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CN-121971205-A - Acetabular cup prosthesis

CN121971205ACN 121971205 ACN121971205 ACN 121971205ACN-121971205-A

Abstract

An acetabular cup prosthesis includes an acetabular cup, a driver and a spacer. The middle part of the acetabular cup is provided with a first opening, the interior is provided with a containing cavity, the opposite angle of the cavity is provided with a second opening, the two sides of the cavity are provided with third openings, the inner surface is provided with a guide rail. The driving part includes a screw, a cam, and a push rod. The head of the screw is provided with symmetrical ratchets; the cam is sleeved on the screw and is diamond-shaped, and the two sides of the cam are provided with fourth openings; the head of the pushing rod can be pushed into the fourth opening, and the tail triangular block can extend out of the second opening. The top of the gasket is provided with a first fixed block, and a second fixed block can be pushed into the head of the screw for fixation; the first fixed block is pushed by the pawl and the ratchet in two directions. The outer surface of the gasket is provided with a guide groove, the top of the gasket is provided with a fifth opening, and when the guide rail is screwed into the guide groove, the triangular block extends into the fifth opening to limit; the gasket both sides have the sixth trompil, establish the fourth fixed block in, make the fifth fixed block stretch out the sixth trompil and get into the third trompil spacing through the spring after being promoted by the triangle piece.

Inventors

  • ZHANG HONGJUN
  • WAN SHUN
  • MA HAOHAO
  • XU YUNFEI
  • HUA XIN
  • DING BO
  • ZHANG SHUAI

Assignees

  • 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材有限公司
  • 河南省人民医院

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260407

Claims (8)

  1. 1. An acetabular cup prosthesis, characterized by comprising the following steps: The acetabular cup (1), a first penetrating hole (10) is formed in the middle of the acetabular cup (1), a containing cavity (11) is formed in the acetabular cup (1), arc-shaped second penetrating holes (12) are formed in opposite angles on two sides of the containing cavity (11), guide rails (14) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side surface of the acetabular cup (1), The driving part (2), the driving part (2) comprises a screw (20), a plurality of ratchets (200) are uniformly arranged on the head of the screw (20), a cam (21) is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw (20), arc-shaped pushing rods (22) are diagonally arranged on two sides of the cam (21), The gasket (3), gasket (3) set up inside acetabular cup (1), gasket (3) upper portion evenly is provided with a plurality of pawls (32), pawl (32) with ratchet (200) mesh.
  2. 2. An acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the first opening (10) is consistent with the diameter of the screw (20), the accommodating cavity (11) is a disc-shaped hollow, the accommodating cavity (11) and the first opening (10) are concentrically arranged, the second opening (12) is connected with the accommodating cavity (11), the second opening (12) extends to the inner surface of the acetabular cup (1), third openings (13) are symmetrically arranged on the inner surface of the acetabular cup (1), the third openings (13) are arc-shaped, the guide rails (14) are correspondingly connected with the second openings (12), and the cross sections of the guide rails (14) are triangular.
  3. 3. The acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the screw (20) passes through the first hole (10), the left side and the right side of the ratchet (200) on the screw (20) face opposite, the outer surface of the screw (20) is provided with a first thread (201), the cam (21) is of a polygonal structure similar to a diamond, the outer contour of the cam is formed by connecting straight lines at the upper end and the lower end with circular arcs at the two sides in a smooth transition manner, the radian of the circular arcs at the two sides is gradually increased, a threaded hole (210) meshed with the first thread (201) is formed in the middle of the cam (21), the opposite angles at the two sides of the cam (21) are provided with arc-shaped fourth holes (211), the head part of the pushing rod (22) is provided with arc-shaped blocks (220), the tail part of the pushing rod is provided with triangular blocks (221), and the arc-shaped blocks (220) can be pushed into the fourth holes (211).
  4. 4. An acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 3, characterised in that the cam (21) is arranged in the receiving cavity (11), the cam (21) being rotatable in the receiving cavity (11), the push rod (22) being arranged in the second aperture (12), the push rod (22) being movable in the second aperture (12), the cam (21) being in contact with an arcuate block (220) of the head of the push rod (22).
  5. 5. The acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein a disc-shaped first fixing block (30) is arranged at the top of the gasket (3), the diameter of the first fixing block (30) is consistent with the diameter of the head of the screw (20), a second fixing block (300) is arranged at the upper part of the first fixing block (30), the diameter of the second fixing block (300) is smaller than that of the first fixing block (30), and the second fixing block (300) can be pushed into a recess of the head of the screw (20).
  6. 6. The acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of third fixing blocks (31) are uniformly arranged on the first fixing blocks (30), first connecting rods (310) are correspondingly arranged on the third fixing blocks (31), the pawls (32) are hinged with the first connecting rods (310), the pawls (32) are consistent with the ratchet teeth (200) in arrangement direction, and the pawls (32) are oppositely arranged in the left side and the right side.
  7. 7. An acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein two guide grooves (33) are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the gasket (3), a fifth opening (330) in the shape of a triangular block is arranged on the top of the guide groove (33), the guide groove (33) is matched with the guide rail (14) in shape, and the pushing rod (22) can extend into the fifth opening (330) for limiting.
  8. 8. The acetabular cup prosthesis according to claim 7, wherein arc-shaped sixth holes (34) are formed in two sides of the gasket (3), the sixth holes (34) are formed in the bottoms of the fifth holes (330), fourth fixing blocks (340) are arranged in the sixth holes (34), the fourth fixing blocks (340) are triangular blocks, the fourth fixing blocks (340) are connected with first springs (341), and arc-shaped fifth fixing blocks (342) are connected to the other ends of the first springs (341).

Description

Acetabular cup prosthesis Technical Field The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an acetabular cup prosthesis. Background Hip arthroplasty (Total Hip Arthroplasty, THA) is one of the most successful surgical procedures currently used to treat end-stage hip disease, and is effective in alleviating pain in patients and restoring joint function. However, with the gradual rise in the total amount of surgery and the increase in the number of patients younger and active, the problem of long-term complications in the postoperative period is increasingly pronounced, placing greater demands on the long-term stability and survival rate of the prosthesis. In clinical practice, the stability of the prosthesis after replacement is not only dependent on the quality of osseointegration, but also closely related to the mechanical matching and structural cooperation of the components of the artificial joint. The existing hip joint prosthesis system generally adopts a three-layer structure of a ball head, an inner liner and an acetabular cup, wherein the acetabular liner is used as a key interface between the ball head and the metal acetabular cup and plays important roles of buffering load, reducing friction and guaranteeing mobility. Most of the currently marketed liners are simply embedded in the acetabular cup only by taper locking or snap ring structures, and lack effective limitations on circumferential rotation and axial extraction. However, in the postoperative rehabilitation process, part of patients develop large-scale or high-strength functional training earlier, so that high-frequency and multidirectional compound friction is generated between the femoral head ball and the lining. If there are factors such as insufficient spherical matching of the femoral head with the liner or inaccurate acetabular cup angular installation during initial implantation of the prosthesis, the non-uniform stress of the ball-liner interface will be further exacerbated. The unfavorable mechanical environment can gradually induce the liner to perform inching, rotation and even eccentric displacement relative to the acetabular cup, and finally lead to the liner embedding failure and even complete falling. Once the lining loosens or falls off, the friction pair structure of the artificial joint is destroyed, so that pain, limb shortness, lameness and dysfunction of a patient are caused, and local tissue reaction caused by direct impact between the metal acetabular cup and the femoral head or metal abrasive dust is more often accompanied, so that a severe patient needs to perform a revision surgery. Revision surgery often faces the problems of serious bone defect, high surgery difficulty, high complication risk, unsatisfactory function recovery, significant increase of medical cost and the like, and brings heavy burden to patients and medical systems. Therefore, how to enhance the anti-rotation and anti-release capability between the liner and the acetabular cup through the structural optimization design and improve the overall mechanical stability of the prosthesis system has become an important technical problem to be solved urgently in the current artificial hip joint field. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide an acetabular cup prosthesis for solving the problem that connection between an acetabular cup and a lining gasket is not firm enough. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an acetabular cup prosthesis, which specifically comprises an acetabular cup, a driving part and a gasket. The novel acetabulum cup comprises an acetabular cup body, and is characterized in that a first penetrating hole is formed in the middle of the acetabular cup body, a containing cavity is formed in the acetabular cup body, arc-shaped second holes are formed in the opposite sides of the containing cavity in the acetabular cup body, guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the inner side surface of the acetabular cup body, the driving part comprises a screw, a cam and a pushing rod, the screw penetrates through the first penetrating hole, a plurality of ratchets are uniformly arranged on the head of the screw, a dent is formed in the inner portion surrounded by the ratchets, the outer surface of the screw is sleeved with the cam, arc-shaped pushing rods are arranged in the opposite sides of the cam, the pushing rods are correspondingly arranged in the second holes, the gasket is arranged in the acetabular cup body, a plurality of pawls are uniformly arranged on the upper portion of the gasket, and the pawls are meshed with the ratchets. Further, the diameter of the first opening is consistent with the diameter of the screw, the screw can penetrate through the first opening, the accommodating cavity is a disc-shaped hole, the accommodating cavity and the first opening are concentrically arranged, the accommodating cavity is arranged outside the first opening, the second op