CN-121970698-A - Water fowl hatching egg disinfection detection grading method and system

CN121970698ACN 121970698 ACN121970698 ACN 121970698ACN-121970698-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waterfowl cultivation, and discloses a waterfowl egg disinfection detection grading method and system. The method comprises the steps of egg pretreatment, gradient collaborative disinfection, multi-dimensional nondestructive testing and intelligent grading and sorting which are sequentially executed, wherein the gradient collaborative disinfection adopts an alternating collaborative process of primary low-temperature plasma treatment, ozone permeation treatment and secondary low-temperature plasma treatment, the multi-dimensional nondestructive testing synchronously carries out machine vision, near infrared spectrum analysis and mechanical property detection to complete space-time registration and fusion of multi-source detection characteristics, a grading evaluation model is constructed, and grading and automatic sorting of egg hatching priority are realized. The invention solves the problems of incomplete sterilization and easy damage to embryos, single detection dimension and rough grading of the existing hatching eggs, combines the sterilization effect and the embryo safety, improves the detection precision and grading accuracy of the hatching eggs, can obviously improve the hatching egg hatching rate and the healthy chick rate, and is suitable for the production requirements of large-scale waterfowl cultivation.

Inventors

LU YAN
YANG ZHIHAO
Xiao Fangli
HONG QIWEI
LIN WEICHAO
LIN ZEYUAN

Assignees

华南农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260325

Claims (10)

1. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the waterfowl hatching eggs is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, preprocessing, namely carrying out surface impurity removal treatment on collected waterfowl hatching eggs, and carrying out constant temperature and constant humidity air drying treatment on the hatching eggs subjected to impurity removal to obtain clean hatching eggs; s2, performing gradient collaborative disinfection, namely sequentially performing primary low-temperature plasma treatment, ozone permeation treatment and secondary low-temperature plasma treatment on the clean hatching eggs, and completing alternating gradient collaborative disinfection to obtain disinfected hatching eggs; s3, carrying out multidimensional nondestructive testing, namely synchronously carrying out machine vision testing, near infrared spectrum analysis testing and mechanical property testing on the sterilized hatching eggs, respectively obtaining a plurality of groups of testing characteristics of the hatching eggs, and carrying out space-time registration and fusion on all the testing characteristics to obtain a multidimensional testing index set corresponding to a single hatching egg; s4, intelligent grading sorting, namely, dividing index types and constructing a grading evaluation model based on a multi-dimensional detection index set, grading hatching priority of hatching eggs through the grading evaluation model, and driving an automatic executing mechanism according to grading results to finish sorting of the hatching eggs.
2. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of waterfowl according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, dust impurities on the surfaces of the hatching eggs are removed through a negative pressure dust removing device, neutral electrolyzed water is sprayed on the surfaces of the hatching eggs through a spraying device, solid impurities attached to the surfaces of the hatching eggs are removed, and after spraying is completed, constant-temperature sterile air flow is conveyed to the surfaces of the hatching eggs through a sterile air curtain, so that air drying treatment of the surfaces of the hatching eggs is completed.
3. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of waterfowl according to claim 1, wherein the gradient collaborative disinfection of the step S2 comprises the following steps: s21, feeding clean hatching eggs into an atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma reaction cavity, fixing the posture of the hatching eggs, setting plasma discharge parameters and reaction cavity environment parameters, and performing primary low-temperature plasma treatment on the hatching eggs; s22, transferring the first-stage treated hatching eggs to a closed ozone disinfection cavity, setting ozone concentration and environmental temperature and humidity parameters in the disinfection cavity, and performing ozone permeation treatment on the hatching eggs; S23, sending the hatching eggs subjected to ozone treatment into the low-temperature plasma reaction cavity again, setting plasma discharge parameters, and executing secondary low-temperature plasma treatment on the hatching eggs.
4. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of the waterfowl according to claim 1, wherein in the machine vision detection of the step S3, panoramic images of the front and the back of the hatching eggs are collected through a double-view area array camera, the collected images are transmitted to an image processing unit, the images are identified and processed through a pre-trained defect detection model, and eggshell crack characteristics, dirt area occupation ratio characteristics and egg shape index characteristics of the hatching eggs are extracted.
5. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the aquatic bird hatching eggs according to claim 1, wherein in the near infrared spectrum analysis and detection of the step S3, detection light is emitted to the hatching eggs through a light source of a near infrared transmission spectrum acquisition device, transmitted light penetrating through the hatching eggs is received through a spectrometer, near infrared transmission spectrum data of the hatching eggs in a preset wave band range are obtained, the pre-processed near infrared transmission spectrum data are input into a pre-trained spectrum analysis model, and eggshell thickness characteristics, air chamber duty ratio characteristics, yolk index characteristics, protein pH value characteristics and embryo development stage characteristics of the hatching eggs are extracted.
6. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of the waterfowl according to claim 1, wherein in the mechanical property detection of the step S3, at least 3 detection points which are uniformly distributed are selected on the equatorial plane of the hatching eggs through a high-precision micro-force sensing detection device, eggshell anti-crushing strength detection is sequentially carried out on each detection point, the strength data of each detection point are obtained, eggshell mechanical strength characteristics of the hatching eggs are obtained, and all the characteristics obtained by machine vision detection, near infrared spectrum analysis detection and mechanical property detection are subjected to one-to-one corresponding registration by taking the unique identification of a single hatching egg as a reference, and normalization processing is carried out on all the characteristic data after registration.
7. The method for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of waterfowl according to claim 1, wherein said step S4 comprises the following steps: S41, dividing each index in the multi-dimensional detection index set into three types of core rejection indexes, key evaluation indexes and auxiliary optimization indexes according to preset rules; S42, constructing a grading evaluation model, distributing weights to key evaluation indexes and carrying out quantization scoring, and establishing a grading rule of hatching egg incubation priority by combining a withering rule of auxiliary optimization indexes and a judging result of core overrule indexes; s43, grading and grading are carried out on the single hatching eggs through a grading evaluation model and a grading rule, grading results are transmitted to an automatic sorting executing mechanism, and hatching eggs with different grades are respectively transported to corresponding storage areas through the executing mechanism.
8. A waterfowl hatching egg disinfection detection grading system, which is characterized by being used for realizing the waterfowl hatching egg disinfection detection grading method according to any one of claims 1-7, and comprising a hatching egg pretreatment module, a gradient collaborative disinfection module, a multi-dimensional nondestructive detection module, an intelligent grading and sorting module, and a central control module which is respectively electrically connected and in communication with the modules; The hatching egg pretreatment module is internally provided with a negative pressure dust removal unit, a spraying unit and a sterile air drying unit, and is used for sequentially performing dust removal, spraying impurity removal and air drying treatment on the waterfowl hatching eggs; The gradient collaborative disinfection module is internally provided with two groups of low-temperature plasma reaction units, a closed ozone disinfection unit and a closed conveying unit, and sequentially performs two low-temperature plasma treatments and one ozone permeation treatment on the hatching eggs; The multi-dimensional nondestructive testing module is internally provided with a machine vision testing unit, a near infrared spectrum analysis unit, a micro-force mechanical testing unit and a multi-source data fusion unit, synchronously collects a plurality of groups of testing characteristics of hatching eggs and completes characteristic fusion; The intelligent grading and sorting module is internally provided with a grade judging unit and an automatic sorting executing unit, so that grading and automatic sorting of hatching eggs are completed; and the central control module issues control parameters to each module, collects the operation data and the detection data of each module and coordinates the operation time sequence of each module.
9. The system for detecting and grading the disinfection of the hatching eggs of waterfowl according to claim 8, wherein the first low-temperature plasma reaction unit, the closed ozone disinfection unit and the second low-temperature plasma reaction unit of the gradient collaborative disinfection module are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the hatching eggs, the conveying track of the closed conveying unit penetrates through the cavities of the three units, and the disinfection control subunit is respectively in communication connection with the first low-temperature plasma reaction unit, the closed ozone disinfection unit, the second low-temperature plasma reaction unit, the closed conveying unit and the central control module.
10. The system for disinfecting, detecting and grading the hatching eggs of waterfowl according to claim 8, wherein the machine vision detection unit, the near infrared spectrum analysis unit and the micro-force mechanics detection unit of the multi-dimensional nondestructive detection module are sequentially arranged along the hatching egg detection station, the input end of the multi-source data fusion unit is respectively connected with the signal output ends of the machine vision detection unit, the near infrared spectrum analysis unit and the micro-force mechanics detection unit, and the output end of the multi-source data fusion unit is in communication connection with the grade judgment unit of the central control module and the intelligent grading and sorting module.

Description

Water fowl hatching egg disinfection detection grading method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of waterfowl breeding, in particular to a pretreatment technology before hatching of waterfowl hatching eggs, and specifically relates to a disinfection detection grading method and system for waterfowl hatching eggs. Background Hatching eggs are used as a core front link of the whole industry chain of aquatic bird cultivation, and the pretreatment quality before hatching directly determines the economic benefit of the whole cultivation period. The method is characterized in that disinfection and sterilization, quality detection and classified screening before hatching eggs enter hatching are not only core factors for determining hatching egg hatching rate, healthy chick rate and chick-out uniformity, but also key prevention and control nodes for blocking vertical transmission epidemic diseases such as avian leukosis, salmonella and the like, and are directly related to epidemic disease prevention and control safety and cost control capability of large-scale cultivation. Two main core pain points, namely, the first one, are common in the pretreatment procedure before hatching of the current large-scale waterfowl hatchery, and the sterilization thoroughly and embryo safety cannot be considered in the sterilization link. The traditional formaldehyde fumigation has wide sterilization range, but is extremely easy to cause damage to egg embryos and harmful residues on the surfaces of eggshells, meanwhile, the occupational exposure risk of operators and the environment-friendly compliance pressure of exhaust gas emission are increasingly prominent, the disinfectant sprays or soaks to sterilize, cross contamination among eggs is extremely easy to cause in batch treatment, and the disinfectant is easy to permeate into the interior through eggshell micropores, so that the normal development of the embryos is directly influenced. In the second step, in the detection and classification step, medium-and small-scale cultivation still depends on manual naked eye observation and egg lighting spot inspection, the efficiency is low, the error is large, core indexes such as eggshell thickness, embryo vitality, mechanical strength and the like cannot be detected, the existing automatic detection is mostly a single-dimension scheme, only appearance or internal single index detection can be realized, a multi-source data fusion mechanism is lacked, hatching egg hatching potential cannot be comprehensively evaluated, a classification system is extensive, fine division of hatching priority is difficult to realize, and hatching resource waste is easy to cause. In the existing automatic detection technology, a large number of single-dimension detection schemes exist, and meanwhile, related patent technologies of partial multi-index detection exist: The publication number is CN116636481A, and discloses an intelligent determination method and equipment for egg laying performance and egg quality of poultry. The scheme has obvious technical limitations that 1, only appearance characteristics and weight information of the hatching eggs can be obtained, core internal quality indexes determining hatching performance such as eggshell thickness, air chamber ratio, egg yolk and egg white state and embryo vitality can not be detected, detection dimension is seriously insufficient, matching degree between a grading result and actual hatching potential of the hatching eggs is extremely low, 2, whole-flow integrated treatment before hatching of the hatching eggs can not be realized due to the scheme without integrating hatching egg pretreatment and disinfection procedures, secondary pollution of the hatching eggs is easily caused in a procedure dispersion and transportation process, and the treatment efficiency is difficult to meet the requirement of large-scale production. The publication number is CN111802281B, a fiber spectrum grading detection device and a method for fertilized eggs in pre-hatching duck eggs are disclosed, and nondestructive detection of fertilized information of the duck eggs is realized through near infrared transmission spectrum. The technical short plate of the scheme is quite outstanding in that only single judgment of fertilization or not can be completed, appearance and structure safety indexes such as eggshell cracks, dirt, mechanical strength and the like cannot be detected, key hatching performance indexes such as protein freshness, embryo development stage and the like cannot be quantitatively evaluated, comprehensive evaluation of hatching egg hatching potential cannot be realized, meanwhile, the scheme does not relate to a hatching egg disinfection process, and full-flow continuous processing capability from pretreatment, disinfection to classification is not formed, so that the scheme is difficult to be directly applied to a hatching egg pretreatment production line of a large-sca