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CN-121970634-A - Method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum

CN121970634ACN 121970634 ACN121970634 ACN 121970634ACN-121970634-A

Abstract

The application provides a method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum, and relates to the technical field of pest control. The method comprises the steps of S1, growing tomato seedlings, transplanting and planting after 20-25 days of seedling, S2, planting kidney beans in staggered arrangement and in staggered period according to a intercropping mode of arranging 2 rows of kidney bean planting belts every 3-4 rows of tomatoes, S3, monitoring the density of lygus lucorum in kidney bean planting belts and the density of bemisia tabaci on tomato plants in real time after field planting of the tomato seedlings, and S4, carrying out field management. Through intercropping of kidney beans and tomatoes, the kidney beans are utilized to provide a good living habitat environment for lygus lucorum, good pest control and disease control can be realized among the whole growth period of the tomatoes, meanwhile, the yield of the tomatoes and the kidney beans can be provided well, and the economic benefit is increased.

Inventors

  • XU PENGJUN
  • REN GUANGWEI
  • WANG XIUFANG
  • SU CHENYU
  • SUN MEIXUE

Assignees

  • 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所)

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260129

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, raising tomato seedlings, and transplanting and planting the tomato seedlings after 20-25 days of raising the seedlings; S2, sowing a first batch of kidney beans according to a intercropping mode of arranging 2 rows of kidney bean planting belts for every 3-4 rows of tomatoes, namely, sowing 1-2 heads of kidney bean seedlings from 4-5-year-old lygus lucorum nymphs directly to kidney bean seedlings 10-15 days after emergence of seedlings, transplanting tomato seedlings when the kidney bean seedlings grow to 3-4 true leaves, and sowing a second batch of kidney beans after the tomato seedlings are transplanted for 25-28 days; S3, after field planting of tomato seedlings, monitoring the lygus lucorum density of kidney bean planting belts and the bemisia tabaci density on tomato plants in real time, and supplementing lygus lucorum according to the monitoring values; s4, performing field management.
  2. 2. The method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as defined in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, tomato seedling raising is carried out by adopting a plug substrate to raise tomato seedlings, adding carbendazim into the substrate for sterilization, and transplanting until 4-6 true leaves grow after 20-25 days of seedling raising.
  3. 3. The method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum according to claim 2, wherein the matrix comprises 1-1.5 parts of fennel powder, 3-6 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-20 parts of attapulgite clay, 10-20 parts of straw and 50-70 parts of vermiculite.
  4. 4. The method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum according to claim 2, wherein in the tomato seedling raising process, when tomato seedlings grow to 2-3 true leaves, spraying a medicament on both sides of the leaves 1-2 days before transplanting, wherein the spraying amount is 50-100mL of a single plant, wherein the medicament is prepared by using fennel perfume boiling liquid and glycidyl methacrylate modified carboxymethyl cellulose according to a mass ratio of (1.5-2); Wherein the fructus Foeniculi decoction is prepared by soaking fructus Foeniculi powder in 0.5-1% ethanol water for 20-30min, and water also contains 0.5-1% ethanol, and the fructus Foeniculi powder content in the fructus Foeniculi decoction is 0.8-1.2wt%.
  5. 5. The method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as claimed in claim 4, wherein the glycidyl methacrylate modified carboxymethyl cellulose is prepared by the following method: Dispersing carboxymethyl cellulose in sufficient water, regulating pH to 9-11, adding glycidyl methacrylate in the mass ratio of 10 (1-2), adding triethylamine in the mass ratio of 0.3-0.5% of carboxymethyl cellulose, reacting at 50-60 deg.c for 3-5 hr, cooling to room temperature, dialyzing and drying.
  6. 6. The method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as claimed in claim 1, wherein kidney beans are planted in 1-1.2m wide flat furrow, the kidney beans are ploughed and prepared before being planted, soil is disinfected to kill bemisia tabaci adults, nymphs, eggs and the like hidden in the soil, the kidney beans seeds are soaked in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 2-3h before being sown, then are soaked in gibberellin solution for 12-24h, and are drained after being taken out, and are sown in holes, the hole distance is 30-35cm, and each hole is 3-4 grains; The first and second kidney beans are planted in a staggered mode, and the row spacing is 30-40cm.
  7. 7. The method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as claimed in claim 1, wherein tomatoes are planted in flat furrow with the width of 1.5-1.8m, the plant spacing is 35-45cm, the row spacing in the furrow is 40-60cm, and the spacing between adjacent edges of kidney bean planting belts and tomato planting belts is 30-50cm.
  8. 8. The method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yellow board is hung after the field planting of tomato seedlings, 1 yellow board is hung every 10m 2 areas, the yellow board is hung above a tomato planting area for 50cm in height, when the adult bemisia tabaci is found, the tomato plant leaves are investigated every day, when the bemisia tabaci on the yellow board is more than 2 heads and the bemisia tabaci on each plant is more than 10 heads, the lygus lucorum is released into a greenhouse according to the density of 2-3 heads/m 2 , the density of the lygus lucorum in the tomato planting area is ensured to be more than or equal to 0.8 heads/plant 10-15 days before the fruiting period of the tomatoes, the predatory pressure is improved, and the density of the bemisia tabaci in the fruiting period is prevented from increasing suddenly; If the density of lygus lucorum on kidney bean plants is more than 10 heads/plant 10-15 days before the tomato fruiting period, the lygus lucorum does not need to be supplemented, part of kidney bean flowers are removed, 3-4 robust flowers are reserved for each plant, the food sources of the lygus lucorum are reduced, and the population quantity of the lygus lucorum is controlled.
  9. 9. The method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, in the field management process of kidney beans, after the initial flowering period and the first pod harvest, compound fertilizer is applied in strips in a kidney bean planting area, and the compound fertilizer application method is that shallow trenches are opened between two rows of kidney beans in each furrow, and 18-20kg of compound fertilizer is uniformly applied per mu.
  10. 10. The method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum as claimed in claim 9, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises, by weight, 4-5 parts of calcium superphosphate or triple superphosphate, 4-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 88-90 parts of decomposed cake fertilizer, 0.2-0.3 part of riboflavin and 0.05-0.1 part of folic acid.

Description

Method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of pest control, in particular to a method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum. Background The tomato growth period is subjected to mixed attack of various pests, such as bemisia tabaci, and the like, so that the tomato growth period is high in propagation speed and strong in adaptability, the bemisia tabaci can transmit viruses, serious threat is formed on the yield and quality of tomatoes, and great challenges are brought to control work. The conventional control means mainly uses chemical pesticides for control, but the chemical pesticides are used throughout the year, so that the whiteflies have developed different degrees of drug resistance to various pesticides. The prevention and treatment by singly adopting chemical agents are difficult to be effective. The lygus lucorum belongs to the hemiptera lygus family, is a main natural enemy of the bemisia tabaci, has strong predatory capacity, strong adaptability and strong activity, and has strong predatory effect on bemisia tabaci adults and nymphs, eggs or larvae of lepidoptera insects, spider mites (tetranychus cinnabarinus and tetranychus urticae) and other pests. The control means for controlling the bemisia tabaci by using the lygus lucorum has the advantages of high efficiency, ecology, safety and the like, and can make up the defect of chemical agent control. However, in the process of controlling bemisia tabaci by using the lygus lucorum, the quantity of the lygus lucorum needs to be matched with the burst rhythm of the bemisia tabaci to realize stable control effect, otherwise, control lag is caused. Patent CN119547678a discloses a method for preventing and controlling tomato leaf miner by using companion plants, which uses sesame to provide nutrition source and shelter place for lygus lucorum and enhances pest control capability of lygus lucorum, but does not consider the earlier stage of plant transplanting and the situation that sesame cannot provide stable place for lygus lucorum after entering senescence period, thereby failing to play good pest control effect, and affecting yield of tomatoes and sesame and economic effect. Therefore, a method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci, which can realize good bemisia tabaci pest control and can improve crop yield, is lacking at present. Disclosure of Invention The application aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum. According to the method, through intercropping of the kidney beans and the tomatoes, the kidney beans are utilized to provide a good living habitat for the lygus lucorum, good pest control and disease prevention can be realized among the whole growth period of the tomatoes, meanwhile, good yield of the tomatoes and the kidney beans can be realized, and economic benefits are increased. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a method for controlling tomato bemisia tabaci by using lygus lucorum, which comprises the following steps: s1, raising tomato seedlings, and transplanting and planting the tomato seedlings after 20-25 days of raising the seedlings; S2, sowing a first batch of kidney beans according to a intercropping mode of arranging 2 rows of kidney bean planting belts for every 3-4 rows of tomatoes, namely, sowing 1-2 heads of kidney bean seedlings from 4-5-year-old lygus lucorum nymphs directly to kidney bean seedlings 10-15 days after emergence of seedlings, transplanting tomato seedlings when the kidney bean seedlings grow to 3-4 true leaves, and sowing a second batch of kidney beans after the tomato seedlings are transplanted for 25-28 days; S3, after field planting of tomato seedlings, monitoring the lygus lucorum density of kidney bean planting belts and the bemisia tabaci density on tomato plants in real time, and supplementing lygus lucorum according to the monitoring values; s4, performing field management. The method for intercropping tomato bemisia tabaci is used for preventing and controlling tomato bemisia tabaci, kidney beans are planted before tomato transplanting, the kidney beans can provide food sources and habitat for growth of the bemisia tabaci before tomato transplanting, so that tomato seedlings cannot be eaten by the bemisia tabaci after tomato transplanting, the low-density bemisia tabaci is accessed in advance, the 'adaptation-propagation' of the bemisia tabaci is ensured to be completed before tomato transplanting by controlling the access time and density of the bemisia tabaci, a natural enemy population with a certain scale is formed, and accordingly prevention and control of bemisia tabaci in the early stage of tomato seedling growth are realized. By the method, population quantity of lygus lucorum ca