CN-121970632-A - Efficient and safe weeding method for tropical land rice fields

CN121970632ACN 121970632 ACN121970632 ACN 121970632ACN-121970632-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently and safely weeding between tropical land rice fields, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the steps of spraying glufosinate to kill germinated weeds 10-15 days before sowing, spraying butachlor and bensulfuron methyl to form a pre-emergence sealed medicinal film after sowing, spraying a quinclorac and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 1:1 compound preparation and a 2 methyl 4 chloro and fluroxypyr 1:1 compound preparation 15-20 days after emergence, sequentially applying cyhalofop-butyl/halosulfuron-methyl and penoxsulam compound preparation 30-35 days after emergence, spraying Shi Yuntai-lactone and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 days after secondary application, and carrying out later-middle-period supplement prevention and spraying naphthalene acetic acid, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 days after weeding.

Inventors

TANG LIQIONG
ZHU HONGLIN
WANG XINHUA
HUANG MENGSHU
CHEN JIANXIAO
LIN YANHUI
CAO GUANGPING
ZHANG YAGE
Jin Dingsha
LIU YUQING
WANG XIAONING
XU JING

Assignees

海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251210

Claims (6)

1. A method for efficiently and safely weeding between tropical land rice fields, which is characterized by comprising the following five steps of: (1) Weeding before sowing, namely spraying 200-250 ml/mu of 20% glufosinate-ammonium aqueous solution 10-15 days before sowing, and adding 30-45 kg of water to kill germinated weeds; (2) Pre-emergence sealed weeding, namely after sowing and before emergence of land rice seedlings, spraying 100-120 g/mu of 60% butachlor and 60-70 g/mu of bensulfuron methyl to 30-45 kg of water after the surface layer of soil is wet and naturally dry to form a pre-emergence sealed medicinal film; (3) Weeding in the seedling stage, namely spraying 40-50 g/mu of a quinclorac and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 1:1 compound preparation and 60-75 ml/mu of 2-methyl-4-chloro and fluroxypyr 1:1 compound preparation 15-20 days after the seedling emergence of the land rice, and adding 30-45 kg of water to perform directional weeding in the seedling stage; (4) Weeding at the initial tillering stage, namely, 30 to 35 days after seedling emergence of the land rice, sequentially performing: a) Spraying cyhalofop-butyl 35-40 ml/mu and halosulfuron-methyl 22-25 g/mu, and adding water 45 kg; b) 10 days after the application of the a), spraying 80-90 ml/mu of a compound preparation with penoxsulam content of 2.5-5% and cyhalofop-butyl content of 10-15% and 40-50 ml/mu of 2.5% penoxsulam single dose, and adding 45 kg of water; c) 3 days after the application of the b), 0.01 percent of brassinolide 3-5 ml/mu and 20-25 g/mu of monopotassium phosphate are sprayed, and 45 kg of water is added; (5) And (3) supplementing and preventing in the middle and later tillering period, namely 40 to 55 days after seedling emergence of the land rice, and if malignant weeds still exist in the field: a) Spraying 60-80 g/mu of a quinclorac and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 1:1 compound preparation, 80-100 ml/mu of a 2-methyl-4-chloro and fluroxypyr 1:1 compound preparation, and adding 45 kg of water; b) Spraying 20-25 ml/mu of 0.2% naphthylacetic acid, 25-30 g/mu of monopotassium phosphate and 600-800 g/mu of urea, and adding 45 kg of water 3 days after the application of the a); The water blending amount in the steps (1), (2) and (3) is dynamically adjusted according to the water content of the soil, wherein 45 kg/mu is adopted when the water content of the soil is lower than 15%, 30 kg/mu is adopted when the water content of the soil is higher than 25%, 35-45 kg/mu is adopted when the water content of the soil is between 15% and 25%, and the method is suitable for tropical land rice planting areas with the annual average temperature of 25-30 ℃, the annual rainfall of 1500-2000 mm and the air humidity of 80-90%.
2. The method for efficient and safe weeding between tropical land rice fields according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the field is kept in a water accumulation-free state after the application of the pesticide to the field before sowing, the pesticide application operation is performed in sunny windless weather, a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle is adopted, the working pressure is 0.2-0.3 megapascal, and the particle size of mist drops is 200-300 micrometers.
3. The method for efficient and safe weeding between tropical land rice fields according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the moisture content of the soil surface layer reaches 60% -70% of the field water holding capacity by the wetting operation of the soil surface layer, the soil surface layer is naturally dried for 12-24 hours, the surface soil is in a micro-dry and non-hardened state, and the spray droplets have a particle size of 300-400 microns, so that a stable medicinal film layer is formed on the soil surface layer.
4. The method for high-efficiency and safe weeding among tropical land rice fields according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a directional spraying technology is adopted, the height of a spray boom is 30-40 cm from the ground, the walking speed is 0.8-1.2 m/s, the leaves of the land rice are avoided, and the liquid medicine is ensured to cover the stems and leaves of weeds.
5. The method of efficient and safe weeding between tropical land rice fields according to claim 1, wherein the soil moisture content is determined in situ by means of a portable Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) to guide the dynamic adjustment of the amount of water blended.
6. The method for high-efficiency and safe weeding between tropical land rice fields according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive control effect of the method on crabgrass, gooseberry, moleplant seed and snakehead intestines is not lower than 95%, and the phytotoxicity grade of land rice is grade 0.

Description

Efficient and safe weeding method for tropical land rice fields Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently and safely weeding between tropical land rice fields. Background With the continuous optimization of tropical agricultural planting modes, land rice (dry rice) is increasingly valued in high-temperature and high-humidity areas such as Hainan, yunnan and the like due to the characteristics of water conservation, barren resistance, adaptability to abandoned lands and the like. Land rice is used as a dry-land ecological type rice, a cultivation system of the land rice gets rid of the dependence of a traditional paddy field on irrigation, but in a tropical environment with the annual average temperature higher than 25 ℃, the annual rainfall exceeding 1500 mm and the air humidity being maintained above 80% throughout the year, malignant weeds such as crabgrass, goosegrass, moldseed, snakehead intestines and the like germinate rapidly and have strong drug resistance, the yield and quality of the land rice are severely restricted, and the efficient and safe weed control becomes a technical bottleneck of the cultivation system. Among them, the existing weeding strategies mostly use paddy field experience, neglecting the significant difference between the moisture dynamic of the dry-farming soil and the medicament behavior. For example, in the prior art, cyhalofop-butyl and cyprosulfamide or halosulfuron-methyl are compounded, and although the cyhalofop-butyl and cyprosulfuron perform well under a flooding condition, the concentration of a local medicament is too high due to insufficient leaching in drought Liu Daotian, so that leaf burn and even plant death are induced. Two-stage treatment of glufosinate and cyhalofop-butyl is also tried, but the control effect is only 80% -85%, and a fine supplement prevention mechanism for pre-emergence sealing and tillering stage is lacked, so that a germination window of weeds in the whole growth stage is difficult to cover. The prior art is further limited by the technical prejudice of the industry, and the cooperative application of plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers is generally avoided. The current standard shows that the regulator is forbidden in the weeding process because the regulator possibly interferes with the absorption of the pesticide effect, while the academic research proves that the recovery effect of the naphthylacetic acid and the urea is not suitable for rice crops although the recovery effect of the naphthylacetic acid and the urea is verified on the crops such as corn and the like, and the urea is easy to cause leaf burn. Although there are attempts to compound brassinolide with herbicide, the practical effect is limited, and the fundamental contradiction that the phytotoxicity and the prevention effect are difficult to be compatible under high temperature and high humidity is not solved. Therefore, a comprehensive weeding method which is suitable for the dry farming ecology of tropical land rice, is integrated with accurate pesticide application in multiple growth periods, and is coordinated with the time sequence of the regulator in a relay rotation manner of the herbicide is needed, so that the technical breakthrough of high weed control efficiency and 0-level phytotoxicity degree is realized. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for efficiently and safely weeding tropical land rice fields, which overcomes the defects of insufficient control effect, high phytotoxicity risk and growth inhibition in the prior art under the condition of high-temperature high-humidity dry farming, realizes that the weed control effect is more than or equal to 95%, the phytotoxicity degree is 0 level and the effective tiller number is obviously improved. In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention provides a method for efficiently and safely weeding between tropical land rice fields, which comprises the following five steps of: (1) Weeding before sowing, namely spraying 200-250 ml/mu of 20% glufosinate-ammonium aqueous solution 10-15 days before sowing, and adding 30-45 kg of water to kill germinated weeds; (2) Pre-emergence sealed weeding, namely after sowing and before emergence of land rice seedlings, spraying 100-120 g/mu of 60% butachlor and 60-70 g/mu of bensulfuron methyl to 30-45 kg of water after the surface layer of soil is wet and naturally dry to form a pre-emergence sealed medicinal film; (3) Weeding in the seedling stage, namely spraying 40-50 g/mu of a quinclorac and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 1:1 compound preparation and 60-75 ml/mu of 2-methyl-4-chloro and fluroxypyr 1:1 compound preparation 15-20 days after the seedling emergence of the land rice, and adding 30-45 kg of water to perform directional weeding in the seedling stage; (4) Weeding at the initial ti