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CN-121970636-A - Garlic seedling emergence equipment and method for agricultural production

CN121970636ACN 121970636 ACN121970636 ACN 121970636ACN-121970636-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garlic planting, and relates to garlic seedling emergence equipment and a seedling emergence method for agricultural production, wherein the garlic seedling emergence equipment comprises a mulching film, a seedling guiding cylinder assembly and a phase-change heat preservation assembly, a circular through hole is formed in the mulching film, the seedling guiding cylinder assembly comprises a plurality of vertically arranged seedling guiding cylinders, the lower ends of the seedling guiding cylinders penetrate through the circular through hole and are inserted into soil, the seedling guiding cylinders comprise inner cylinders and outer cylinders, the outer cylinders are sleeved outside the inner cylinders, an annular interlayer cavity is formed between the outer cylinders and the inner cylinders, the phase-change heat preservation assembly is filled in the annular interlayer cavity, an annular flange is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the outer cylinder, the annular flange is attached to the lower surface of the mulching film and is in sealing connection with the edge of the circular through hole in a hot-press welding mode, and a covering film is arranged at the top opening of the inner side of the inner cylinder; according to the invention, the seedling guiding cylinder, the mulching film and the mulching film are enclosed together to form a closed micro-domain space, so that the air convection heat exchange is reduced, the temperature fluctuation range in the cylinder is continuously regulated by the phase-change heat-preserving unit, and the normal growth and development of seedlings in a low-temperature environment are ensured.

Inventors

  • TANG YOUQUAN

Assignees

  • 威海市花明农业科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260313

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a garlic seedling emergence equipment for agricultural production, its characterized in that includes plastic film (1), leads seedling section of thick bamboo subassembly and phase transition heat preservation subassembly (5), plastic film (1) is for laying in succession in the polyethylene film on garlic field surface, round through-hole (101) through upper and lower surface have been seted up according to garlic seeding row spacing and plant spacing on plastic film (1), lead seedling section of thick bamboo subassembly and include a plurality of vertical settings lead seedling section of thick bamboo (2), lead the lower extreme of seedling section of thick bamboo (2) and pass round through-hole (101) and insert in the soil, lead the upper end of seedling section of thick bamboo (2) and be higher than plastic film (1) surface 3-5cm, lead seedling section of thick bamboo (2) including inner tube (21) and urceolus (22), urceolus (22) cover is established in the inner tube (21) outside, the both ends of urceolus (22) and inner tube (21) are connected through hot melt, form annular cavity (201) between urceolus (22) and the intermediate layer (21), lead seedling section of thick bamboo (2) to pass through round through in-hole (101) and insert in the soil, lead seedling section of thick bamboo (2) upper end portion exceeds plastic film (1) surface 3-5cm, lead seedling section of thick bamboo (2) including inner tube (21) and urceolus (22) 2) are equipped with phase transition material, phase transition temperature change material (2) phase transition flange (2) are equipped with phase transition material, phase transition temperature change material are equipped with phase transition material (2 + phase transition flange 5) and are sealed to the outside temperature (2), the annular flange (221) is attached to the lower surface of the mulching film (1) and is in sealing connection with the edge of the circular through hole (101) in a hot-press welding mode, a covering film (3) is arranged at the opening of the top end of the inner side of the inner cylinder (21), and a tearable cross pre-cutting joint (4) is arranged on the covering film (3).
  2. 2. The garlic seedling device for agricultural production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder (21) is a cylinder made of hard polypropylene material, and the outer cylinder (22) is a sleeve made of flexible polyethylene material.
  3. 3. The garlic seedling emergence device for agricultural production according to claim 1, wherein the phase change heat preservation component (5) comprises 60 to 70% of fatty acid phase change material by mass and 30 to 40% of diatomite by mass, and the mixture is filled in the annular interlayer cavity (201) in a loose granular shape.
  4. 4. Garlic seedling apparatus for agricultural production according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid-based phase change material is selected from lauric acid, myristic acid or a eutectic mixture of lauric acid and myristic acid.
  5. 5. The garlic seedling emergence device for agricultural production according to claim 1, wherein the slit of the cross-shaped pre-slit (4) is composed of four straight slits, a circular stress relief hole is provided at the end of each slit, and the slit depth of the cross-shaped pre-slit (4) is 40% -50% of the film thickness of the film (3).
  6. 6. The garlic seedling emergence device for agricultural production according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the circular through hole (101) of the mulching film (1) is smaller than the outer diameter of the seedling guiding cylinder (2), and the seedling guiding cylinder (2) forms interference fit with the mulching film (1) when being inserted into the circular through hole (101).
  7. 7. A method for emergence of garlic seedling apparatus for agricultural production according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, after garlic sowing and soil covering are completed, paving a mulching film (1) on the surface of a garlic field entirely, and punching circular through holes (101) according to preset plant spacing positions; S2, assembling the seedling guiding cylinder (2), wherein the phase-change heat preservation component (5) is pre-filled in an annular interlayer cavity (201) between the inner cylinder (21) and the outer cylinder (22) before the seedling guiding cylinder (2) is assembled; s3, vertically inserting the seedling guiding cylinder (2) into soil from the upper part of the mulching film (1) aiming at the circular through hole (101), enabling an annular flange (221) of the seedling guiding cylinder (2) to be adhered to the lower surface of the covering film (3), and performing fusion sealing through a hot air welding gun; s4, after the garlic seeds germinate, seedlings grow upwards along the inner side of the inner cylinder (21) of the seedling guiding cylinder (2), when the seedling tips contact the cross-shaped pre-slitting (4) of the coating film (3), the seedling tips are propped open by virtue of self-growth force, and the seedling stem base is always positioned in a heat preservation environment maintained by the phase-change heat preservation assembly (5) inside the seedling guiding cylinder (2).
  8. 8. The method for sprouting garlic sprouting equipment for agricultural production according to claim 7 is characterized in that in the step S2, an annular gap between the inner barrel (21) and the bottom of the outer barrel (22) is sealed by adopting a hot air welding gun at 140 ℃ to form a lower annular sealing edge, after the phase-change heat preservation assembly (5) is filled, the annular gap between the inner barrel (21) and the top of the outer barrel (22) is sealed by adopting the hot air welding gun at 140 ℃ to form an upper annular sealing edge, and the upper annular sealing edge and the lower annular sealing edge are qualified by 30 seconds of no leakage through a pressure maintaining test under 0.05 MPa.

Description

Garlic seedling emergence equipment and method for agricultural production Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of garlic planting, in particular to garlic seedling emergence equipment and a garlic seedling emergence method for agricultural production. Background Garlic is an important cash crop widely planted worldwide, and the growth state of the emergence stage directly determines the later root development, plant stress resistance and final yield. As the concentrated seedling emergence period of garlic, sudden low-temperature disasters such as reverse spring cold and radiation frost are often encountered in spring cold regions in China, when the environmental temperature is lower than-1 ℃ and the duration is longer than 2 hours, icing damage can occur to garlic seedling cells, so that leaf yellowing and growth stagnation are caused, and when serious, direct necrosis is caused, and obvious economic loss is caused to growers. At present, main measures of the garlic in the emergence period for coping with low-temperature stress comprise a whole-field film covering technology and a smoke antifreezing technology. The whole field mulching technology has the advantages that the ground temperature is raised, the soil humidity is kept, a certain heat preservation and soil moisture preservation effect is achieved in the early period of emergence, but as seedlings grow and break the soil, the mulching film is broken, the microenvironment in the mulching film is rapidly communicated with the outside, the heat preservation effect is obviously weakened, the basal tissues of the seedling stems which just come out of the soil are tender and weak in cold resistance, and if the seedlings encounter the subsequent low-temperature weather, the seedlings are easy to freeze injury. The smoke antifreezing technology generates smoke by burning straw, sawdust and other materials, and forms an insulating layer near the ground to slow down heat dissipation, but the method is greatly influenced by wind direction, topography and other factors, the protective area has uneven phenomenon, and simultaneously the burning process releases pollutants such as carbon monoxide, particulate matters and the like, thereby having adverse effects on the atmospheric environment, not meeting the development requirements of green agriculture, and being limited in use in partial areas. In summary, the prior art cannot provide stable and continuous cold-resistant protection for the garlic seedling emergence stage, especially for the tender stem base after breaking the soil on the premise of guaranteeing the green agricultural development concept, so that a garlic seedling emergence device needs to be developed to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defect that the base part of a stem of a garlic after emergence of a garlic is short of green, stable and continuous cold-resistant protection in the prior art, and provides garlic emergence equipment and a garlic emergence method for agricultural production. The utility model provides a garlic equipment of emerging for agricultural production, includes plastic film, leads seedling section of thick bamboo subassembly and phase transition heat preservation subassembly, the plastic film is for laying in succession in the polyethylene film on garlic field surface, round through-hole that runs through upper and lower surface has been seted up according to garlic seeding row spacing and plant spacing on the plastic film, lead seedling section of thick bamboo subassembly and include a plurality of vertical guide seedling section of thick bamboo that sets up, the lower extreme that leads seedling section of thick bamboo passes round through-hole and insert in the soil, the upper end that leads seedling section of thick bamboo exceeds plastic film surface 3-5cm, lead seedling section of thick bamboo includes inner tube and urceolus, the urceolus cover is established the inner tube outside, the both ends of urceolus and inner tube are connected through the hot melt, form annular intermediate layer cavity between urceolus and the inner tube, phase transition heat preservation subassembly fill in the annular intermediate layer cavity, phase transition heat preservation subassembly comprises microcapsule encapsulated fatty acid phase change material and diatomaceous earth mixture, phase transition temperature range of phase transition heat preservation subassembly is-2 ℃ to +2 ℃, the outside flange middle part of urceolus is equipped with annular laminating in the inner tube, and pass through the urceolus cover the cross-shaped membrane seal top edge is equipped with the sealed membrane and tear the top edge of cut. Preferably, the inner cylinder is a cylinder made of hard polypropylene, and the outer cylinder is a sleeve made of flexible polyethylene. Preferably, the phase change heat preservation component comprises 60-70% of fatty acid phase change mater