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CN-121970849-A - Composite fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers and application thereof

CN121970849ACN 121970849 ACN121970849 ACN 121970849ACN-121970849-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field related to fish feeds, in particular to a compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers and application thereof, wherein the feed consists of 85-92% of basic feed raw materials, 5-12% of compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine additives and 2-5% of functional auxiliary agents by weight percentage. The core is that the additive is prepared from astragalus, rheum officinale, common andrographis herb and liquorice in a specific ratio (3-4:2-3:1-2:0.5-1) by fermenting lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis composite strains at 30-37 ℃ for 36-60 hours. The feed can remarkably promote the activity of the serum lysozyme and superoxide dismutase of the groupers, enhance the nonspecific immunity, ensure that the survival rate of the groupers to the infection of vibrio alginolyticus is not less than 85% in a toxicity attack experiment, and effectively prevent vibriosis and stimulate cryptocaryon.

Inventors

  • YANG RUI
  • MA ZHENHUA
  • ZHAO WANG
  • HU JING
  • ZHOU SHENGJIE

Assignees

  • 三亚热带水产研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260311

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 85% -92% of basic feed raw materials; 5% -12% of a composite fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive; 2% -5% of a functional auxiliary agent; The compound fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared from a compound of astragalus, rheum officinale, common andrographis herb and liquorice in a weight ratio of (3-4): (2-3): (1-2): (0.5-1) by fermenting lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis compound strains at 30-37 ℃ for 36-60 hours.
  2. 2. The compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following steps: a) Respectively crushing astragalus, rheum officinale, common andrographis herb and liquorice to 60-80 meshes, and uniformly mixing according to the weight ratio; b) Mixing the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder with a culture medium according to the mass ratio of 1 (4-6), wherein the culture medium is prepared from brown sugar, bean pulp and water according to the mass ratio of 1:5:10; c) Inoculating a composite strain into the mixture in the step b) for fermentation, wherein the composite strain consists of lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis, the ratio of the number of viable bacteria (lactobacillus plantarum: bacillus subtilis) is (1-2): 1, and the total inoculation amount is 3% -5% of the total mass of the mixture; d) Fermenting for 36-60 hours at 30-37 ℃; e) And after the fermentation is finished, drying the fermentation product at a low temperature of 50-60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the composite fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive.
  3. 3. The compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers according to claim 1 is characterized in that the basic feed raw materials comprise, by weight, 40% -50% of fish meal, 15% -20% of fermented soybean meal, 20% -30% of high gluten flour and 2% -4% of beer yeast.
  4. 4. The compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers according to claim 1, wherein the functional auxiliary agent comprises 0.1% -0.3% of vitamin C, 0.2% -0.5% of choline chloride, 1% -2% of lecithin and 0.05% -0.15% of astaxanthin.
  5. 5. Use of a compound fermented herbal feed for enhancing immunity of groupers according to any one of claims 1-4 for the preparation of a feed for preventing and/or adjunctively treating vibriosis and cryptocaryon irritans of groupers.
  6. 6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the feed is fed 2-3 times per day in an amount of 3-5% of the body weight of the groupers.
  7. 7. The use according to claim 5, wherein the use significantly increases the activity of lysozyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in grouper serum.
  8. 8. The use according to claim 5, wherein the grouper fed with the feed has a survival rate of not less than 85% after artificially infecting vibrio alginolyticus.

Description

Composite fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field related to fish feeds, in particular to a compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers and application thereof. Background The groupers are global important mariculture economic fishes, are delicious in meat quality, rich in nutrition and high in market demand, and form a huge industrial chain in southeast coasts of China. However, groupers are extremely vulnerable to various diseases during intensive cultivation, such as Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), vibriosis, cryptocaryon irritans, trypanosomiasis, and the like. These diseases often lead to reduced immunity, retarded growth and even massive death of the fish, which brings great economic loss to the breeder. At present, farmers mostly depend on feeding fresh trash fish or using chemical drugs in disease control, but the fresh trash fish is easy to carry pathogen and pollute water quality, and the chemical drugs have the risks of drug residues, environmental pollution, drug resistance caused by the pathogen and the like. Therefore, the development of a nutritional strategy capable of fundamentally improving the autoimmune power of groupers has become an urgent need for industrial health development. Through searching, the powdery compound feed for garrupa disclosed in the patent with publication number CN102090537A is prepared from conventional raw materials including steam-dried fish meal (content up to 66%), pregelatinized starch and the like, and microecological preparation (bacillus subtilis) and phagostimulant (betaine) as auxiliary materials. The technical scheme mainly aims at providing basic nutrition, reducing feed cost and improving palatability, and has the defects that 1) the formula is essentially a combination of conventional nutrients, lacks functional active ingredients capable of specifically activating the immune system of the groupers, 2) the microecological preparation is directly added, and is not subjected to synergistic fermentation treatment with a specific functional formula, so that the beneficial effects are limited, and the synergistic effect of immune regulation cannot be realized. Therefore, the feed cannot effectively cope with complex disease challenges, and especially has no effect in preventing specific diseases such as vibriosis, cryptocaryon irritans and the like. In view of the above, intensive studies have been conducted to solve the above problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of groupers and application thereof, so as to solve the problems that the traditional feed provided in the background art cannot effectively cope with complex disease challenges, and especially has poor effects in preventing specific diseases such as vibriosis, cryptocaryon irritans and the like. The invention provides a compound fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed for enhancing immunity of garrupa, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85% -92% of basic feed raw materials; 5% -12% of a composite fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive; 2% -5% of a functional auxiliary agent; The compound fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared from a compound of astragalus, rheum officinale, common andrographis herb and liquorice in a weight ratio of (3-4): (2-3): (1-2): (0.5-1) by fermenting lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis compound strains at 30-37 ℃ for 36-60 hours. Preferably, the preparation method of the composite fermented Chinese herbal medicine additive comprises the following steps: a) Respectively crushing astragalus, rheum officinale, common andrographis herb and liquorice to 60-80 meshes, and uniformly mixing according to the weight ratio; b) Mixing the mixed Chinese herbal medicine powder with a culture medium according to the mass ratio of 1 (4-6), wherein the culture medium is prepared from brown sugar, bean pulp and water according to the mass ratio of 1:5:10; c) Inoculating a composite strain into the mixture in the step b) for fermentation, wherein the composite strain consists of lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis, the ratio of the number of viable bacteria (lactobacillus plantarum: bacillus subtilis) is (1-2): 1, and the total inoculation amount is 3% -5% of the total mass of the mixture; d) Fermenting for 36-60 hours at 30-37 ℃; e) And after the fermentation is finished, drying the fermentation product at a low temperature of 50-60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the composite fermentation Chinese herbal medicine additive. Preferably, the basic feed raw material comprises, by weight, 40% -50% of fish meal, 15% -20% of fermented soybean meal, 20% -30% of high-gluten flour and 2% -4% of beer yeast. Preferably, the functional auxiliary agent