CN-121970656-A - Intercropping planting method for improving yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting, in particular to a intercropping method for improving yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis, which comprises the steps of intercropping crops and rhizoma atractylodis, regulating rhizosphere microorganism abundance and diversity of the rhizoma atractylodis by using the crops, and reducing the relative abundance and diversity of pathogenic bacteria, wherein the intercropping is carried out on the crops and the rhizoma atractylodis according to a row ratio of 1:2, the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the rhizoma atractylodis is 25 cm-35 cm, the plant spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the crop is 10 cm-20 cm, the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the crops is 40 cm-50 cm, the plant spacing between the crops and the crop is 30 cm-40 cm, and the crop is at least one of corn, wheat and millet. According to the invention, through setting the specific row spacing and plant spacing, the rhizosphere microorganism abundance and diversity of the rhizoma atractylodis are regulated and controlled, the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria is reduced, the continuous cropping obstacle is lightened, the yield of the rhizoma atractylodis is improved, the volatile oil content is improved, the quality of medicinal materials is effectively improved, the ecological protection and the economic benefit are both considered, and the method is suitable for large-scale ecological rhizoma atractylodis planting.

Inventors

• ZHANG WEIPING
• WEN XINYI
• XUE KAINING
• ZHANG JIARUI
• LIU LIN
• QIAO XU
• DUAN XIAOYANG
• GUO ZHONGYANG
• LV HAORAN
• TANG YURUI

Assignees

• 中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260206

Claims (9)

1. 1. The intercropping planting method for improving the yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis by regulating rhizosphere microorganisms is characterized in that crops are intercropped with rhizoma atractylodis, and the abundance and diversity of rhizoma atractylodis rhizosphere microorganisms are regulated and controlled by the crops, so that the relative abundance and diversity of pathogenic bacteria are reduced; the intercropping is carried out on crops and rhizoma atractylodis in a row ratio of 1:2, wherein the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the rhizoma atractylodis is 25 cm-35 cm, the plant spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the rhizoma atractylodis is 10 cm-20 cm, the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the crops is 40 cm-50 cm, and the plant spacing between the crops is 30 cm-40 cm; The crop is at least one of corn, wheat and millet.
2. 2. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein the rhizoma Atractylodis is north rhizoma Atractylodis (Atractylodes chinensis (dc.) koidz.).
3. 3. The intercropping method of claim 1, wherein the regulated microorganisms comprise at least one of the following: (1) Bacteria of Proteus (Proteus), rhizopus (Chloroflexi), acidovorus (Acidobacteriota), actinomyces (Actinobacteriota), pseudomonas (WPS-2), thick-walled (Firmicutes), and Acidovorus (Gemmatimonadota); (2) Fungi ascomycota (Ascomycota), zygomycota (Mortierellomycota), basidiomycota (Basidiomycota).
4. 4. A method of intercropping according to claim 3, wherein the method of intercropping reduces the relative abundance of ascomycota (Ascomycota) in the rhizosphere soil of atractylis.
5. 5. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein the improvement of the quality of rhizoma atractylodis is to increase the total concentration of volatile oil, the content of coumarone and/or the content of beta-eucalyptol.
6. 6. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the planted soil layer is 0 cm-40 cm.
7. 7. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein the soil has a pH of 5.0 to 6.5.
8. 8. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein the growing period of the planted plants is 4 months to 10 months per year.
9. 9. The intercropping planting method according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization management adopts organic and inorganic coordination application, the total nitrogen application amount is 180kg/ha, the total phosphorus fertilizer application amount is 225kg/ha, and the total potassium fertilizer application amount is 105kg/ha.

Description

Intercropping planting method for improving yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product planting, in particular to an intercropping planting method for improving yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis. Background Rhizoma atractylodis (Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz.) is a perennial herb of Compositae, and the dried rhizome of rhizoma atractylodis is used as a medicine, is called rhizoma atractylodis, has a slightly sweet, pungent and bitter taste, has the effects of eliminating dampness and strengthening spleen, dispelling wind and removing dirt, dispelling cold and improving eyesight, and is one of common traditional Chinese medicines. In recent years, the market scale of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is continuously enlarged, and the rhizoma atractylodis in north shows strong development potential of industry. However, rhizoma atractylodis is slow to grow, and 5-6 years are required from sowing to harvesting. Along with the increase of the cultivation period, the disease occurrence rate and the death rate of the plant are obviously increased, especially the diseases such as southern blight, root rot and the like are frequently generated, so that obvious continuous cropping obstacles are caused. Meanwhile, the problem of seed source mixing is remarkable, and a plurality of variation types and even rhizoma atractylodis are mixed in the same land, so that the quality and planting benefit of medicinal materials are seriously affected. Wild resources are seriously exhausted due to the long-term abusive harvest and insufficient regeneration capability, and artificial cultivation becomes a main way for relieving the contradiction between supply and demand. However, artificial single planting often results in poor growth of rhizoma atractylodis, and reduced yield and quality. And chemical fertilizers and pesticides are adopted to improve the yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis, and serious environmental problems are brought. The long-term use of a large amount of chemical fertilizer can lead to soil acidification and hardening, destroy the structure, reduce permeability and fertilizer retention capacity, cause the pollution of soil and water system by pesticide residues, harm biological diversity and threaten human health through a food chain. Therefore, development of a planting method capable of improving yield and quality of rhizoma Atractylodis is needed. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an intercropping planting method for improving the yield and the quality of rhizoma atractylodis. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the intercropping planting method for improving the yield and quality of rhizoma atractylodis by regulating rhizosphere microorganisms is characterized in that crops are intercropped with rhizoma atractylodis, and the abundance and diversity of rhizoma atractylodis rhizosphere microorganisms are regulated and controlled by the crops, so that the relative abundance and diversity of pathogenic bacteria are reduced. The intercropping is carried out on crops and rhizoma atractylodis at a row ratio of 1:2, wherein the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the rhizoma atractylodis is 25 cm-35 cm, the plant spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the rhizoma atractylodis is 10 cm-20 cm, the row spacing between the rhizoma atractylodis and the crops is 40 cm-50 cm, and the plant spacing between the crops is 30 cm-40 cm. The crop is at least one of corn, wheat and millet. Preferably, the rhizoma Atractylodis is north rhizoma Atractylodis (Atractylodes chinensis (dc.) koidz.). Preferably, the regulated microorganism comprises at least one of the following: (1) Bacteria include Proteus (Proteus), acidomycota (Chloroflexi), acidomycota (Acidobacteriota), actinomycota (Actinobacteriota), pseudomonas (WPS-2), acidomycota (Firmicutes) and Acidomycota (Gemmatimonadota). (2) Fungi ascomycota (Ascomycota), zygomycota (Mortierellomycota), basidiomycota (Basidiomycota). Preferably, the intercropping method can reduce the relative abundance of ascomycota (Ascomycota) in rhizosphere soil of rhizoma atractylodis. Preferably, the improvement of the quality of rhizoma atractylodis means that the total concentration of volatile oil is improved, the content of the coumarone alcohol is increased and/or the content of beta-eucalyptol is increased. Preferably, the depth of the planted soil layer is 0 cm-40 cm. Preferably, the pH value of the soil is 5.0-6.5. Preferably, the period of growth of the planted plant is from 4 months to 10 months per year. Preferably, the fertilization management adopts organic-inorganic compound fertilization, the total nitrogen application amount is 180kg/ha, the total phosphorus fertilizer application amount is 225kg/ha, and the total potassium fertilizer application amount is 105kg/ha. Compared with the