CN-121971155-A - Kirschner wire accurate guiding device based on anterior patellar cortex surface

CN121971155ACN 121971155 ACN121971155 ACN 121971155ACN-121971155-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the front cortex surface of a patella, which is characterized by comprising a handle, a locating rack, elastic locating point wires, a guide rack and a sliding guide block, wherein the handle is fixedly connected to the locating rack, three elastic locating point wires which are distributed in a non-collinear way in space are arranged at the lower end of the locating rack, the guide rack is fixedly connected with the locating rack and positioned at one side between a left lower point wire and a right lower point wire, the sliding guide block is transversely connected to the guide rack in a sliding manner and can move left and right and is positioned below the locating rack, and a guide hole is arranged on the sliding guide block. The invention establishes a stable and objective space reference standard on the anterior cortical surface of the patella on the premise of not depending on the joint surface and fracture end and not interfering surrounding soft tissues, and guides the Kirschner wire to accurately enter the optimal track in the patella, which meets the biomechanical requirements.

Inventors

XU YONGQUAN
LI ZHIGANG
Shi Chunnan
WANG ZHIJIE
CAO LIEHU

Assignees

晋江市医院(上海市第六人民医院福建医院)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260312

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a accurate guider of kirschner wire based on anterior cortex surface of patella, includes handle, locating rack, elasticity setpoint needle, leading truck and slip guide block, the handle fixed connection is in on the locating rack, the locating rack lower extreme is equipped with three be space non-collinearly distribution the elasticity setpoint needle, three the elasticity setpoint needle is near endpoint needle, left lower point needle and right lower point needle respectively, near endpoint needle location support is in anterior cortex surface central zone of patella near endpoint needle, left lower point needle with right lower point needle location support respectively in the left and right both sides region of anterior cortex surface of lower section before the patella, can establish an equivalent anterior cortex reference plane when three the elasticity setpoint needle all with anterior cortex surface of patella pastes, the leading truck with locating rack fixed connection is located one side between left lower point needle and the right lower point needle, slip guide block transversely sliding connection is in on the leading truck and can left right side remove and be located below the locating rack, and be equipped with and run through the anterior cortex reference plane behind the slip guide block.
2. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 1, wherein the positioning frame comprises a first positioning rod and a second positioning rod, one end of the first positioning rod is fixedly connected with the second positioning rod, the other end of the first positioning rod is fixedly provided with the proximal point wire, the left lower point wire and the right lower point wire which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the two ends of the second positioning rod, and an included angle between the first positioning rod and the second positioning rod is an acute angle.
3. The K-wire accurate guide device based on the patellar anterior cortical surface of claim 2, wherein the handle is L-shaped, and one end of the handle is fixedly connected to a connection point between the first positioning rod and the second positioning rod.
4. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 1, wherein the elastic positioning point wire comprises a top plate, a positioning cylinder, a wire rod and a positioning spring, wherein a cavity which is opened upwards is arranged in the positioning cylinder, a through hole which is communicated with the cavity and is matched with the wire rod is arranged on the bottom end surface of the positioning cylinder, the wire rod is arranged in the through hole in a sliding manner, a limiting plate which is positioned in the cavity is fixedly arranged at the top end of the wire rod, the top plate is fixedly arranged at the top end opening of the positioning cylinder, the positioning spring is sleeved in the cavity and is abutted between the top plate and the limiting plate, and the bottom end of the wire rod penetrates out of the through hole.
5. The K-wire precise guiding device based on the anterior patellar cortex surface of claim 4, wherein the bottom surface of the needle bar is hemispherical.
6. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 1, wherein the guide frame comprises two guide rods and a sliding cross rod, the two guide rods are arranged at intervals in parallel, one end of each guide rod is fixedly connected with the locating frame, the two guide rods are arranged outside between the left lower point needle and the right lower point needle, the sliding cross rod is fixedly connected between the other ends of the two guide rods, the length of the sliding cross rod is larger than the distance between the left lower point needle and the right lower point needle, and the sliding guide block is transversely and slidably connected with the sliding cross rod.
7. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 6, wherein the sliding cross bar is a square column bar, sliding holes penetrating through the left end and the right end of the sliding guide block and matched with the sliding cross bar are formed in the sliding guide block, and the sliding guide block is sleeved on the sliding cross bar in a sliding manner through the sliding holes.
8. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 6, wherein the upper end surface of the sliding guide block is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the sliding hole, a locking knob is connected in the threaded hole in a threaded manner, and when the locking knob is screwed, the end of a screw rod of the locking knob is abutted against the outer side surface of the sliding cross rod.
9. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 1, wherein the height difference between the central axis of the guide hole of the sliding guide block and the bottom surface of the elastic locating point wire is 17-19mm.
10. The Kirschner wire precise guide device based on the patella anterior cortex surface of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the guide hole is 2mm, the guide hole is arranged to one side of the locating frame in an upward inclined way, an included angle alpha is formed between the central axis of the guide hole and the equivalent anterior cortex reference plane, and the included angle alpha is 5 degrees.

Description

Kirschner wire accurate guiding device based on anterior patellar cortex surface Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a Kirschner wire accurate guide device based on the anterior cortex surface of a patella. Background The patella is the biggest unguiculatum of human body, is located between four head tendons of the thigh and patella ligament, is an important component part of knee joint and stretches knee device, plays the role of arm of force amplification and stress conduction in knee joint flexion and extension movement, because its position table is shallow, bear stress concentration, very easily take place the fracture under direct violence or flexion traction effect, wherein with the fracture of traversing most commonly, if can not obtain stable, anatomical reduction and reliable internal fixation, very easily lead to stretching serious complications such as knee device dysfunction, joint stiffness and traumatic arthritis, at present, improvement tension belted steel wire combines the internal fixation technique of kirschner wire still to treat the clinical routine method of patella traversing fracture, its principle is that strain in four head muscles of the thigh and tension in front of the patella is converted into the compressive stress of articular surface, form dynamic broken end pressurization when making knee joint activity, thus improve fracture stability and promote healing, this method is simple in structure, reliable and small in size, and allow early function exercise, therefore obtain wide application in clinical. However, studies have shown that the stability of the tension strap system is highly dependent on whether the spatial orientation of the two k-wires within the patella conforms to the optimal biomechanical trajectory, i.e., 1. Should be located in the posterior 1/3 region of the anterior-posterior radius of the patella and greater than 5mm from the cartilage surface of the patella in the sagittal position, 2. Should be located in the central or medial region of the patella in the coronal position and remain strictly parallel, once the k-wires are advanced, deflected outward or angularly inconsistent, this will result in insufficient anterior compressive stress, posteriorly splayed, significantly impairing the dynamic compression effect of the tension strap, increasing internal fixation failure and risk of re-displacement. In clinical operation, the Kirschner wire is placed by bare hands by a patient, and the ideal track is difficult to stably achieve, mainly because (1) the whole patella is semi-elliptic arc, the upper and lower regions of the patella are narrow, the surface is smooth, a flat reference surface is lacked, the patella is easy to slip and difficult to stably position when the patient inserts the needle, (2) the proximal end of the patella is positioned at the deep part of the femoral quadriceps tendon, the distal end of the patella is adjacent to the tibial tuberosity, the electric drill is easy to be blocked when the patient inserts the needle, the direction control is limited, (3) the visual field in the operation is limited, the volume of the patella is small, the needle insertion angle, the depth and the parallelism are difficult to accurately control, and (4) the patella is lacked of stable and repeatable spatial reference standard, the patient needs repeated needle placement for clinical use, so that the operation time is prolonged, the damage to soft tissue and the fracture block damage risk are increased, and the patient is complicated cases such as to have the fracture caused by polar fracture under the patella, and the needle placement is more required to be precisely placed by one time, otherwise, the repeated operation is easy to aggravated, and the fixing effect is remarkably reduced. Therefore, in clinical operation, the kirschner wire is also placed with the aid of the guiding device, but most of the existing partial guiding devices take fracture broken ends or joint surfaces as positioning references, and the structures are often difficult to fully expose in operation and are easily influenced by fracture displacement, and it is difficult to provide stable, reliable and repeatable spatial references, so how to establish stable and repeatable spatial references to guide the kirschner wire into biomechanical optimal tracks on the premise of not depending on the joint surfaces and fracture broken ends and not interfering with soft tissues is still a technical problem to be solved in the art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the accurate guiding device of the Kirschner wire based on the front cortex surface of the patella, which is used for guiding the Kirschner wire to accurately enter the optimal track meeting biomechanical requirements in the patella by establishing a stable and objective space reference standard on the front corte