow disc-shaped, the upper portion of the storage tray body is open, the lower portion of the storage tray body is closed, ventilation holes are uniformly formed in the bottom of the storage tray body, supporting blocks are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the circumferential outer side wall of the storage tray body in a cross mode, the size of each supporting block is equal to that of each placing groove, and the diameter of each ventilation hole is smaller than that of sand.
9. The overwintering storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions, which is characterized in that a high-pressure water pipe is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of an atomization spray nozzle, the other end of the high-pressure water pipe is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic valve on a water outlet of a water supply pump, the electromagnetic valve on the water outlet of the water supply pump is fixedly connected with a PLC control module through a signal wire, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly connected with the PLC control module through a signal wire.
10. A winter-crossing storage method for peony seeds in alpine regions is characterized by comprising the steps of firstly stirring sand, paving a sand layer and placing the peony seeds, wherein the sand is sprayed and stirred through a small stirrer, the humidity of the sand is controlled to be 60% -70%, firstly paving a layer of sand with the humidity of 60% -70% and the thickness of 2 cm-3 cm at the bottom of a storage tray body of the storage tray, then uniformly scattering the selected peony seeds with full particles and uniform granularity on the sand paved at the bottom of the storage tray body in the current year, finally paving a layer of sand with the thickness of 1.2 cm-2 cm at the upper part of the peony seeds, and secondly, The method comprises the steps of arranging a storage cylinder and a storage plate in a combined way, clamping the storage plate in the first step by a clamp to be aligned with a storage cylinder body of the storage cylinder in an up-down concentric way, aligning a supporting block on the outer wall of the storage plate with a placing groove of a supporting ring in the storage cylinder body in an up-down way, then moving the storage plate downwards to the upper part of the supporting ring at the bottommost part of the storage cylinder body along the center of the storage cylinder body, rotating the storage plate by the clamp, staggering the supporting block from the up-down corresponding position of the placing groove, placing the storage plate on the supporting ring at the bottommost part of the storage cylinder body, loosening the clamp, placing one storage plate on the supporting ring in the storage cylinder body according to the steps, and finally lifting a lifting rod by an operator to place the storage cylinder and the storage plate in a storage cavity of the heat preservation cylinder, wherein the step III, The passive geothermal heating of the heat preservation cylinder is that liquid ammonia in a closed pipe of a passive heating mechanism absorbs the temperature heat of a geothermal layer and gasifies to generate ammonia steam, when the ammonia steam rises to the upper position of the closed pipe, the ammonia steam and the inner wall of the ice-cooled closed pipe are condensed when encountering cold, meanwhile, the ammonia steam releases heat to heat the upper part of the closed pipe, and the condensed ammonia steam flows back downwards along a spiral groove on the inner wall of the closed pipe due to the action of gravity until reaching the bottom of the closed pipe, so that the circulation process of absorbing heat, gasifying and condensing back of the liquid ammonia is formed; the heat at the upper part of the closed pipe is efficiently radiated into the soaking cavity through the spiral radiating fins and is further convected and conveyed into the storage cavity through the radiating holes, and the geothermal heat is convected and conducted into a sand layer in the storage disc through the heat exchanging holes on the storage cylinder body at the moment, so that constant low-temperature sand accumulation lamination temperature of 4-5 ℃ is provided for the storage cavity of the heat preservation cylinder oxygen is introduced into the heat-preserving cylinder at regular time, The automatic control of humidity and real-time monitoring of temperature, when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the humidity threshold of sand layer is less than 60%, the temperature and humidity sensor sends the detected sand layer humidity to the PLC control module, the PLC control module sends an opening control command to the electromagnetic valve on the water outlet of the water supply pump after receiving the sand layer humidity value, the water supply pump conveys water to the atomizing spray head through the high-pressure water pipe, the water is sprayed on the sand layer on the storage disc through atomization of the atomizing spray head, so that the humidity of the sand layer is increased, when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the sand layer humidity is greater than 70%, the PLC control module receives the sand layer humidity value and then sends a closing control command to the electromagnetic valve on the water outlet of the water supply pump, the atomizing spray head stops spraying water, when the oxygen supply mechanism reaches the time delay control time, the PLC control module sends an opening control command to the fan motor, the fan starts rotating, under the action of high-speed rotation of the fan, an upward pumping force is formed in the air cover and the heat preservation cylinder body, the upward pumping force formed by the air cover compresses the micro-motion spring in the one-way valve, at this moment, the micro-motion spring in the one-way valve is compressed by the micro-motion spring in the micro-motion valve, and the valve compression valve in the two-way valve is formed by the micro-motion spring, and the valve is opened by the micro-motion valve, and the valve is compressed at the same time, and the micro-up valve The valve core is opened, air in the outside transmits oxygen to the heat preservation cylinder body through the second one-way valve, when the fan motor continuously rotates at a high speed for 2 minutes, the PLC control module transmits a control instruction for stopping rotation to the fan motor, the fan stops working, the whole oxygen supply action is completed, the temperature and humidity sensor simultaneously detects the temperature of the storage cavity of the heat preservation cylinder in real time and displays the temperature value in real time through the display screen, and the low-temperature sand storage time of the peony seeds is 3 to 4 months from the next spring under the conditions of passive geothermal heating in the third step, automatic oxygen ventilation in the fourth step and sand humidity control in the fourth step and real-time temperature monitoring.

Description

Overwintering storage method and storage device for peony seeds in alpine region Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of overwintering storage of peony seeds in alpine regions, in particular to an overwintering storage method and device of peony seeds in alpine regions. Background Peony has a cultivation history of 1600 years in China, has higher ornamental, medicinal and oil equivalent values, is also the best candidate species of China's national flowers', and is used as a prop industry for large-area concentrated planting in many places in China. Peony is divided into an original product population, a southwest product population, a Jiangnan product population and a northwest product population, and with the development of the peony industry, the planting of the peony in the alpine region also gradually forms a variety population of northeast product population, and the three-northeast provinces and the inner Mongolian autonomous region are mainly used as planting centers, so that the peony but not mountain customs becomes a history. Due to the fact that planting of peony in the alpine region is late in starting and severe in environment, the number of plants is small at present, propagation is difficult, most cold-resistant varieties screened from China, northwest and the like are introduced into the alpine region, and domestication is carried out to adapt to local climates. The sowing time of peony large-area seedling raising is that the original variety group is usually in the middle of 9 months to the late 10 months of the year, and the south and southwest product groups can be postponed until the late 11 months. However, the sowing time in the alpine region needs to be advanced to the middle ten days of 8 months, the peony seeds can be directly sowed into the field after being soaked, thick soil (5-8 cm) is covered, and straw is covered for keeping warm. The main purpose of the advanced sowing in the alpine region is to naturally finish the lamination process of the seeds in the soil, finish the after-ripening of the peony seeds and germinate in spring of the next year, thereby omitting the process of promoting the after-ripening germination of the seeds by artificial sand storage. The winter temperature in the alpine region is reduced to-30 ℃, if the seeds are sowed and grown in the middle ten days of 8 months, the peony seeds still have freezing death or vitality loss of cells of the peony seeds under the thermal insulation effect of covering thick soil and straws, so that the survival rate of the peony seedlings is reduced. For the alpine region, the measure for improving the survival rate of the peony seeds is to sow in the field in the spring of the next year for 3 to 4 months, but the peony seeds are required to be stored in a low-temperature overwintering mode to finish the after-ripening germination of the peony seeds, so that the survival rate of the peony seeds sowed in the spring of the next year is ensured. In the prior art, peony seeds are stored in a low-temperature overwintering way by sand storage and low-temperature lamination treatment; for example, patent publication number 202110449665.0 is a peony seed sand storage tank, the technical scheme comprises a tank body, an end cover is detachably arranged at a tank opening of the tank body, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a fan which extend into the tank body are arranged on the end cover, an air valve is arranged on the end cover, at least one storage area is arranged in the tank body, a sand layer, a mixing layer and a sand layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom are arranged in the storage area, and the mixing layer is a mixture of seeds and sand. The technical problem of the scheme is that the heating function is not provided, and the method is not suitable for overwintering storage of peony seeds in alpine regions (-30 ℃) because extreme freezing can inhibit enzyme activity and even cause physiological function breakdown, dormancy breaking process can not be completed, free water in embryo cells can form ice crystals at-30 ℃, cell membranes are punctured, the seeds die or lose vigor, the peony seeds can not germinate in spring next year, or germination rate is extremely low, and seedlings are malformed. The inventor develops an overwintering storage method and a storage device for peony seeds in alpine regions based on the technical defects in the prior art, and can well solve the technical problems in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an overwintering storage method and a storage device for peony seeds in a alpine region, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides relatively constant (4-5 ℃) heat energy for the peony seed overwintering storage device by utilizing shallow geothermal energy below 3 meters in the alpine region as a passive heating mode, so that temperature guarantee is provided for low-temperature sand accumulation