CN-121970886-A - Preparation method and application of bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel

CN121970886ACN 121970886 ACN121970886 ACN 121970886ACN-121970886-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of obtaining bromhidrosis Chai Duotang through tartaric acid-assisted extraction and alcohol precipitation purification, preparing stock solutions with mass fractions of 2.0% -5.0% and 25% respectively with whey protein isolate, mixing according to a volume ratio of 1:1, adjusting pH to 7.0, heating in a 95 ℃ water bath for 30 minutes to induce gelation, and cooling to obtain the bromhidrosis extract. The water holding capacity of the obtained composite gel reaches 78.95-80.26%, the hardness is 16.67-21.07N, the elasticity is 0.59-0.81, the thermal decomposition temperature is stabilized above 198 ℃, and the rheological behavior shows typical shear thinning characteristic tan delta value of 0.3-0.9. The gel can reduce whey extraction rate by 68% when applied to yogurt, and can improve toughness by 45% when used in jelly, and has no obvious water separation or deformation when stored at 25deg.C for 1 month. The invention has natural raw materials, simple process and good reproducibility, and provides a new way for developing high-performance and clean-label food colloid materials.

Inventors

Yang Ningxian
LI LI
Mao Runbo
WANG DAOPING
HE JING
LI YUCHAO
LIU CHANGRUI

Assignees

贵州医科大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260227

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Extracting bromhidrosis polysaccharide, namely sun-drying fresh bromhidrosis Chai Shepian, crushing, sieving with a 50-100-mesh sieve to obtain bromhidrosis powder, mixing the bromhidrosis powder with ultrapure water according to the mass ratio of 1:10-50, adjusting the pH value to 1-5 with tartaric acid, extracting for 0.5-4h in a 75-105 ℃ water bath, stirring once every 10min, filtering, concentrating filtrate to 1/5-1 volume, adding 95% ethanol with the volume of 0.5-4.5 times that of the filtrate into the filtrate, standing for 0-10 ℃ for 0.1-2.5h, centrifuging for 1-10min at the revolution of 2500-7000r/min, collecting precipitate, and drying for 1-10 h at 44-78 ℃ to obtain the bromhidrosis polysaccharide extract for later use; (2) Dissolving the polysaccharide extract of the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang in ultrapure water to prepare bromhidrosis Chai Duotang solution with mass fractions of 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0%, magnetically stirring at 10-45 ℃ for 0.5-2h at 300-650r/min, and standing at 0-6 ℃ overnight to obtain bromhidrosis polysaccharide stock solution with mass fractions of 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0% d for later use; (3) The whey protein isolate solution is prepared by dissolving whey protein isolate in ultrapure water to prepare a whey protein isolate solution with the mass fraction of 25%, magnetically stirring the whey protein isolate solution for 0.5-2h at the temperature of 10-45 ℃ and the revolution of 300-650r/min, and then standing the whey protein isolate solution at the temperature of 0-6 ℃ overnight for dissolving the whey protein isolate solution, so that the whey protein isolate solution is prepared for later use; (4) Preparing a bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution, namely mixing 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0% d of bromhidrosis polysaccharide stock solution in the step (2) with the whey protein isolate solution in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 1:0.1-3, respectively placing the mixture in magnetic stirring at the temperature of 10-45 ℃ and the revolution of 100-550r/min for 10-55min until the mixture is uniform, and adjusting the pH value to 4.0-10.0 to obtain a compound bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution with the concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of bromhidrosis polysaccharide respectively for later use; (5) And (3) thermal gelation, namely placing 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of the mixed solution of the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate in the step (4) in water baths at 70-120 ℃ for heating for 5-55min, then cooling to room temperature with ice and water, sealing and refrigerating overnight at 0-10 ℃ after sealing to obtain the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel with the polysaccharide concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of the bromhidrosis.
2. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), fresh bromhidrosis Chai Shepian is dried, crushed and screened by a 70-90-mesh sieve to obtain bromhidrosis powder, the bromhidrosis powder and ultrapure water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:20-40, pH is regulated to 2-3 by tartaric acid, the bromhidrosis powder is extracted in a water bath at 86-98 ℃ for 1-3 hours, the mixture is stirred once every 10 minutes, after filtration, filtrate is concentrated to 1/4-1/2 volume, 95% ethanol which is 1-3 times of the volume of the filtrate is added into the filtrate, the filtrate is placed in a state of being subjected to centrifugal treatment for 3-6 minutes at 2-7 ℃ and at the revolution of 3500-5500r/min, the collected precipitate is dried under the condition of 55-70 ℃ for 3-9 h, and the bromhidrosis polysaccharide extract is obtained.
3. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the bromhidrosis polysaccharide is extracted by sun-drying fresh bromhidrosis Chai Shepian, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain bromhidrosis powder, mixing the bromhidrosis powder with ultrapure water according to a mass ratio of 1:30, adjusting pH to 2 by tartaric acid, extracting in a 90 ℃ water bath for 2 hours, stirring once every 10 minutes during the extraction, filtering, concentrating the filtrate to 1/3 volume, adding 95% ethanol with 2 times of the filtrate volume into the filtrate, standing for 1 hour at 4 ℃, centrifuging for 5 minutes at a rotation speed of 4500r/min, collecting precipitate, and drying 6-8 h at 60 ℃ to obtain the bromhidrosis polysaccharide extract.
4. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), bromhidrosis Chai Duotang stock solution is prepared by dissolving bromhidrosis polysaccharide extract in ultrapure water to prepare bromhidrosis Chai Duotang solutions with mass fractions of 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0%, respectively, magnetically stirring at 25 ℃ for 1h at 500r/min, and then standing at 4 ℃ overnight to obtain bromhidrosis polysaccharide stock solution with mass fractions of 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0% d.
5. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), whey protein isolate solution is prepared by dissolving whey protein isolate in ultrapure water to prepare a whey protein isolate solution with a mass fraction of 25%, magnetically stirring the solution for 1h at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a revolution of 500r/min, and then standing the solution at 4 ℃ overnight for dissolving the protein fully to obtain the whey protein isolate solution.
6. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution is prepared by mixing 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0% d of bromhidrosis polysaccharide stock solution in the step (2) with the whey protein isolate solution in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 1:0.5-1.5, respectively, magnetically stirring the mixture for 22-45min at the temperature of 21-35 ℃ and the revolution of 180-450r/min until the mixture is uniform, and adjusting the pH value to 5.0-8.0, thereby obtaining the bromhidrosis polysaccharide concentration of Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution with the bromhidrosis polysaccharide concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%.
7. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution is prepared by mixing the bromhidrosis polysaccharide stock solutions with the concentration of 2.0%, 3%, 4% and 5.0% d in the step (2) with the whey protein isolate solution in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 1:1, respectively, placing the mixture in magnetic stirring with the rotation speed of 300r/min at 25 ℃ for 30min until uniformity, and adjusting the pH to 7.0 to obtain the bromhidrosis polysaccharide concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of the compound bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution.
8. The preparation method of the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate mixed solution in the steps (4) is heated for 22-43min in water bath at the temperature of 85-110 ℃ respectively, then is cooled to room temperature in ice and water, and is cooled to the room temperature in a sealing mode and is cooled overnight at the temperature of 3-6 ℃ after sealing, so that the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel with the polysaccharide concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of bromhidrosis is obtained.
9. The method for preparing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel according to claim 8, wherein in the step (5), the mixed liquid of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate in the step (4) is placed in a 95 ℃ water bath to be heated for 30min, then the mixed liquid is cooled to room temperature by ice and water, and the mixed liquid is cooled to be at a temperature of 4 ℃ after being sealed and cooled overnight, so that the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel with the polysaccharide concentration of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of bromhidrosis is obtained.
10. The application of the bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel in preparing a food processing gel matrix is characterized in that when the food is yoghurt or jelly, the composite gel is used for improving the stability, water retention and taste characteristics of the yoghurt or jelly.

Description

Preparation method and application of bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of food gel materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel. Background Whey protein isolate (Whey Protein Isolate, WPI) is a high-quality natural food protein with a protein content of over 90%, and is widely applied to the food industry. However, the single whey protein isolate gel has the defects of insufficient stability, single functional property and the like, and limits the application of the single whey protein isolate gel in high-end foods. The bromhidrosis (Premna puberula Pamb.) is perennial upright shrub of Premnaceae, and is naturally distributed in Guizhou, yunnan, sichuan provinces in southwest China, and mostly exists in a wild state. The leaves are rich in active ingredients such as pectin, protein, mineral substances, flavone, polyphenol and the like, and have high medicinal and edible values. However, the leaves themselves have a special smell, so that the edible acceptance and processing adaptability of the leaves are obviously limited, and the leaves are developed and utilized in a low-level state for a long time. The traditional food "the immortal bean curd" is only used in the remote areas of Guizhou and Yunnan, has simple process and single form, is used for preparing the traditional food, and is not used for effectively utilizing a large amount of wild and cultivated resources, so that the obvious waste of natural functional raw materials is caused. Bromhidrosis Chai Duotang (Premna puberula leaves Polysaccharides, PLP) is mainly extracted from leaf, stem and other nutritious organs, and is an important functional component in bromhidrosis firewood. The polysaccharide is easy to dissolve in water, insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone, the aqueous solution is sticky, has no obvious peculiar smell, has excellent water solubility, biocompatibility and chemical stability, shows various biological activities such as antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulation and the like, and has the potential of being used as a functional food matrix. However, the gel performance of the gel has obvious short plates, a single polysaccharide system is difficult to spontaneously form three-dimensional network gel with complete structure and stable mechanical property, and the viscoelasticity, the water retention and the structural integrity are not ideal, so that the gel has limited application as a gel matrix in improving food quality. At present, research is focused on optimization of an extraction process and evaluation of medicinal activity, systematic exploration aiming at gel behavior and food processing suitability is not seen, and no report is given on the fact that the gel is compounded with soy isolate protein through a specific process to construct high-performance composite gel with pH response regulation and control capability, so that functional value cannot be effectively released. In view of the above, the problems of insufficient proportion optimization, complex preparation process, gel stability, water retention and the like of the polysaccharide-protein composite gel in the prior art are solved. Therefore, developing the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel with simple process and excellent performance has important significance for expanding the application value of bromhidrosis firewood resources and promoting the modern production of traditional foods. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method of bromhidrosis polysaccharide-whey protein isolate composite gel, which solves the problems of poor stability and single function of single whey protein isolate gel and realizes efficient utilization of bromhidrosis resources. It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the composite gel in food products. The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: The preparation method of the bromhidrosis Chai Duotang-whey protein isolate composite gel comprises the following steps: (1) Extracting bromhidrosis polysaccharide, namely sun-drying fresh bromhidrosis Chai Shepian, crushing, sieving with a 50-100-mesh sieve to obtain bromhidrosis powder, mixing the bromhidrosis powder with ultrapure water according to the mass ratio of 1:10-50, adjusting the pH value to 1-5 with tartaric acid, extracting for 0.5-4h in a 75-105 ℃ water bath, stirring once every 10min, filtering, concentrating filtrate to 1/5-1 volume, adding 95% ethanol with the volume of 0.5-4.5 times that of the filtrate into the filtrate, standing for 0-10 ℃ for 0.1-2.5h, centrifuging for 1-10min at the revolution of 2500-7000r/min, collecting precipitate, and drying for 1-10 h at 44-78 ℃ to obtain the bromhidrosis polysaccharide extract for later use; (2) D