CN-121971206-A - Patella femoral joint prosthesis preparation method and system

CN121971206ACN 121971206 ACN121971206 ACN 121971206ACN-121971206-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for preparing a patellofemoral joint prosthesis, wherein the method comprises the steps of extracting anatomical structures of patellofemoral joints according to medical image data of a patient, reconstructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and femur, inputting the three-dimensional geometric model into a mechanical simulation platform to obtain a stress distribution map of the patellofemoral joint, generating an initial prosthesis model according to the stress distribution map and the anatomical model of the patient, combining a topology optimization technology and a multi-target genetic algorithm to obtain a preliminary optimized prosthesis design scheme, and inputting the preliminary optimized prosthesis design scheme into additive manufacturing equipment to obtain a final patellofemoral joint prosthesis. By utilizing the embodiment of the invention, the design and manufacturing precision of the patellofemoral joint prosthesis can be improved, and the long-term stability and applicability of the patellofemoral joint prosthesis in a biological environment can be improved.

Inventors

ZHAO LIANG
CHEN ZHENHUA
Liao Zheting
WANG ZIQI
CHEN YUFAN
WU DESHENG
Qiu Gengtao

Assignees

广州医科大学附属第一医院（广州呼吸中心）

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260121

Claims (10)

1. A method of preparing a patellofemoral joint prosthesis, the method comprising: according to the medical image data of a patient, extracting the anatomical structure of the patellofemoral joint, and reconstructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining an adaptive morphological algorithm; inputting the three-dimensional geometric model into a mechanical simulation platform based on finite element analysis, and simulating the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states to obtain a stress distribution map of the patellofemoral joint; Generating an initial prosthesis model by using a prosthesis design tool based on a generation type design algorithm according to the stress distribution diagram and the patient anatomy model, and optimizing the geometric shape, material distribution and mechanical property of the initial prosthesis model by combining a topology optimization technology and a multi-objective genetic algorithm to obtain a preliminary optimized prosthesis design scheme; Inputting the initially optimized prosthesis design scheme into additive manufacturing equipment, adopting a selective laser melting technology to manufacture the prosthesis, and adopting a surface treatment technology based on plasma electrolytic oxidation to enhance the biocompatibility and wear resistance of the prosthesis after the manufacturing is completed, so as to obtain the final patellofemoral joint prosthesis.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting the anatomical structure of the patellofemoral joint according to the medical image data of the patient, and reconstructing the three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur using a segmentation network based on deep learning in combination with an adaptive morphological algorithm, comprises: According to the medical image data of a patient, adopting a data preprocessing method based on edge calculation to carry out noise filtration and contrast enhancement on the image data, and eliminating artifacts and noise in the image through an adaptive filtering algorithm to generate a processed medical image data set; the method comprises the steps of performing structural segmentation on a processed medical image dataset by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining anatomical features of patella and femur, capturing anatomical details under different scales through a multi-scale attention mechanism, and generating a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result; The method comprises the steps of smoothing and optimizing a segmentation boundary by adopting an optimization method based on a self-adaptive morphological algorithm and combining anatomical features of the patella and the femur on a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result, and generating an optimized patella and femur segmentation result by morphological opening and closing operation and an edge enhancement technology; And (3) converting the two-dimensional segmentation result into a three-dimensional geometric model by adopting a three-dimensional geometric model reconstruction method based on a surface reconstruction algorithm for the optimized patella and femur segmentation result, and smoothing and refining the model by a grid optimization technology to generate a final patella and femur three-dimensional geometric model.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein inputting the three-dimensional geometric model into a mechanical simulation platform based on finite element analysis simulates the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states to obtain the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint, comprising: According to the three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur, discretizing the geometric model into finite element grids by adopting a grid division method based on finite element analysis, and carrying out local encryption on a high-stress area by adopting a self-adaptive grid refinement technology to generate a finite element grid model; Defining material parameters for the finite element mesh model according to the material properties of the patella and the femur, simulating boundary conditions of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states through motion capture data, and generating a preliminary finite element simulation model; For the preliminary finite element simulation model, a mechanical simulation method based on nonlinear finite element analysis is adopted to simulate the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states, and the stress value of each node is calculated through an iterative solution algorithm to generate preliminary stress distribution data; And (3) for the preliminary stress distribution data, mapping the stress value onto a three-dimensional geometric model by adopting a stress distribution map generation method based on a visualization technology, and generating an intuitive patellofemoral joint stress distribution map by adopting a color gradient mapping and contour drawing technology.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said generating an initial prosthesis model from said stress distribution map and said patient anatomy model using a prosthesis design tool based on a generated design algorithm, and optimizing the geometry, material distribution and mechanical properties of the initial prosthesis model in combination with a topology optimization technique and a multi-objective genetic algorithm, resulting in a primarily optimized prosthesis design, comprises: According to the stress distribution diagram and the patient anatomic model, generating an initial prosthesis model by adopting a prosthesis design tool based on a generation type design algorithm and combining the anatomic characteristics and mechanical requirements of the patellofemoral joint; For an initial prosthesis model, a geometric shape optimization method based on a topology optimization technology is adopted, the material distribution of the prosthesis is optimized by combining a high-stress area in a stress distribution diagram, and a low-efficiency material area is removed through a density filtering algorithm to generate a primarily optimized prosthesis geometric shape; For the preliminarily optimized prosthesis geometry, adopting an optimization method based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm, combining the mechanical property and biocompatibility indexes of the prosthesis, dynamically adjusting the design parameters of the prosthesis, and generating an adjusted prosthesis design scheme through a pareto optimal solution search algorithm; And (3) for the adjusted prosthesis design scheme, adopting a verification method based on finite element analysis, combining the anatomy model and the motion state of the patient, verifying the mechanical property and the biocompatibility of the design scheme, and dynamically adjusting the design parameters through a feedback correction mechanism to generate a final preliminary optimized prosthesis design scheme.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein inputting the preliminary optimized prosthesis design into an additive manufacturing device, performing prosthesis manufacturing using a selective laser melting technique, and after manufacturing, enhancing the biocompatibility and wear resistance of the prosthesis using a surface treatment technique based on plasma electrolytic oxidation, resulting in a final patellofemoral joint prosthesis, comprising: For the initially optimized prosthesis design scheme, an additive manufacturing parameter optimization method based on process simulation software is adopted, the characteristics of a selective laser melting technology are combined, laser power, scanning speed and layer thickness manufacturing parameters are optimized, and an optimal manufacturing parameter configuration is generated through a self-adaptive parameter adjustment mechanism; Inputting the optimal manufacturing parameter configuration into additive manufacturing equipment, adopting a selective laser melting technology, melting metal powder layer by layer to generate a three-dimensional solid structure of the prosthesis, and ensuring the precision and quality of the manufacturing process through a real-time monitoring system to generate a preliminary prosthesis entity; detecting the surface roughness of the surface of the prosthesis by adopting a surface roughness detection method based on an optical scanning technology for the preliminary prosthesis entity, and performing preliminary treatment on the surface of the prosthesis by adopting a mechanical polishing technology to generate the prosthesis with a smooth surface; For the prosthesis with smooth surface, a compact oxide film is generated on the surface of the prosthesis by adopting a surface treatment technology based on plasma electrolytic oxidation, and the biocompatibility and the wear resistance of the prosthesis are enhanced by an electrolyte component optimization and voltage regulation mechanism, so that the final patellofemoral joint prosthesis is generated.
6. A patellofemoral joint prosthesis preparation system, the system comprising: The reconstruction module is used for extracting the anatomical structure of the patellofemoral joint according to the medical image data of the patient, adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning, and reconstructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur by combining an adaptive morphological algorithm; The simulation module is used for inputting the three-dimensional geometric model into a mechanical simulation platform based on finite element analysis, and simulating the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states to obtain a stress distribution diagram of the patellofemoral joint; The generating module is used for generating an initial prosthesis model by using a prosthesis design tool based on a generating design algorithm according to the stress distribution diagram and the patient anatomical model, and optimizing the geometric shape, the material distribution and the mechanical property of the initial prosthesis model by combining a topology optimization technology and a multi-objective genetic algorithm to obtain a preliminarily optimized prosthesis design scheme; The preparation module is used for inputting the initially optimized prosthesis design scheme into additive manufacturing equipment, adopting a selective laser melting technology to manufacture the prosthesis, and adopting a surface treatment technology based on plasma electrolytic oxidation to enhance the biocompatibility and wear resistance of the prosthesis after the manufacturing is completed, so as to obtain the final patellofemoral joint prosthesis.
7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the reconstruction module is specifically configured to: According to the medical image data of a patient, adopting a data preprocessing method based on edge calculation to carry out noise filtration and contrast enhancement on the image data, and eliminating artifacts and noise in the image through an adaptive filtering algorithm to generate a processed medical image data set; the method comprises the steps of performing structural segmentation on a processed medical image dataset by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining anatomical features of patella and femur, capturing anatomical details under different scales through a multi-scale attention mechanism, and generating a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result; The method comprises the steps of smoothing and optimizing a segmentation boundary by adopting an optimization method based on a self-adaptive morphological algorithm and combining anatomical features of the patella and the femur on a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result, and generating an optimized patella and femur segmentation result by morphological opening and closing operation and an edge enhancement technology; And (3) converting the two-dimensional segmentation result into a three-dimensional geometric model by adopting a three-dimensional geometric model reconstruction method based on a surface reconstruction algorithm for the optimized patella and femur segmentation result, and smoothing and refining the model by a grid optimization technology to generate a final patella and femur three-dimensional geometric model.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the simulation module is in particular adapted to: According to the three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur, discretizing the geometric model into finite element grids by adopting a grid division method based on finite element analysis, and carrying out local encryption on a high-stress area by adopting a self-adaptive grid refinement technology to generate a finite element grid model; Defining material parameters for the finite element mesh model according to the material properties of the patella and the femur, simulating boundary conditions of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states through motion capture data, and generating a preliminary finite element simulation model; For the preliminary finite element simulation model, a mechanical simulation method based on nonlinear finite element analysis is adopted to simulate the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states, and the stress value of each node is calculated through an iterative solution algorithm to generate preliminary stress distribution data; And (3) for the preliminary stress distribution data, mapping the stress value onto a three-dimensional geometric model by adopting a stress distribution map generation method based on a visualization technology, and generating an intuitive patellofemoral joint stress distribution map by adopting a color gradient mapping and contour drawing technology.
9. A storage medium having a computer program stored therein, wherein the computer program is arranged to perform the method of any of claims 1-5 when run.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory has stored therein a computer program, the processor being arranged to run the computer program to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.

Description

Patella femoral joint prosthesis preparation method and system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of prosthesis preparation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for preparing a patellofemoral joint prosthesis. Background The patellofemoral joint, an important component of the knee joint, functions directly affecting the locomotor ability and quality of life of humans. However, with age, sports injuries or the occurrence of joint diseases (such as arthritis), the patellofemoral joint may be damaged to varying degrees, resulting in severe pain and restricted movement. In severe cases, patellofemoral joint replacement surgery is a necessary choice for treatment. In order to ensure the surgical effect and the quality of life of the patient, the design and preparation of the patellofemoral joint prosthesis is of great importance. Traditional patellofemoral joint prostheses often rely on a generic model, lacking accurate consideration of the individual anatomy of the patient. In such cases, the fit of the prosthesis to the patient's living organism may be inadequate, thereby affecting the performance and the service life of the prosthesis. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method and a system for preparing a patellofemoral joint prosthesis, which are used for solving the defects in the prior art, improving the design and manufacturing precision of the patellofemoral joint prosthesis and improving the long-term stability and applicability of the patellofemoral joint prosthesis in a biological environment. One embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a patellofemoral joint prosthesis, the method comprising: according to the medical image data of a patient, extracting the anatomical structure of the patellofemoral joint, and reconstructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining an adaptive morphological algorithm; inputting the three-dimensional geometric model into a mechanical simulation platform based on finite element analysis, and simulating the stress distribution of the patellofemoral joint in different motion states to obtain a stress distribution map of the patellofemoral joint; Generating an initial prosthesis model by using a prosthesis design tool based on a generation type design algorithm according to the stress distribution diagram and the patient anatomy model, and optimizing the geometric shape, material distribution and mechanical property of the initial prosthesis model by combining a topology optimization technology and a multi-objective genetic algorithm to obtain a preliminary optimized prosthesis design scheme; Inputting the initially optimized prosthesis design scheme into additive manufacturing equipment, adopting a selective laser melting technology to manufacture the prosthesis, and adopting a surface treatment technology based on plasma electrolytic oxidation to enhance the biocompatibility and wear resistance of the prosthesis after the manufacturing is completed, so as to obtain the final patellofemoral joint prosthesis. Optionally, the extracting the anatomical structure of the patellofemoral joint according to the medical image data of the patient, and reconstructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the patella and the femur by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining with a self-adaptive morphological algorithm, including: According to the medical image data of a patient, adopting a data preprocessing method based on edge calculation to carry out noise filtration and contrast enhancement on the image data, and eliminating artifacts and noise in the image through an adaptive filtering algorithm to generate a processed medical image data set; the method comprises the steps of performing structural segmentation on a processed medical image dataset by adopting a segmentation network based on deep learning and combining anatomical features of patella and femur, capturing anatomical details under different scales through a multi-scale attention mechanism, and generating a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result; The method comprises the steps of smoothing and optimizing a segmentation boundary by adopting an optimization method based on a self-adaptive morphological algorithm and combining anatomical features of the patella and the femur on a preliminary patella and femur segmentation result, and generating an optimized patella and femur segmentation result by morphological opening and closing operation and an edge enhancement technology; And (3) converting the two-dimensional segmentation result into a three-dimensional geometric model by adopting a three-dimensional geometric model reconstruction method based on a surface reconstruction algorithm for the optimized patella and femur segmentation result, and smoothing and refining the model by a grid optimizati