CN-121971033-A - Wireless polysomnography monitoring system and method based on flexible electrode

CN121971033ACN 121971033 ACN121971033 ACN 121971033ACN-121971033-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless polysomnography system and method based on a flexible electrode. The system comprises a flexible sensing module, a data processing module and an application module, wherein the flexible sensing module consists of a head flexible sensing unit, a chest flexible sensing unit and a leg flexible sensing unit, each flexible sensing unit comprises a flexible electrode, a flexible sensor and an acquisition box, the data processing module is integrated with a body position analysis unit, a local model and a wireless communication unit, the local model comprises a sleep breathing disorder monitoring model and a sleep stage model, the data processing module is used for analyzing multi-mode physiological signals and completing sleep stage and breathing disorder monitoring, the application module comprises a display unit and an auxiliary analysis unit, and the auxiliary analysis unit is integrated with a large language model. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of greatly reducing the risk of electrode falling off, remarkably improving the comfort and safety of monitoring and the like.

Inventors

LI QINGYUN
SHEN YIYANG
ZHANG LIU
Lin Yingni
WANG YI
Hua Zixuan
SUN XIANWEN
DING YONGJIE
ZHOU LINA

Assignees

上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20251203

Claims (10)

1. A wireless polysomnography system based on a flexible electrode, which is characterized by comprising a flexible sensing module (1), a data processing module (2) and an application module (3); The flexible sensing module (1) consists of a head flexible sensing unit (11), a chest flexible sensing unit (12) and leg flexible sensing units (13), wherein each flexible sensing unit comprises a flexible electrode, a flexible sensor and a collection box, the flexible electrodes are attached in a non-invasive manner through nanometer pressure sensitive adhesives, and a wireless communication assembly is integrated in the collection box, and the flexible sensing module (1) is used for collecting multi-mode physiological signals; The data processing module (2) is integrated with a body position analysis unit, a local model and a wireless communication unit, wherein the local model comprises a sleep breathing disorder monitoring model and a sleep staging model, and the data processing module (2) is used for analyzing multi-mode physiological signals and completing sleep staging and breathing disorder monitoring; The application module (3) comprises a display unit and an auxiliary analysis unit, wherein the auxiliary analysis unit is integrated with a large language model.
2. The flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system of claim 1, wherein said head flexible sensing unit (11) comprises a head flexible electrode sheet (112), a head top flexible electrode sheet (113), an eye movement flexible electrode sheet (114), an oronasal airflow sensor, a genius flexible electrode sheet (117) and a head collection box (111); The head flexible electrode sheet (112) is positioned at the bottom of the head acquisition box (111), the head flexible electrode sheet (112) is placed in a frontal lobe area of a patient, namely 25% of a connecting line of a nasal root and an external occipital tuberosity and is used for acquiring frontal lobe brain signals, the head flexible electrode sheet (113) is placed in a central area of the head of the patient, namely 50% of a connecting line of a nasal root and an external occipital tuberosity and is used for acquiring head brain signals, the eye movement flexible electrode sheet (114) comprises at least two electrode sheets which are respectively arranged at outer canths of left eyes and right eyes and are used for identifying a rapid eye movement sleep period, the mouth-nose airflow sensor comprises at least two flexible respiration sensors which are respectively symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of a mouth nose, and the chin muscle flexible electrode sheet (117) is arranged in a chin muscle area of the patient; The head flexible electrode sheet (112), the head top flexible electrode sheet (113), the eye movement flexible electrode sheet (114), the left side mouth-nose airflow sensor (115), the right side mouth-nose airflow sensor (116) and the genius muscle flexible electrode sheet (117) are all electrically connected with the head collecting box (111).
3. The wireless polysomnography system based on the flexible electrode according to claim 2, wherein the head flexible sensing unit (11) further comprises an electroencephalogram amplifying box (118), the electroencephalogram amplifying box (118) is connected with the head collecting box (111) through a wireless network, the head collecting box (111) transmits the collected electroencephalogram signals to the electroencephalogram amplifying box (118), and the electroencephalogram signals are amplified by the electroencephalogram amplifying box (118) and then returned to the head collecting box (111) for temporary storage.
4. The wireless polysomnography system based on the flexible electrode according to claim 1, wherein the chest flexible sensing unit (12) comprises a chest movement monitoring belt (122), an electrocardio flexible electrode sheet (124), a chest breathing sensor (125), an abdomen movement monitoring belt (123), an abdomen breathing sensor (126) and a chest collection box (121); The chest movement monitoring belt (122) is arranged around the chest middle area of the patient, at least a piezoresistive and capacitive dual-mode sensor is integrated in the chest movement monitoring belt (123), the abdomen movement monitoring belt (123) is arranged around the umbilicus Zhou Fubu area of the patient, at least a piezoresistive and capacitive dual-mode sensor is integrated in the abdomen movement monitoring belt, the chest respiration sensor (125) is arranged on the inner side of the chest movement monitoring belt (122), namely on the contact side of the chest movement monitoring belt with the patient and right in front of the chest of the patient, the abdomen respiration sensor (126) is arranged on the inner side of the abdomen movement monitoring belt (123) and right in front of the abdomen of the patient, and the chest collection box (121) is arranged on the outer side of the chest movement monitoring belt (122) and is electrically connected with the chest movement monitoring belt (124), the chest respiration sensor (125) and the abdomen respiration sensor (126) respectively.
5. The flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system of claim 4 wherein said chest flexible sensor unit (12) further comprises a lateral flexible pressure sensor (127) and a rear flexible pressure sensor (128), said lateral flexible pressure sensor (127) and rear flexible pressure sensor (128) being disposed outside of said chest movement monitoring band (122) with said lateral flexible pressure sensor (127) being positioned at the patient's mid-axillary line and said rear flexible pressure sensor (128) being positioned at the patient's back, wherein said lateral flexible pressure sensor (127) comprises a left-side flexible pressure sensor and a right-side flexible pressure sensor.
6. The flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system of claim 5, wherein the body position analysis unit in the data processing module (2) completes body position analysis based on monitoring results of a side flexible pressure sensor (127) and a rear flexible pressure sensor (128), and the specific process of the body position analysis comprises judging and recording a left-side lying position if a left-side pressure sensor value changes, recording a right-side lying position if a right-side pressure sensor value changes, recording a supine lying position if a rear pressure sensor value changes, and recording a prone lying position if all three values do not change.
7. The wireless polysomnography system based on the flexible electrode according to claim 1, wherein the leg flexible sensing unit (13) specifically comprises a left tibial anterior muscle flexible electrode sheet (133), a left leg collecting box (131), a right tibial anterior muscle flexible electrode sheet (134) and a right leg collecting box (132), wherein the tibial anterior muscle flexible electrode sheet on each side is built in the center of the leg collecting box on the corresponding side, and the leg collecting boxes are arranged at the tibial anterior muscle for collecting, storing and transmitting leg electromyographic signals.
8. The flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system is characterized in that the local model comprises a feature extractor, wherein the feature extractor adopts a mixed architecture of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network and a two-way long-short-term memory network, when the local model synchronously processes multi-mode physiological signals, a shunt processing strategy is adopted, signals with the sampling rate being more than or equal to 100Hz are firstly downsampled, the downsampled signals are spliced in the channel dimension to form a multi-channel time sequence signal, the time sequence signal is input into the feature extractor to extract local spatial frequency features of the signals to obtain a first feature map, the signals with the sampling rate being less than 100Hz are spliced in the channel dimension to form a multi-channel time sequence signal, the time sequence signals are input into the feature extractor to extract local spatial frequency features of the signals to obtain a second feature map, the first feature map and the second feature map are fused and spliced in the abstract feature layer, the formed feature representation is sent into the two-way long-short-term memory network to obtain the physiological event-containing time sequence long-term memory network before and after sleep event, the time sequence signal is sent into the sleep stage memory network to predict the sleep stage, and the sleep stage is classified into the sleep stage feature and the sleep stage feature is simultaneously.
9. The flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication component and the wireless communication unit both adopt 5GNR and bluetooth 5.3 mixed networking to realize wireless transmission, and a layered encryption technology is integrated in the transmission process, and the layered encryption technology is specifically an encryption mode of combining hardware-level TEE with a software-layer cryptographic algorithm.
10. A flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography method, which is characterized in that the method is applied to the operation of a flexible electrode-based wireless polysomnography system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method steps comprise: s1, acquiring multi-mode physiological signals of a patient through a flexible sensing module (1) of the system; S2, wirelessly transmitting the acquired multi-mode physiological signals to a data processing module (2), completing body position analysis by the body position analysis unit based on the signals by the body position analysis unit in the data processing module (2), synchronously processing the multi-mode physiological signals by a local model to realize sleep stage and respiratory disorder monitoring, and finally outputting comprehensive monitoring results including body position, sleep stage and respiratory state; s3, generating an auxiliary analysis report based on the monitoring result by the large language model, and sending the monitoring result and the auxiliary analysis report to the doctor terminal.

Description

Wireless polysomnography monitoring system and method based on flexible electrode Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of sleep monitoring, in particular to a wireless polysomnography system and method based on a flexible electrode. Background Obstructive sleep apnea (ostosis SLEEP APNEA, OSA) has become a significant public health challenge as a globally high-frequency sleep respiratory disease. Epidemiological data shows that OSA patients in the global 30-69 year old adult population are nearly 10 hundred million, with 1.76 million in our country's disease population, with moderate to severe patients of about 6650 ten thousand. OSA is not only an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic abnormalities, but recent studies have revealed a potential association with the development of tumorigenesis. However, the current OSA diagnosis and treatment face a serious reality dilemma that classical polysomnography (Electroencephalography, EEG), electrooculography (Electrooculography, EOG), electromyography (Electromyography, EMG), electrocardiography (Electrocardiography, ECG), respiratory airflow and blood oxygen saturation and other multidimensional signals are integrated by classical polysomnography (Polysomnography, PSG), so that key indexes such as sleep stage, respiratory event and limb movement can be comprehensively analyzed, and the key indexes become clinical 'gold standard' due to high-precision advantages, but the key indexes depend on complex cables and multi-lead sensors, so that a patient needs to wear more than 20 electrodes in a laboratory, such as electroencephalogram, electrocardio, respiratory airflow and the like, and the 'first night effect' is that sleep structure distortion caused by environmental strangeness and equipment constraint, such as REM (Rapid Eye Movement, rapid eye movement period) sleep reduction and increased awakening times are caused. In addition, lead wire winding easily causes signal artifact, needs frequent adjustment electrode impedance, and complex operation and high dependence on technician experience, and is difficult to popularize for basic medical institutions. The technical barrier directly causes the phenomenon of 'three low' of the cognition rate, the diagnosis rate and the cure rate of the OSA, and particularly, the OSA is easier to be missed when heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other diseases are combined. Although chronic management already covers the intervention of daily behaviors such as diet, exercise and the like, sleep health consciousness, especially early diagnosis and early treatment of OSA, is still in a 'blind area', and the comprehensive prevention and control effects of the chronic diseases are severely restricted. Breaks through the PSG technical limit, realizes the early and accurate diagnosis of OSA, and becomes an urgent need for improving the national health level and reducing the burden of chronic diseases. In recent years, the sleep primary screening device simplifies signal acquisition (focusing blood oxygen, respiration and heart rate) by a portable design (such as a wrist oximeter) to realize household/community screening, but is limited by single-mode data (such as blood oxygen signal specificity of only 70%), sleep structures (such as NREM/REM period) cannot be evaluated, and missed diagnosis rate is as high as 30%, so that the sleep primary screening device is only suitable for primary screening of low-risk people. Meanwhile, currently, the PSG mostly adopts gold cup electrodes or button electrodes. The gold cup electrode needs to be fixed by the conductive paste and reduce the contact impedance, the conductive paste is easy to dry up to cause signal drift or interruption, the electrode viscosity gradually fails along with the extension of the monitoring time to cause the electrode to be easy to fall off. The button electrode has large volume, is difficult to adapt to the curved surface of a human body (such as behind the ear and under the chin), and is easy to fall off due to skin deformation in dynamic sleep. Children and elderly patients are more likely to shift or fall off the electrodes due to the action of turning over or sweat secretion due to sensitive skin and frequent activities, and the monitoring continuity is seriously affected. The invention patent with publication number CN120240960A relates to a sleep monitoring and intervention device integrated on a pillow or a headrest, which evaluates the sleep state in real time and dynamically adjusts a vibration or sound intervention scheme to improve the sleep quality through multi-mode data acquisition and a head posture-based adaptive sleep staging algorithm. However, the above-mentioned patents do not have classical PSG functions, monitoring is not sufficiently comprehensive and accurate, In summary, in current polysomnography, the electrode shedding risk is high, the comfort, safety