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CN-121970825-A - Total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straw and application thereof

CN121970825ACN 121970825 ACN121970825 ACN 121970825ACN-121970825-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feed, and particularly discloses a total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straw and application thereof. The total mixed ration comprises, by dry matter basis, 5% -15% of fermented cotton straw, 10% -20% of corn straw, 5% -10% of alfalfa, 25% of corn, 9% of soybean meal, 7.5% of dried corn distillers grains, 10% of corn germ meal, 15% of soybean hulls, 0.9% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4% of ammonium chloride, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.5% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of sodium bicarbonate. The total mixed ration can remarkably improve the growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of the Hu sheep, improve the digestion and utilization rate of nutrient substances, effectively improve the health and anti-stress level of animal bodies, improve the diversity and structure of rumen microbial communities, promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and establish a more stable and efficient rumen fermentation system.

Inventors

  • YU HAITAO
  • Yi Simeng
  • DENG AIHUA
  • WANG GANG
  • ZENG XIANGFANG
  • QIAO SHIYAN

Assignees

  • 中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260311

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The total mixed ration containing the fermented cotton straw is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in terms of dry matter basis: 5% -15% of fermented cotton straw, 10% -20% of corn straw, 5% -10% of alfalfa, 25% of corn, 9% of soybean meal, 7.5% of dried corn distillers grains, 10% of corn germ meal, 15% of soybean hulls, 0.9% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4% of ammonium chloride, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.5% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of sodium bicarbonate.
  2. 2. The total mixed ration of claim 1, wherein the fermented cotton straw is prepared by a process comprising the steps of: S1, uniformly mixing apple pomace, corn husks and crushed cotton straw to obtain a cotton straw mixture; s2, spraying the composite microbial inoculum into the cotton straw mixture obtained in the step S1, adjusting the water content, placing the cotton straw mixture in a fermentation barrel, sealing the fermentation barrel, performing solid aerobic fermentation, and drying the fermentation product at a low temperature to obtain the fermented cotton straw.
  3. 3. The total mixed ration of claim 2, wherein the dry matter ratio of apple pomace, corn husks and crushed cotton straw in S1 is 5-10:5-10:80-90.
  4. 4. The total mixed ration of claim 2, wherein in S1, the crushed cotton straw is 1-3cm in length.
  5. 5. The total mixed ration of claim 1, wherein in S2, the composite microbial inoculant comprises one or more of lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial inoculant is 1:1:1.
  6. 6. The total mixed ration according to claim 5, wherein the effective viable count of lactobacillus plantarum is equal to or more than 1 x 10 9 CFU/mL, the effective viable count of saccharomyces cerevisiae is equal to or more than 1 x 10 9 CFU/mL, and the effective viable count of bacillus subtilis is equal to or more than 1 x 10 9 CFU/mL.
  7. 7. The total mixed ration according to claim 2, wherein in S2 the water content is adjusted to 50-60%, the fermentation temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 7-15 days.
  8. 8. The total mixed ration of claim 2, wherein in S2, the fermentation product is dried at a temperature of 55-65 ℃ to a moisture of less than or equal to 13%.
  9. 9. The use of the total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straw according to claim 1 in fattening Hu sheep.

Description

Total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straw and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feed, and particularly relates to a total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straw and application thereof. Background The Hu sheep is taken as an important meat sheep variety in China, and the breeding benefit of the Hu sheep is closely related to the feed cost. The conventional coarse fodder in the traditional Hu sheep Total Mixed Ration (TMR) mostly adopts conventional raw materials such as corn stalk, wheat straw, alfalfa hay, peanut vine and the like, and can meet the basic fiber demand of ruminants, but under the large-scale cultivation background, the problems of aggravated fodder resource competition, unstable high-quality coarse fodder supply, high cost and the like are faced. Therefore, the development of unconventional roughage resources with wide sources, low cost and good nutritional value has become an urgent need for the sustainable development of the livestock breeding industry. As a by-product of the cotton industry, the cotton straw has huge annual output, but because of low crude protein content, high lignin content, crude and hard texture and poor palatability, direct feeding can lead to low dry matter digestibility and reduced feed intake, and can influence rumen health and animal growth performance. The method mainly comprises the following steps of feeding after direct or simple physical processing, wherein the nutrition value and palatability are improved to a limited extent, the chemical method (such as ammoniation) treatment can improve the nitrogen content and the fiber digestibility to a certain extent, but the safety risks of ammonia residue, harmful substance generation and the like exist, the substantial improvement of protein nutrition is insufficient, and the method adopts low-proportion addition after single strain fermentation, so that the traditional coarse fodder cannot be replaced in a high proportion due to insufficient fermentation depth and unstable product quality, thereby the cost reduction effect is not obvious, and the systematic animal growth test and health effect verification are lacked. The prior art generally fails to realize physical structure loosening, nutrient enrichment and anti-nutritional factor elimination of cotton straw through biological conversion and also fails to carry out scientific compatibility and gradient verification in a total mixed ration system, so that the substitution ratio is low in practical application and the comprehensive benefit is undefined. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a total mixed ration containing fermented cotton straws and application thereof, which can obviously improve the growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of Hu sheep, improve the digestion and utilization rate of nutrient substances, effectively improve the health and anti-stress level of animal bodies, improve the diversity and structure of rumen microbial communities, promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and establish a more stable and efficient rumen fermentation system. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a total mixed ration containing fermented cotton stalks, comprising the following raw materials on a dry matter basis: 5% -15% of fermented cotton straw, 10% -20% of corn straw, 5% -10% of alfalfa, 25% of corn, 9% of soybean meal, 7.5% of dried corn distillers grains, 10% of corn germ meal, 15% of soybean hulls, 0.9% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.4% of ammonium chloride, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.5% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of sodium bicarbonate. Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented cotton straw comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly mixing apple pomace, corn husks and crushed cotton straw to obtain a cotton straw mixture; s2, spraying the composite microbial inoculum into the cotton straw mixture obtained in the step S1, adjusting the water content, placing the cotton straw mixture in a fermentation barrel, sealing the fermentation barrel, performing solid aerobic fermentation, and drying the fermentation product at a low temperature to obtain the fermented cotton straw. Preferably, the dry matter ratio of the apple pomace, the corn husks and the crushed cotton stalks in the S1 is 5-10:5-10:80-90. Preferably, in S1, the length of the crushed cotton stalk is 1-3cm. Preferably, in S2, the compound microbial inoculant includes one or more of lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis, and the volume ratio of lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus subtilis in the compound microbial inoculant is 1:1:1. Preferably, the effective viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10 9 CFU/mL, the effective viable count of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10 9