CN-121971158-A - Bladder pressure closed-loop control system and method with optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface

CN121971158ACN 121971158 ACN121971158 ACN 121971158ACN-121971158-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a bladder pressure closed-loop control system with an optical fiber sensing magnetic interface and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medical appliances. The invention provides an independent backward inclined optical fiber sensor magnetic interface arranged in a holding dead zone of an inner sheath proximal hub, an optical fiber is led to a distal end through a metal micro-tube of laser micro-welding in an inner sheath wall, an optical fiber Fabry-Perot pressure sensor is embedded in a ceramic beak side wall by adopting a metal-ceramic composite reinforcing structure, an induction diaphragm of the sensor is configured to face away from a central runner of the inner sheath and towards the radial periphery of the ceramic beak, and the layout realizes the complete decoupling of a monitoring path and an operation execution path in physical space, and ensures the in-situ and real-time monitoring of the pressure in the bladder under a strong electromagnetic interference environment. Meanwhile, the system host triggers millisecond-level active pressure relief when the pathological cramp is monitored, and simultaneously calculates pressure-time integral (PTI) in real time to quantify the liquid absorption risk.

Inventors

ZHANG PENG
ZHANG WEI
ZHENG XIAONAN
TAN PING
LIN TIANHAI

Assignees

四川大学华西医院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260330

Claims (10)

1. The bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface is characterized by comprising an improved electrotometer (1), a photoelectric signal processing host (2) and a perfusion control module; the improved electrotome (1) comprises a front end sensing module, a back end sensing module and a back end sensing module, wherein the front end sensing module comprises a tubular metal sheath body, an intelligent inner sheath proximal hub assembly and a distal ceramic insulation beak, and the intelligent inner sheath proximal hub assembly is connected with the distal ceramic insulation beak through the tubular metal sheath body; the perfusion control module comprises a peristaltic pump (7), a peristaltic pump driver (6), a water inlet pipeline (9), an active pressure relief electromagnetic valve (10) and a water outlet pipeline (11), wherein the photoelectric signal processing host (2) is respectively and electrically connected with the peristaltic pump driver (6) and the active pressure relief electromagnetic valve (10), the peristaltic pump (7) is electrically connected with the peristaltic pump driver (6), one end of the water inlet pipeline (9) is connected with the peristaltic pump (7), the other end of the water inlet pipeline is connected with the improved electrotome (1), and the water outlet pipeline (11) is connected with the improved electrotome (1).
2. The bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent inner sheath proximal hub assembly comprises an inner sheath proximal hub (12), and the inner sheath proximal hub (12) is provided with an optical fiber sensing magnetic interface (13); The magnetic attraction interface (13) of the optical fiber sensor is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the hub (12) at the proximal end of the inner sheath and is positioned in a1 point 30-2 point 00-minute direction area or a 10 point 30-11 point 00-minute direction area.
3. The bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface according to claim 2, wherein the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface (13) is internally integrated with a beam expansion global lens (17); An annular bulge (22) is arranged on the end face of the shell of the magnetic attraction interface (13) of the optical fiber sensor, and the axial height of the annular bulge (22) is higher than the installation height of the inner sapphire window (18); When the male component and the female component of the magnetic attraction interface (13) of the optical fiber sensor are in magnetic attraction butt joint through the neodymium iron boron magnetic ring (21), a constant non-contact air gap (20) is formed between the annular bulge (22) and the sapphire window (18) at the opposite end.
4. The bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface according to claim 1, wherein a U-shaped micro groove (25) is formed in the side wall of the distal ceramic insulation beak, an optical fiber pressure sensor (26) is embedded in the U-shaped micro groove (25) and is encapsulated by an insulating material epoxy resin (27), and the outer surface of the epoxy resin (27) is flush with the outer surface of the distal ceramic insulation beak.
5. The bladder pressure closed-loop control system with an optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface according to claim 4, wherein the distal ceramic insulation beak is of a metal-ceramic composite structure, comprising a zirconia ceramic body (23) and a metal reinforcing base (24) connected to the inside of the zirconia ceramic body (23) by active brazing; the depth of the U-shaped micro groove (25) extends to expose the supporting surface of the metal reinforced base (24); the optical fiber pressure sensor (26) is fixed on the supporting surface of the metal reinforced base (24), and the metal reinforced base (24) is subjected to mechanical stress.
6. The bladder pressure closed loop control system with fiber optic sensing magnet interface of claim 5, wherein the U-shaped micro groove (25) is disposed at a3 o 'clock or 9 o' clock lateral position of the distal ceramic insulation beak; the normal direction of the pressure sensing diaphragm of the optical fiber pressure sensor (26) is perpendicular to the axis of the tubular metal sheath body and faces to the side.
7. The bladder pressure closed-loop control method with the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface is realized based on the bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic interface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, outputting an EFPI interference spectrum signal and an FBG reflected wavelength signal through an optical fiber pressure sensor (26); S2, in a demodulation module (4), reading EFPI cavity length change and FBG wavelength drift of the EFPI interference spectrum signal and the FBG reflection wavelength signal, establishing a binary primary equation set matrix, and calculating the real pressure by using an inverse matrix; S3, acquiring a noise fundamental frequency according to a rotating speed signal of a motor encoder of the peristaltic pump (7); S4, constructing a second-order IIR notch filter according to the fundamental frequency of noise, and inputting the real pressure into the second-order IIR notch filter to obtain the real-time bladder pressure; s5, calculating the pressure change rate and the accumulated pressure-time integral according to the real-time bladder pressure; S6, when the pressure change rate exceeds a preset cramp threshold value, checking the change rate of a PWM driving instruction of the peristaltic pump (7), judging that pathological cramps are caused when the change rate of the PWM driving instruction is non-positive, triggering the peristaltic pump (7) to scram and controlling the active pressure relief electromagnetic valve (10) to be fully opened, and inhibiting pressure relief action when the change rate of the PWM driving instruction is positive; And S7, triggering a liquid absorption risk classification alarm when the accumulated pressure-time integral exceeds a preset safety threshold.
8. The closed-loop control method for bladder pressure with an optical fiber sensing magnetic interface according to claim 7, wherein the expression of the binary system of equations matrix in S2 is: , Wherein, the For the EFPI cavity length to vary, For the FBG wavelength drift, As a coefficient of pressure sensitivity, As a temperature cross-sensitivity coefficient, As a temperature sensitivity coefficient, a temperature coefficient of the temperature sensor, As the actual pressure change of the bladder, Is the real temperature change of the bladder.
9. The closed-loop control method for bladder pressure with an optical fiber sensing magnetic interface according to claim 7, wherein the expression of the second order IIR notch filter in S4 is: , , Wherein, the In order to be a transfer function, For the radius of the pole, In order to notch the center angular frequency, For the fundamental frequency of the noise, For the sampling frequency to be the same, For the z-domain delay operator, As a cosine function.
10. The method for closed-loop control of bladder pressure with an optical fiber sensing magnetic interface according to claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the accumulated pressure-time integral in S5 is: , Wherein, the In order to accumulate the pressure-time integral, For the moment of time Is used to determine the real-time bladder pressure, Is a preset reference value of the venous pressure of the pelvis, For a time step of a single sampling period, For the length of time it is desirable that, Is a time variable.

Description

Bladder pressure closed-loop control system and method with optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a bladder pressure closed-loop control system with an optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface and a bladder pressure closed-loop control method. Background Bladder cancer is a common malignancy of the urinary system, and transurethral bladder tumor electrotomy (TURBT) is a standard treatment. Whether conventional monopolar (Monopolar) or modern Bipolar/plasma (Bipolar/PLASMA KINETIC) electrosurgery requires continuous irrigation of irrigation fluid to distend the bladder and maintain the visual field. However, existing fluid management systems have serious "dead zones" and safety hazards: First, existing systems often employ a "proximal monitoring" scheme, i.e., a pressure sensor is located at the pump body outlet. Fluid flow creates significant along-the-path pressure loss due to the presence of tubing from the pump end to the interior (distal end) of the bladder, which is about 2-3 meters long, and a narrow resectoscope entry passageway. When the doctor increases the pump speed to flush bleeding, the high pressure (e.g., 100 mmHg) displayed at the pump end does not reflect the true low cystometric pressure (e.g., 20 mmHg), resulting in erroneous judgment by the doctor. Otherwise, when the front end of the instrument is blocked, the pressure of the pump end is alarmed and stopped, and the bladder possibly collapses due to water shortage, so that the visual field is lost and the instrument is accidentally injured. Second, one of the core tools for TURBT surgery is a single pole high frequency electric knife, which operates to produce high frequency, high voltage electric arcs (300 kHz-3MHz, peak voltage kilovolts) that are extremely strong sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI). If a traditional electronic pressure sensor (such as a piezoresistive MEMS) is placed at the front end of the operation, the metal lead thereof can couple with high-frequency interference, resulting in signal drift and even breakdown of the circuit. While bipolar electroswitching reduces the risk of current passing through the human body, the high frequency, high density plasma field generated at the electrode tip during operation remains a strong source of interference. Therefore, the prior art is difficult to realize in-situ accurate pressure measurement while the electrotome works. Third, the limitations of passive safety mechanisms are that the obturator nerve reflex (Obturator Jerk) or bladder cramp, which may occur during surgery, can cause the cystocele to rise to over 150mmHg in milliseconds, causing life-threatening bladder perforation. The existing peristaltic pump only has the function of "overpressure stopping pump", and cannot release high pressure sealed in the cavity. Fourth, the risk of fluid absorption (TUR syndrome) is that infusion of slightly higher Yu Jing pulse pressures (10-15 mmHg) over time will result in the infusion fluid being absorbed into the blood circulation, causing transurethral electrotomy syndrome, monopolar surgery with non-conductive fluid may result in hyponatremia, while bipolar surgery with saline avoids hyponatremia, but excessive absorption will result in circulatory Volume Overload (Volume Overload), causing acute heart failure or pulmonary edema. Existing devices lack quantitative monitoring of this cumulative absorption risk. In addition, existing endoscope cable management is also a big pain point. The addition of the wired sensor is very easy to lead the cable to be wound with the light guide beam and the electric knife wire, so that the operation freedom degree of doctors is limited, and particularly when the rotating mirror body resects the side wall tumor. Disclosure of Invention The bladder pressure closed-loop control system and method with the optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface solve the problems that in the conventional TURBT operation, bladder pressure monitoring deviation and strong electromagnetic interference cannot be realized, in-situ accurate pressure measurement cannot be realized, burst high pressure cannot be released, perfusate absorption risk lacks quantitative monitoring and the degree of freedom of operation is limited by cable winding. In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the bladder pressure closed-loop control system with the optical fiber sensing magnetic attraction interface comprises an improved electrotometer, an optoelectronic signal processing host and a perfusion control module; The improved electrotome comprises a front end sensing module, a back end sensing module and a back end sensing module, wherein the front end sensing module comprises a tubular metal sheath body, an intelligent inner sheath proximal hub assembly and a distal ceramic insulat