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CN-121970640-A - Coconut forest ecological grass control and land culture method based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing

CN121970640ACN 121970640 ACN121970640 ACN 121970640ACN-121970640-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coconut garden land culture, in particular to a method for ecologically controlling and culturing the grass in a coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing, the method comprises removing impurities and cutting weeds in young coconut gardens, and then sowing gramineous forage grass black seed paspalum and leguminous forage grass column flowers in a mixed mode according to a mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the total seed consumption is 25-30 kg/hectare. After the grass coverage is more than 80% and the plant height is more than or equal to 30cm, introducing goose groups at the density of 15-45 goose groups per mu for gradient grazing, and stopping until the grass height is reduced to 10-15 cm. According to the invention, double grass control is realized through grass competition and goose group feeding, nitrogen fixation of leguminous plants and returning of goose manure to fields are utilized to promote soil fertility, coconut tree growth is promoted, and meanwhile, goose products are produced, so that an ecological cycle mode of raising geese by grass, controlling the grass by goose and raising land by grass is formed, the management cost is obviously reduced, and the ecological and economic double benefits are realized.

Inventors

  • HU AN
  • DONG RONGSHU
  • YANG WEIBO
  • LI XINYONG
  • TANG JUN

Assignees

  • 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260119

Claims (7)

  1. 1. A coconut forest ecological grass control and land cultivation method based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing is characterized in that young coconut gardens with good hydrothermal conditions and smooth soil layers are selected, sundries are removed, weeds are cut on the ground, the grasses and leguminous pastures are sowed, the total seed consumption is 25-30 kg/hectare, the sowing density ratio of the grasses to the leguminous pastures is 5:1, grazing is forbidden before the pasture coverage is more than 80% and the pasture plant height is more than or equal to 30cm, goose clusters are introduced after the pasture grows up to the standard, the density is 15-45 goose clusters/mu, and the grazing of the goose clusters is stopped when the pasture height is 10-15 cm.
  2. 2. The method for ecologically controlling and cultivating coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 1, wherein the gramineous plant is black seed paspalum.
  3. 3. The method for ecologically controlling and cultivating coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 1, wherein the leguminous plants are coltsfoot.
  4. 4. The method for ecologically controlling grassy and cultivating a coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 1, wherein the density is 15 or 30 per mu.
  5. 5. The method for ecologically controlling and raising grasses in coconut coir based on mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 1, wherein the concentrated feed is supplemented in a quantity of 200-300 g/day/goose when the grasses grow in a low season.
  6. 6. The method for ecologically controlling grassy and cultivating coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 5, wherein the concentrated feed is corn.
  7. 7. The method for ecologically controlling grassy and raising land in coconut forest based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing as recited in claim 1, wherein the goose group is Zhedong white goose or lion head goose.

Description

Coconut forest ecological grass control and land culture method based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of coconut garden land culture, in particular to a coconut forest ecological grass control land culture method based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing. Background The hydrothermal condition in tropical areas is excellent, and the weeds in coconut forests grow rapidly. These weeds not only compete with coconut trees for water, light and soil nutrients, resulting in reduced coconut yield and quality, but also add significantly to the cost of garden management. At present, the common weed management mode under the coconut forest mainly has the following defects: Manual/mechanical weeding is high in labor intensity, frequency and cost, and continuous operation is difficult in rainy seasons. If the removed weeds are not removed, nutrients are easy to lose after decomposition, and if the removed weeds are removed, the circulation of substances in the ecological system is interrupted. Chemical weeding, namely, soil residue and environmental pollution are easy to cause after long-term use of herbicide, coconut tree root systems can be damaged, and the drug resistance of weeds is enhanced, so that the ecological balance under the forest is destroyed. The grass (cover) is grown under the simple forests, and although part of weeds can be restrained by simply planting one kind of cover plants (such as gramineous grass), the ecological function is single, the soil improvement effect is limited, the biomass is not economically utilized, and the grass can become a new management burden. Single livestock and poultry grazing, namely, the grazing poultry such as geese and the like are tried to be bred in an orchard, but if the grazing varieties are single or are roughly managed, excessive feeding, soil hardening and grazing community degradation are easy to occur, a stable symbiotic system cannot be formed, and the grass control and fattening effects are not sustainable. Thus, there is a strong need for an ecological, sustainable, under-coir integrated management technology that can produce additional economic benefits to achieve multiple goals of long-term effective weed control, soil fertility improvement, and primary crop (coconut) growth promotion. Disclosure of Invention Based on the problems, the invention provides a coconut forest ecological grass control and land culture method based on pasture mixed sowing and gradient grazing, and the method constructs a multifunctional composite agricultural ecological system. The coconut forest canopy provides a proper microenvironment for the lower layer, the mixed-seeding grasslands (black seed paspalum and columniform grass) have the functions of inhibiting weeds, fixing nitrogen and fertilizing and providing high-quality feed, the gradient grazing of geese is a key driving link for realizing systemic substance circulation and energy flow, the feeding behavior controls the height of the grasslands and weeds, the excreta of the geese are directly returned to the field, the grass roots and litters are used for nourishing the soil together, and finally, the feedback promotes the growth of coco trees, and meanwhile, economic byproducts such as goose meat, goose eggs and the like are produced. The method specifically comprises the following steps: Selecting young coconut gardens with good hydrothermal conditions and relatively smooth soil layers, removing sundries and toxic and thorn-bearing malignant weeds, and carrying out ground mowing and turnover pressing mowing on other weeds. Step two, sowing gramineae and leguminous forage in the garden after rain or after manual irrigation, wherein the total seed consumption is 25-30 kg/hectare, and the sowing density of the gramineae and leguminous forage is 5:1. Preferably, the grass is paspalum nigrum. Preferably, the leguminous plant is a stylosanthes guianensis. And thirdly, prohibiting grazing before the grass coverage is more than 80% and the grass plant height is more than or equal to 30cm, introducing the goose group after the grass grows to reach the standard, and stopping grazing the goose group when the grass height is 10-15cm, wherein the density is 15-45 pieces per mu. Most preferably, the density is 15 or 30 per mu. Preferably, the corn concentrated feed is properly supplemented in the season of low forage grass growth, and the supplement amount is 200-300 g/day/goose. Preferably, the goose group is Zhedong white goose or lion head goose. The invention has the following advantages: (1) According to the invention, the black seed paspalum with strong competition is used for rapidly covering the ground surface to spatially squeeze weeds, and the flourishing creeping growth of the columniform is used for further inhibiting the germination of the weeds. The feeding preference (tender weeds are happy to eat) of the geese can remove the weeds leaki