CN-121970852-A - Macrobrachium rosenbergii parent enhanced feed based on sex difference regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a macrobrachium rosenbergii parent enhanced feed based on sex difference regulation and control, and relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The feed disclosed by the invention comprises a special reinforcing material for female shrimps and male shrimps, and the special reinforcing material are used for differentially regulating and controlling the addition level of n-3 LC-PUFA, so that different nutritional requirements of gonad development of the female and male parent shrimps are accurately matched. The invention breaks through the formula limitation of the traditional feed of 'male and female one-cut', effectively promotes the development of ovaries and sperms of male shrimps, improves the gonad maturity, solves the industrial problem of asynchronous gonad development of male and female parent shrimps and misplacement of reproductive window period, greatly improves the overall reproductive performance of the macrobrachium rosenbergii parents, provides key technical support for large-scale and high-quality cultivation of the parents, and has good application prospect.

Inventors

• LI QIAN
• GUO JIANLIN
• SUN LIHUI
• JIANG JIANHU
• SUN SHOUXIANG
• PENG JUN
• YANG BICHENG
• ZHU TINGYAO
• GAO LINGMEI

Assignees

• 浙江省淡水水产研究所(浙江省淡水渔业环境监测站)

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260330

Claims (7)

1. 1. A feed for strengthening the gonad development of parent giant freshwater prawn, which is characterized by comprising, by mass, 25-30% of chicken powder, 6-8% of shrimp shell powder, 4-6% of intestinal membrane powder, 2-3% of chicken liver powder, 6-8% of soybean meal, 7-8% of fermented soybean meal, 5-6% of cotton meal, 3-5% of yeast powder, 21% of high gluten flour, 0-5% of soybean oil, 1-5% of fish oil, 1-1.5% of phospholipid oil, 0.3-0.4% of lysine, 0.1-0.2% of methionine, 0.2-0.5% of Phaffia rhodozyma, 0.01-0.02% of VC phosphate, 1-1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-1.0% of zeolite powder, 1-1.5% of premix compound, 0.2-0.3% of choline chloride and 0.8-1.0% of sea water crystal.
2. 2. A feed for strengthening gonad development of male lobster parents of macrobrachium rosenbergii is characterized by comprising, by mass, 25-30% of chicken powder, 2-3% of shrimp shell powder, 4-6% of intestinal membrane powder, 2-3% of chicken liver powder, 9-10% of soybean meal, 10-12% of fermented soybean meal, 5-6% of cotton meal, 3-5% of yeast powder, 22% of high gluten flour, 0-4% of soybean oil, 1-1.5% of phospholipid oil, 0.8-4% of fish oil, 1-1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 1-2% of zeolite powder, 1-1.5% of premix, 0.2-0.3% of choline chloride and 0.8-1.0% of seawater crystal.
3. 3. The use of the feed for strengthening gonad development of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii as defined in claim 1 and/or the feed for strengthening gonad development of male parent macrobrachium rosenbergii as defined in claim 2 in the cultivation of gonad development of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii.
4. 4. The sex difference nutrition regulation method for the parent gonad development of the macrobrachium rosenbergii is characterized in that the parent gonad development-enhancing feed for the macrobrachium rosenbergii is adopted to feed the female macrobrachium rosenbergii, the male macrobrachium rosenbergii parent gonad development-enhancing feed for the male macrobrachium rosenbergii is adopted to feed the male macrobrachium rosenbergii, and the feeding start time of the male macrobrachium rosenbergii is later than that of the female macrobrachium rosenbergii.
5. 5. The sex difference nutrition regulation method for parent gonad development of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 4, wherein the parent gonad development-enhancing feed for macrobrachium rosenbergii is continuously fed for 50-60d, and the male macrobrachium rosenbergii is continuously fed for 40-50d after the female macrobrachium rosenbergii 10 d.
6. 6. The sex difference nutrition regulation method for parent gonad development of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 5, wherein the feeding frequency of the female and male macrobrachium rosenbergii is 3 times per day.
7. 7. The sex difference nutrition control method for parent gonad development of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 6, wherein the single feeding amount is 1.5-2% of the total weight of the macrobrachium rosenbergii body.

Description

Macrobrachium rosenbergii parent enhanced feed based on sex difference regulation and control Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a macrobrachium rosenbergii parent enhanced feed based on sex difference regulation. Background Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a global important freshwater economic shrimp, but the breeding industry is restricted by the problems of germplasm degeneration, asynchronous gonad development of parent shrimps and the like for a long time, the breeding efficiency and the high-quality development of the industry are seriously influenced, and the unreasonable nutrition supply in the parent shrimp breeding stage is a core cause for causing the problems. Wherein, lack of gonadotrophin feed formula based on sex difference, which is a key symptom of causing 'male and female development dyssynchrony' of parent shrimps of macrobrachium rosenbergii, directly limits improvement of reproductive performance of parent shrimps. In the field of shellfish aquaculture, related researches on feed for promoting gonad maturation of aquatic animals exist in the prior art, such as a feed additive for promoting gonad maturation of penaeus monodon disclosed in patent CN1739377A, the technology realizes gonad ripening of penaeus monodon parent shrimps by adding liquid highly unsaturated fatty acid, components such as astaxanthin, cholesterol and vitamins into the feed, and the like, and can improve the maturity and spawning quantity of the penaeus monodon parent shrimps to a certain extent, but the technology has obvious technical defects, and the formula design of the feed additive is completely aimed at the physiological characteristics of the penaeus monodon parent shrimps, so that the feed additive cannot be directly applied to cultivation of the penaeus monodon parent shrimps. On one hand, the liquid highly unsaturated fatty acid is excessively high in addition proportion in the technology, so that the lipid oxidation risk of the feed is extremely high, the storage stability and palatability of the feed are reduced, the metabolism burden of shrimp hepatopancreas is increased, on the other hand, the essential difference exists between the characteristics of gonad development mechanism and nutrition demand of penaeus monodon and macrobrachium rosenbergii, the nutrition proportion of the technology cannot adapt to the gonad development demand of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii, the gonad development promoting effect is difficult to achieve through blind application, and the problems of growth and development abnormality of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii and the like can be possibly caused. The difficulty of the existing macrobrachium rosenbergii parent cultivation technology is that the gonadotrophin feed formula based on sex difference is lacking, which is also a key symptom causing 'dyssynchrony of male and female development' of parent shrimps. Under the traditional macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation mode, cultivation personnel are difficult to accurately control the proportion of various nutritional ingredients in the feed, and the macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivation mode can not provide targeted nutritional support according to different physiological requirements and development stage characteristics of male and female macrobrachium rosenbergii, so that the reproductive performance of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii is difficult to effectively improve. The unified nutrition supply mode of the 'male and female one-cut' in the prior art exacerbates the problem of low reproductive performance of parent macrobrachium rosenbergii. On one hand, if the content of n-3 LC-PUFA in the feed is insufficient or the proportion is improper, the core nutrition requirement of the female shrimp ovary development cannot be met, the female shrimp ovary development is delayed, the maturity is low, the spawning quantity is greatly reduced, even the 'empty shell' phenomenon of extremely bad egg quality appears, even if mating is completed, the survival rate of offspring is difficult to ensure, on the other hand, if the raising personnel are required to meet the lipid requirement of the female shrimp ovary development, the fat level of the whole feed is blindly improved, the hepatopancreatic metabolism burden of male shrimps is excessively heavy, the sperm activity is obviously reduced, the situation that the female shrimps are not completed in ovary maturity, the male shrimps enter the reproduction decay period in advance, the female and male shrimps are seriously misplaced in the reproduction window period, the effective mating cannot be completed, and finally the egg holding rate and the fertilization rate of the parent shrimps are greatly reduced is caused. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a macrobrachium rosenbergii parent enhanced feed based on sex difference regulation and control so as to solve the problems in the prior art. In order