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CN-121970657-A - Planting method of potatoes

CN121970657ACN 121970657 ACN121970657 ACN 121970657ACN-121970657-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato planting method in the field of agricultural planting, which comprises the steps of firstly synthesizing a nanogel material through a precise sol-gel and in-situ polymerization process, forming a titanium alkoxide precursor under the protection of inertia, introducing an organic monomer and a doping agent, triggering synchronous hydrolysis polymerization reaction, and finally calcining at a low temperature to obtain a product with a stable hybridization structure. The special cultivation substrate is prepared from the material, vermiculite, turf and slow release fertilizer according to a specific proportion. During planting, the potato seeds are disinfected, diced and mixed, deep ploughed and ridged, the matrix is applied in a sowing ditch and sowed, irrigation is carried out according to soil moisture content, gao Jia water-soluble fertilizer is applied in a key expansion period, and the late blight is monitored, prevented and controlled until harvest. According to the invention, through the synergistic effect of the materials and the method, the rhizosphere microenvironment can be effectively optimized, the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the crop resistance is enhanced, and finally the yield and quality improvement of the potatoes and the simplification and labor saving of the planting process are realized.

Inventors

  • ZHANG ZHIWEI
  • XU GUOPING
  • WANG ZEMIN
  • XIA ZHENGLIN
  • SHI DANDAN
  • ZHU LINHUA
  • Duo Maohui

Assignees

  • 临夏回族自治州农业科学院
  • 甘肃农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260227

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A potato planting method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, selecting healthy detoxified seed potatoes which have passed a dormancy stage, cutting the seed potatoes into blocks by using a cutter sterilized by potassium permanganate solution to obtain the cut seed potatoes, and mixing the seed potatoes after cutting with mixed powder of thiophanate methyl and talcum powder to obtain pretreated seed potatoes; S2, deep ploughing and raking up land, ridging, digging a sowing ditch in the center of the ridge surface, filling a culture medium into the ditch bottom to obtain a medium layer, placing the pretreated potato seeds on the medium layer with the bud eyes facing upwards, and covering the pretreated potato seeds with soil; S3, irrigation is carried out along furrows, irrigation is carried out according to weather conditions and the dryness and humidity of the soil surface layer in the whole growth period, topdressing is carried out in the tuber expansion period, and a drip irrigation mode is adopted to apply high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer along with water; s4, monitoring late blight in the middle and later growth stages, removing central disease plants, spraying fluazinam, and harvesting on a sunny day when most stems and leaves of the plants become yellow and withered.
  2. 2. The potato planting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the boron-nitrogen co-doped titanium-based organic-inorganic hybrid nanogel, vermiculite and turf is 1:15:15.
  3. 3. The potato planting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the depth of deep ploughing of the land is 25-35cm, and the thickness of the cultivation substrate filled into the trench bottom is 4-6cm.
  4. 4. The potato planting method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the amount of the high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 5-8 kg/mu.
  5. 5. The potato planting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, fluazinam is sprayed in an amount of 40-60 mL/mu.
  6. 6. The method of planting potatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preparation step of the boron-nitrogen co-doped titanium-based organic-inorganic hybrid nanogel comprises: A1, under the protection of dry nitrogen, sequentially adding absolute ethyl alcohol and acetylacetone into a three-necked flask to obtain a mixture, cooling the mixture to 0-5 ℃, dropwise adding isopropyl titanate to obtain a titanium alkoxide chelate precursor solution, heating the titanium alkoxide chelate precursor solution to 38-42 ℃, and continuously stirring and curing to obtain a cured precursor solution; A2, sequentially adding acrylamide, N' -methylenebisacrylamide, boric acid and urea into the curing precursor solution, heating to 58-62 ℃, and continuously stirring to obtain a mixed solution; A3, heating the mixed solution to 68-72 ℃, dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid and ethanol, and then adding a deionized water solution containing ammonium persulfate; And A4, sealing and aging the wet gel product at room temperature, transferring the wet gel product into a blast drying oven, drying at 78-82 ℃ to obtain dry organic-inorganic hybrid xerogel, grinding the dry organic-inorganic hybrid xerogel to obtain coarse powder, placing the coarse powder into a tubular furnace, and heating to 180-200 ℃ under the protection of argon gas for calcination.
  7. 7. The potato planting method of claim 6, wherein in step A1, the time for continuing the agitation and the aging is 1 to 2 hours.
  8. 8. The potato planting method of claim 6, wherein in step A2, the stirring is continued for 30 to 40 minutes.
  9. 9. The potato planting method of claim 6, wherein in step A3, the reaction is continued for 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
  10. 10. The potato planting method of claim 6, wherein in step A4, the calcination time at 180-200 ℃ is 2-3 hours.

Description

Planting method of potatoes Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a planting method of potatoes. Background The potato is used as a global important grain and vegetable crop, and the production stability and the efficiency improvement of the potato have key significance for guaranteeing food supply. However, the traditional potato planting mode has long faced several prominent bottlenecks, limiting its sustainable development. On one hand, the conventional cultivation has larger consumption on soil resources, is easy to cause hardening of a cultivation layer structure, organic matter attenuation and unbalance of microbial communities, and further causes the decrease of the water and fertilizer retaining capacity of soil and the increase of the breeding risk of soil-borne diseases, thereby directly preventing healthy formation and expansion of tubers. On the other hand, the extensive water and fertilizer management which is generally relied on for pursuing the yield not only causes low utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients and increases the production cost, but also brings environmental pressure of agricultural non-point source pollution. In addition, disease prevention and control represented by late blight mainly depends on periodic chemical pesticide spraying, and the passive response mode can reduce the effect due to the enhancement of drug resistance, and aggravate the product safety and ecological safety risks. Although the prior art attempts to partially alleviate the above contradictions by improving the matrix formulation, promoting drip irrigation facilities or implementing comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests, these efforts are often self-contained and lack a comprehensive solution capable of synergistically improving the physical structure of soil, intelligently regulating water and fertilizer supply and systematically enhancing the stress resistance of plants from the core interface of the rhizosphere of crops. With the cross fusion of material science and agricultural science, improvement of agricultural production conditions by using functional materials has become an active research direction. Among them, organic-inorganic hybrid materials are attracting attention due to their designable functionality and structural stability. The academy has tried to introduce some nano materials or polymer water-retaining agents into soil in order to achieve the purposes of preserving soil moisture, slow release or regulating microbial activities. However, most of the attempts have obvious limitations that some nano materials have high cost, unknown environmental behaviors and long-term ecological risks and are difficult to be used for large-scale agriculture, common water-retaining agents have single functions, poor durability in complex soil chemistry and biological environments and insufficient matching degree for soil nutrient circulation and the whole period of crop growth. More importantly, the prior material technology is rarely specially customized for the specific growth habit of the potatoes and the rhizosphere environmental characteristics of the potatoes, and the versatility of the material (such as structural support, nutrient slow release and disease inhibition) cannot be dynamically coupled with the actual demands of the potatoes in different breeding stages. Therefore, developing a special functional material which has good environmental compatibility, controllable cost and can be in seamless connection with the efficient cultivation agriculture of potatoes and an application method thereof becomes a technical blank to be broken through in the field. In summary, the technical problems existing in the current potato planting field are concentrated on the aspects of soil environment degradation, low resource utilization efficiency, high disease prevention and control pressure and the like, while the existing improvement technology has the fragmentation characteristic and lacks a high-performance special agricultural material as a support. While advances in materials science have provided new tools, the conversion thereof into stable, efficient, and feasible agricultural practices remains a challenge. Therefore, a brand new technical path is urgently needed to be invented, which not only needs to create a special functional material capable of fundamentally optimizing the rhizosphere microenvironment of the potatoes, but also needs to be matched with a cultivation management scheme which is deeply matched with the special functional material, is simple and convenient to operate and can be standardized and popularized, so that the comprehensive benefit of potato planting is systematically improved, and the industry is promoted to convert and upgrade to the directions of resource saving, environmental friendliness and high yield. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the