CN-121970840-A - Nutritional pet food based on low-value seawater product and preparation method thereof

CN121970840ACN 121970840 ACN121970840 ACN 121970840ACN-121970840-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pet food processing, and discloses a nutritional pet food based on a low-value seawater product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nutritional pet food comprises the following steps of mechanically separating raw materials into a soft meat component and a hard calcium component after desalting; adding antioxidant such as herba Rosmarini officinalis extract into soft meat component, pulping, performing enzymolysis with compound protease at constant temperature to obtain enzymolysis meat pulp, steaming and softening hard calcium component at high temperature under high pressure, multi-stage pulverizing to obtain superfine bone paste with particle diameter D90 smaller than 50 μm, mixing 60-80 parts pulp with 15-30 parts bone paste, adding structure stabilizer such as sodium alginate and nutrition enhancer, homogenizing under high pressure, vacuum freeze drying, and packaging with nitrogen. The invention solves the processing contradiction of low-value marine bone and meat hardness by split modification and texture recombination, greatly improves the calcium bioavailability by micron-sized bone mud, effectively inhibits lipid rancidity by combining in-situ antioxidation with freeze-drying technology, and endows the product with crisp porous structure and excellent rehydration and palatability.

Inventors

MEI GUANGMING
ZHANG XIAOJUN
CHEN SI
Wu Taixu
LIN JIALEI

Assignees

浙江省海洋水产研究所
森森集团股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260319

Claims (10)

1. A nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product, characterized in that it is made from raw materials comprising, by weight: 60-80 parts of enzymolysis meat pulp; 15-30 parts of superfine bone paste; 1-5 parts of a structural stabilizer; 0.5-2 parts of nutrition enhancer; The enzymolysis meat pulp is prepared by enzymolysis of meat soft components of low-value seawater products, and the superfine bone paste is prepared by micronization of hard calcium components of low-value seawater products.
2. The low value seawater product based nutritional pet food of claim 1, wherein the structure stabilizer is at least one selected from sodium alginate, pregelatinized starch and egg yolk lecithin, and the enzymatic pulp contains 0.02% -0.05% of natural antioxidants selected from rosemary extract or tea polyphenols based on the total mass of the enzymatic pulp.
3. The nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product of claim 1, wherein the ultra-micro bone puree has a particle size D90 of less than 50 μm and the moisture content of the nutritional pet food is less than or equal to 5%.
4. A method for preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product, characterized in that it is applied to a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of: desalting the low-value seawater product raw material, and mechanically separating to obtain a meat soft component and a hard calcium component respectively; Pulping the meat soft component, adding a natural antioxidant and compound protease for constant-temperature enzymolysis, and heating to inactivate enzyme and sterilize after the reaction is finished to obtain an enzymolysis meat pulp; Steaming and softening the hard calcium component under high pressure, and then carrying out multistage crushing to obtain superfine bone paste; Mixing the enzymolysis pulp, the superfine bone paste, the structure stabilizer and the nutrition enhancer, and homogenizing under high pressure to obtain compound homogenized pulp; pre-freezing the compound homogeneous slurry, and then performing sublimation drying and analytical drying under vacuum conditions to obtain a freeze-dried semi-finished pet food; and sealing and packaging the freeze-dried pet food semi-finished product in a low-humidity environment to obtain the nutritional pet food.
5. The method for preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low-value seawater product according to claim 4, wherein the desalting treatment specifically comprises immersing the raw material of the low-value seawater product in 3-5 times of deionized water or softened water, and stirring and rinsing for 30-60 minutes at normal temperature.
6. The method for preparing the nutritional pet food based on the low-value seawater product, which is characterized by comprising the steps of adjusting the pH of slurry to 6.5-7.5, adding compound protease accounting for 0.1-0.3% of the total mass of the slurry, and reacting for 1.5-3 hours at 45-55 ℃; The heating, enzyme-inactivating and sterilizing conditions are that the temperature is raised to 85-95 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 10-15 minutes.
7. The method for preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product according to claim 4, wherein the conditions for cooking softening are 115-125 ℃, 0.10-0.15MPa, and 20-40 minutes; the multi-stage crushing adopts a coarse crusher and a colloid mill for crushing.
8. The method of preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product of claim 4 wherein the high pressure homogenization is at a pressure of 25-40MPa.
9. The method of preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pre-freezing condition is freezing at-35 ℃ to-45 ℃ for 2-4 hours; The conditions of sublimation drying and analysis drying are that the vacuum degree is controlled at 10-20Pa, the temperature of a heating plate is linearly increased to 0-10 ℃ according to a program to perform sublimation drying, and then the temperature is increased to 35-45 ℃ to perform analysis drying.
10. The method of preparing a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product of claim 4 wherein the low humidity environment has a relative humidity of 30% -40%; High-purity nitrogen is filled in the sealed package; The low-value seawater product raw material is selected from at least one of small trash fish, shrimp heads, engraulis japonicus Temminck et Schlegel, fish steak, crab shell, tuna heads, scallop leftovers and fish bones.

Description

Nutritional pet food based on low-value seawater product and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of pet food processing, in particular to a nutritional pet food based on a low-value seawater product and a preparation method thereof. Background In the aquatic product fishing and deep processing industry, a great amount of low-value byproducts such as small trash fish, fish heads, fish bones, fish skin, shrimp and crab meat and the like are generated. Although the biological resources are rich in protein, calcium and trace elements, the biological resources are limited by the characteristics of high bone spur content, different specifications, very easy deterioration, and the like, and the existing utilization way is single, and the biological resources are mostly processed into fish meal feed with low added value or directly treated as waste. The treatment mode not only causes the waste of high-quality marine protein and mineral resources, but also brings great organic pollution load to the ecological environment. The existing pet food mainly comprises puffed dry food, wet food can and freeze-dried food. The traditional puffed dry food adopts a high-temperature high-pressure extrusion process, the processing conditions are easy to destroy the heat-sensitive nutrients such as vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids and the like in the raw materials, and in order to meet the process requirements of puffing forming, the formula often contains high-proportion starch, so that the nutritional requirements of pets serving as meat animals are difficult to be completely matched. Although the wet grain cans have good palatability, the high water content causes the increase of transportation and storage costs, and in order to inhibit the proliferation of microorganisms, chemical preservatives are generally required to be added, and the long-term eating of the cans can cause the burden on the health of pets. Although the vacuum freeze-dried food has advantages in nutrition retention and rehydration, the freeze-dried product in the market at present mostly takes high-value whole livestock and poultry meat or high-grade fish meat as raw materials, the cost of the raw materials is high, the price of the end product is high, and the market popularization rate is limited. If the low-value seawater product is directly utilized to develop the freeze-dried pet food, a plurality of difficulties are faced in the practical technical application. Firstly, the bones and the crustaceans in the low-value seafood are high in ratio and hard in texture, the bones and the crustaceans are difficult to process to be suitable for the micro-level of pet digestion by the conventional crushing process, and the coarse bone residues not only affect the mouthfeel of the product, but also limit the bioavailability of calcium, and even risk damaging the digestive tract of the pet. Secondly, the seafood is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, and oxidation reaction is easy to occur in the processing, crushing and storage processes, so that rancidity and peculiar smell of the product are generated, and appetite of pets is seriously influenced. In addition, the simple mixing processing is difficult to solve the problems of loose structure, easy pulverization or local hardening of the finished product after freeze-drying due to the difference of the meat quality component and the hard bone calcium component in physical structure. Therefore, there is a need in the industry for a technical solution that can systematically solve the problems of difficult processing, easy oxidation, low availability, etc. of low-value seawater products, and can prepare pet foods with high nutrition, high palatability, and no additives. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves the technical problems that the prior low-value seawater product has low raw material utilization rate, bone calcium is difficult to be absorbed by organisms, lipid is easy to oxidize and rancid in processing and storage, and the rehydration and the poor palatability of a freeze-dried product in pet food processing. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a nutritional pet food based on a low value seawater product, comprising the following technical scheme: The meat pulp is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 60-80 parts of enzymolysis meat pulp, 15-30 parts of ultrafine bone paste, 1-5 parts of a structure stabilizer and 0.5-2 parts of a nutrition enhancer, wherein the enzymolysis meat pulp is prepared by enzymolysis of soft meat components of low-value seawater products, and the ultrafine bone paste is prepared by micronization of hard calcium components of the low-value seawater products. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention solves the problem of unmatched processing characteristics of soft and hard components by utilizing the