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CN-121970731-A - Method for treating dregs of a decoction by utilizing white star flower scarab larvae

CN121970731ACN 121970731 ACN121970731 ACN 121970731ACN-121970731-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradation, in particular to a method for treating dreg by utilizing white star flower scarab beetle larvae, which comprises the following steps of crushing fresh dreg with water content of 75-85%, inoculating a compound microbial agent (comprising cellulose degrading bacteria, lignin degrading bacteria and saccharomycetes), and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 7-15 days at 40-50 ℃ to obtain a pretreated dreg substrate, wherein the inoculation amount of the compound microbial agent is 0.5-2% of the weight of the dreg. By utilizing the vigorous feeding and digestion capacity of the white star flower scarab larvae, the treatment period of the dregs is shortened to 35-45 days, which is obviously higher than that of traditional compost, thereby realizing the rapid reduction of wastes and realizing the high efficiency and reduction.

Inventors

  • LI CHENGCAN
  • GUAN RUIMING
  • XU ZIHAO

Assignees

  • 广州甲源生物科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260205

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A method for treating dregs by using white star flower scarab beetle larvae, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Crushing fresh medicinal residues with the water content of 75-85%, inoculating a compound microbial agent, and performing aerobic fermentation at 40-50 ℃ for 7-15 days to obtain a pretreated medicinal residue matrix, wherein the inoculation amount of the compound microbial agent is 0.5-2% of the weight of the medicinal residue. And II, placing the pretreated residue substrate obtained in the step I on a multi-layer culture rack, wherein the thickness of each layer of substrate is 15-25cm. Firstly, 2-year-old white-star-flower scarab larvae are inoculated, the inoculation density is 1.0-1.5 kg/m < 2 >, and after 5-7 days, 1-year-old white-star-flower scarab larvae are evenly supplemented to the surface layer of the same material bed, and the inoculation density is 0.5-0.8 kg/m < 2 >. Controlling the temperature of the culture environment to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 60-70%. Turning the bed once every 5 days, and dynamically supplementing the fresh pretreated residue substrate prepared in the first step from the top of the bed according to substrate consumption, wherein the supplementing amount is suitable for covering the exposed larvae. And step four, after the cultivation period is 35-45 days, grading and harvesting by adopting screens with different apertures. Mature larvae are separated by a large-hole sieve with 8 meshes and the diameter of 2.36mm, and then the larva is separated from low-age larvae and eggs by a fine sieve with 30 meshes and the diameter of 0.6 mm. The obtained mature larva is used for processing protein powder or extracting grease, the insect manure sand is used as an organic fertilizer, and the low-age larva and the eggs are returned to the system for continuous culture.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the composite microbial agent consists of aspergillus niger, phanerochaete chrysosporium and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the effective viable count ratio range is (2-3): 1-2): 1-1.5.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step one, the aerobic fermentation is periodically turned over at a frequency of once every 2 to 3 days to ensure that the temperature of the center of the fermentation is maintained at 40 to 50 ℃.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the multi-layered cultivation frame has 3 to 5 layers, and the layer spacing is not less than 40 cm, so as to facilitate operation and ensure ventilation.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step three, the dynamic replenishment is based on substrate consumption, and the criterion is replenishment when more than 30% of larvae are exposed to the surface of the bed.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the turning of the material bed is performed manually or mechanically to a depth of 10-15 cm to avoid damaging the larval habitat at the bottom of the material bed.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step four, the specific operation of grading harvesting is that the whole material bed material is firstly passed through an 8-mesh screen, the oversize material is aged larva, then the undersize material passing through the 8-mesh screen is passed through a 30-mesh screen, the oversize material is low-age larva and egg, and the undersize material is faeces and sand.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the mature larva is processed by the steps of fast-feeding with clean water and purifying for 24-48 hours, directly freeze-drying and crushing to obtain insect protein powder, or squeezing and extracting oil, and then drying insect residues to obtain defatted insect protein powder.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step four, the separated low-age larvae and eggs are directly mixed with a proper amount of fresh pretreatment dreg substrates, and returned to the culture system of step two to be used as the insect source of the subsequent batch for continuous culture.

Description

Method for treating dregs of a decoction by utilizing white star flower scarab larvae Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradation, in particular to a method for treating dregs by utilizing white star flower scarab larvae. Background The Chinese medicine has great amount of dregs produced during its production process, and the main components include plant cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, residual starch, protein and other organic matters. At present, the treatment mode of the traditional Chinese medicine residues mainly comprises landfill, incineration and common composting raw materials. These conventional methods have the following drawbacks: landfill, which occupies a large amount of land resources, is easy to produce percolate and marsh gas, and causes secondary pollution. High energy consumption, high investment and operation cost, and possibly generating harmful gas, and does not meet the green environmental protection requirement. Traditional composting has long period (usually 2-3 months), low efficiency, easy odor generation and mosquito and fly generation in the process, and low added value of the product. The research shows that the white star flower scarab larvae are decay insects, have strong vitality and wide feeding habit, and can efficiently decompose organic matters such as cellulose and the like. In the prior art, there are reports of utilizing insects such as hermetia illucens, yellow mealworms and the like to treat kitchen waste, but a method for systematically applying white star flower scarab larvae to harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of traditional Chinese medicine residues with complex components and high fiber content is specially disclosed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the method for processing the medicinal residues in the biological conversion process of the larva of the scarab inchinensis based on the high-valued utilization of the medicinal residues, which has the advantages of simple process flow, high processing efficiency and low cost. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the method for treating the medicine residues by utilizing the white star flower scarab larvae comprises the following steps: Crushing fresh dregs with 75-85% of water content, inoculating a compound microbial agent (comprising cellulose degrading bacteria, lignin degrading bacteria and saccharomycetes), and performing aerobic fermentation at 40-50 ℃ for 7-15 days to obtain a pretreated dreg matrix, wherein the inoculation amount of the compound microbial agent is 0.5-2% of the weight of the dreg. And II, placing the pretreated residue substrate obtained in the step I on a multi-layer culture rack, wherein the thickness of each layer of substrate is 15-25cm. Firstly, 2-year-old white-star-flower scarab larvae are inoculated, the inoculation density is 1.0-1.5 kg/m < 2 >, and after 5-7 days, 1-year-old white-star-flower scarab larvae are evenly supplemented to the surface layer of the same material bed, and the inoculation density is 0.5-0.8 kg/m < 2 >. Controlling the temperature of the culture environment to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 60-70%. Turning the bed once every 5 days, and dynamically supplementing the fresh pretreated residue substrate prepared in the first step from the top of the bed according to substrate consumption, wherein the supplementing amount is suitable for covering the exposed larvae. And step four, after the cultivation period is 35-45 days, grading and harvesting by adopting screens with different apertures. Mature larvae are separated by a large-hole sieve with 8 meshes and the diameter of 2.36mm, and then the larva is separated from low-age larvae and eggs by a fine sieve with 30 meshes and the diameter of 0.6 mm. The obtained mature larva is used for processing protein powder or extracting grease, the insect manure sand is used as an organic fertilizer, and the low-age larva and the eggs are returned to the system for continuous culture. In the first step, the composite microbial agent consists of aspergillus niger, phanerochaete chrysosporium and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the effective viable count ratio range is (2-3) (1-2) (1-1.5). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step one, the aerobic fermentation is periodically turned over at a frequency of once every 2 to 3 days to ensure that the temperature of the center of the fermentation is maintained at 40 to 50 ℃. In the second step, the number of layers of the multi-layer cultivation frame is 3-5, and the layer spacing is not smaller than 40 cm, so that the operation is convenient, and ventilation is guaranteed. Further, in the third step, the dynamic supplementation is performed according to the consumption condition of the substrate, and the judgment standard is that supplementation is performed when more than 30% of larvae on the sur