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CN-121970830-A - Compound aquatic feed extracted from vanilla plants and used for replacing antibiotics and preparation method thereof

CN121970830ACN 121970830 ACN121970830 ACN 121970830ACN-121970830-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feed processing, and discloses a compound aquatic feed for extracting substitute antibiotics from vanilla plants and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound aquatic feed comprises the following steps of directly initiating molecular activation of starch or protein in feed slurry by utilizing mechanical energy generated by a dynamic slit high-shear region under a low-temperature condition; aiming at the process, a double closed-loop self-adaptive regulation mechanism is established, the shearing parameters are subjected to feedforward regulation by monitoring the mixed power consumption so as to adapt to raw material fluctuation, and meanwhile, the geometric parameters of a shearing area are subjected to feedback regulation by applying micro-disturbance and monitoring the harmonic distortion of a response signal so as to optimize the uniformity of a shearing field.

Inventors

  • WU WEIJIAN
  • LI SHANSHAN
  • Lin baomei
  • YANG MIN

Assignees

  • 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所（福建省农业科学院蔗麻研究中心）

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260128

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the compound aquatic feed for replacing antibiotics by vanilla plant extraction is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step a, mixing feed material containing vanilla plant extract with water to form a slurry, passing the slurry through a dynamic slot high shear zone comprising at least two relatively high speed rotating surfaces, wherein the slurry is heated to a temperature below 60 ℃ throughout the slurry by controlling the energy applied to the rotating surfaces Under the condition of (1) initiating molecular activation of starch or protein to obtain activated slurry with binding potential; Step b, aiming at the problem of uncertain rheological properties of the activated slurry caused by fluctuation of physical properties of different batches of feed raw materials, in the mixing process of step a, monitoring the power consumption of equipment for driving the mixing in real time and outputting an electric signal representing the power consumption, and adjusting the rotating speed of a rotating surface in a closed loop by a feedforward control logic according to the characteristic value of the electric signal; step c, aiming at the problem of uneven space distribution of shear stress generated by hydrodynamic effect in a high-shear area, in the molecular activation process of step a, a periodic perturbation signal is superimposed into a power source signal for driving a rotating surface, a current feedback signal of the power source is monitored in real time, harmonic distortion characteristics generated by interaction of the perturbation signal and an uneven shear field are extracted, and according to the harmonic distortion characteristics, an axial geometric gap between the two rotating surfaces is regulated in a closed loop mode by feedback control logic until the harmonic distortion characteristics are restrained to be minimized; And d, agglomerating and forming the activated slurry treated in the steps a to c by applying pressure.
  2. 2. The compound aquatic feed for extracting antibiotic from vanilla plants and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, the rotating speed of the rotating surface is regulated by a logic closed loop controlled by feedforward according to the characteristic value of an electric signal, and the method comprises the steps of converting continuously collected power consumption data into a power consumption characteristic value capable of stably representing the rheological property of the slurry in the current batch by a time window smoothing algorithm, reducing the rotating speed when the power consumption characteristic value is higher than a reference value, and increasing the rotating speed when the power consumption characteristic value is lower than the reference value, wherein the reference value is the power consumption measured when standard batch feed raw materials capable of preparing qualified feed finished products with preset physical property indexes are mixed.
  3. 3. The compound aquatic feed for replacing antibiotics extracted from vanilla plants and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step c, the periodic perturbation signal is a non-sinusoidal periodic perturbation signal, the harmonic distortion characteristics generated by the interaction of the perturbation signal and the uneven shear field are extracted, the amplitude and the phase of the harmonic distortion are extracted from the current feedback signal of the power source in real time through fast fourier transform logic, and the axial geometrical gap between the two rotating surfaces is adjusted through a piezoelectric ceramic actuator in a closed loop manner.
  4. 4. The composite aquatic feed for replacing antibiotics extracted from vanilla plants and its preparing process according to claim 1, wherein in the agglomerating and shaping process of step d, ultrasonic treatment is applied to the activated slurry being shaped in the area where the activated slurry is extruded, the interconnected porous microstructure is built in the final feed by the transient cavitation effect induced in the activated slurry, and while applying ultrasonic treatment, broadband acoustic emission signals generated by the activated slurry due to cavitation effect are monitored in real time, and the energy peak intensity on the preset harmonic or subharmonic frequency band is based on the acoustic emission signals Closed loop adjusting the power of the ultrasonic treatment according to the following control rules : , wherein, For the ultrasonic power of the current control period, For a predetermined proportional gain factor, The peak intensity of the target energy is calibrated for acoustic emission signal measurements on samples prepared using standard process parameters having a target in-water stability and dissolution rate.
  5. 5. The compound aquatic feed for extracting antibiotic from vanilla plants and preparing method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, at least two discs with precise grooves engraved on the surfaces rotating at a relatively high speed are at least two coaxially rotating surfaces, a dynamic slit high-shear region is formed between the discs, the feed raw material further comprises at least one thermosensitive functional component selected from vitamins, probiotics and enzyme preparations, and the whole process of the method is carried out under the condition of being lower than the inactivation temperature of the thermosensitive functional component.
  6. 6. The compound aquatic feed product of claim 1, further comprising the step of filtering the slurry through a multi-stage filter screen prior to step a.
  7. 7. The compound aquatic feed for replacing antibiotics extracted from vanilla plants and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of removing water from the formed wet granules after the step d by means of low-temperature fluidized bed drying or vacuum drying to obtain the finished feed.
  8. 8. The compound aquatic feed of claim 1, wherein the vanilla plant extract is a combination of oregano oil, thymol and carvacrol.
  9. 9. A composite aquatic feed product prepared by the method of claim 1, wherein the particles of the composite aquatic feed product have the following structure and component distribution characteristics: The internal matrix of the granule is prepared from starch and protein at a ratio of less than 60 Under the condition of (1) after molecule activation is initiated by mechanical shearing energy, mutually overlapping to form a non-thermal denaturation three-dimensional network framework; the vanilla plant extract and thermosensitive functional components are embedded and uniformly distributed in the non-heat-denatured three-dimensional network skeleton, and the particles form mutually communicated porous microstructure in the whole inside.

Description

Compound aquatic feed extracted from vanilla plants and used for replacing antibiotics and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a compound aquatic feed for replacing antibiotics by vanilla plant extraction and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquatic feed processing. Background In the current industrial production of aquatic feeds, the extrusion puffing process is a general technical method for constructing a particle physical form and a nutritional basis, the starch gelatinization and protein denaturation are promoted by the combined action of high temperature, high pressure and strong mechanical shearing force, the necessary structural stability and durability in water of the feed particles are further provided, the effectiveness of the technical path is widely accepted in the industry, however, as the demands of aquaculture on feed functionality, particularly the addition of various thermosensitive bioactive substances for improving the feed quality are increased, the main stream process shows a limitation in technical principle, namely the high-temperature and high-pressure physical environment necessary for constructing a particle bonding structure is formed, and meanwhile, the direct acting condition for degrading or inactivating the thermosensitive bioactive substances is formed, so that the technical restriction is generated between the functional enhancement of the feed and the physical condition of the processing process. To cope with this technical constraint, the industry has adopted some compensatory measures, such as surface spraying after the particles are cooled, or embedding the active substances in advance, but such compensatory thought does not change the technical premise of the core process, but rather the actual follow-up remedy is carried out on the premise of receiving the action generated by the core process, rather than evading the action process itself, however, even in some alternative technical paths aiming at evading high temperature, the simplicity and openness of the process control logic also cause significant limitations in coping with the raw material fluctuation and ensuring the consistency of the physical properties of the final product, for example, the Chinese patent application with the authority bulletin No. CN106387350A discloses a preparation method of a compound feed additive for extracting the substitute antibiotics from plants, although the method adopts the plant extracts, the core process flow, such as heating stirring, drying and forming, is dependent on the preset fixed parameter range, for example, the heating temperature is 60-70Drying temperature is 50-60 DEGThe process essentially belongs to an open, linear flow without real-time feedback, and lacks an on-line sensing and adaptive adjustment mechanism for fluctuation of physical characteristics (such as viscosity, solid content and the like) among raw material batches. Therefore, when the characteristics of the raw materials change, the uniformity of the state of the intermediate product is difficult to ensure, and the uniformity of the final product on the physical structure and performance index is further influenced. In order to cope with the technical restrictions, some compensatory measures are adopted in the industry, such as surface spraying after the particles are cooled or pre-microcapsule embedding is carried out on the active substances, but the compensatory thinking does not change the technical premise of the core process, and the prior art has the following limitations in practical application that 1, the active substances sprayed on the surface are only adhered to the surface layer of the particles, are easy to dissolve in water and cannot act on the inside of the feed, 2, the microcapsule embedding technology increases the complexity and the production cost of the process, and meanwhile, the structural integrity and the protection effect of the embedding material are limited under the high-strength condition of extrusion and puffing, and the essence of the improved methods is that the follow-up remedy is carried out on the premise of accepting the action generated by the core process instead of avoiding the action process per se. Therefore, how to establish a new preparation method, the activation of molecules required by particle forming is realized, and meanwhile, the action of high-temperature and high-pressure environment on active substances can be avoided, so that the preparation method is a technical problem to be solved by the invention. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a compound aquatic feed for extracting and replacing antibiotics from vanilla plants and a preparation method thereof, and mainly aims to solve the problems that the granule structure formation and the protection of thermosensitive active substances are inherently contradictory and difficult to achieve in the prior art. In order to achiev