CN-121971822-A - Energy storage fire extinguishing system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage fire extinguishing system and method, which relate to the technical field of relevant equipment of energy storage systems and comprise a lithium battery energy storage cabin, wherein a plurality of battery packs with battery core modules arranged therein are stored in the lithium battery energy storage cabin, the front side of each battery pack is provided with a panel, the fire extinguishing system comprises an injection unit and an interface communicated with the injection unit, the injection unit is provided with a plurality of injection holes which are distributed along the axial direction and face the two sides of the interior of the battery pack, the injection unit is arranged on the inner wall of the battery pack and extends along the top of the inner wall of the battery pack towards the depth direction of the battery pack, the interface is arranged at the middle top of the panel, and the fire extinguishing agent conveying unit comprises a fire extinguishing agent storage tank and a conveying pipeline communicated with the outlet end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank. According to the invention, through optimizing the pipeline layout and the open pore structure, the problems of blocking and uneven coverage of the fire extinguishing agent in the traditional mode are solved, the construction of a quick and uniform fire extinguishing agent concentration field and a low-temperature field is realized, the fire extinguishing efficiency is high, and the reburning can be effectively prevented.

Inventors

• SHI LONG
• MA SHUYE

Assignees

• 中国科学技术大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260227

Claims (10)

1. 1. The utility model provides an energy storage fire extinguishing systems, includes lithium electricity energy storage cabin, and lithium electricity energy storage cabin is deposited a plurality of battery package (1) that are equipped with electric core module in, and battery package (1) front side is provided with panel (11), its characterized in that includes: The injection unit (2) comprises an injection pipe (21) and an interface (23) communicated with the injection pipe (21), wherein a plurality of injection holes (22) which are distributed along the axial direction and face the two sides of the interior of the battery pack (1) are formed in the injection pipe (21), the injection pipe (21) is arranged on the inner wall of the battery pack (1) and extends towards the depth direction of the battery pack (1) along the top of the inner wall of the battery pack (1), and the interface (23) is arranged at the middle top of the panel (11); The fire extinguishing agent conveying unit (3) comprises a fire extinguishing agent storage tank (31) and a conveying pipeline (32) communicated with the outlet end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (31), the conveying end of the conveying pipeline (32) is connected with the interface (23), and a first electromagnetic valve (33) is arranged on the conveying pipeline (32); a first detection unit (4) mounted on the panel (11); the control unit (5) is electrically connected with the first detection unit (4) and the first electromagnetic valve (33) respectively, and the control unit (5) is in communication connection with a charging and discharging loop control end of the battery pack (1).
2. 2. The energy storage fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the delivery line (32) comprises a main pipe (321) communicating with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (31) and a plurality of sub-pipes (322) communicating with the main pipe (321), a plurality of the sub-pipes (322) communicating with the interfaces (23) on a plurality of battery packs (1), a plurality of the sub-pipes (322) each having a first solenoid valve (33) mounted thereon.
3. 3. The energy storage and fire extinguishing system according to claim 2, wherein the fire extinguishing agent conveying unit (3) further comprises a branch pipeline (323) communicated with the main pipeline (321), the branch pipeline (323) is hoisted at the top of the lithium battery energy storage cabin, a second electromagnetic valve (324) is arranged on the branch pipeline (323), and a plurality of spray heads (325) facing the battery pack (1) are arranged on the branch pipeline (323); the second detection unit (7) is installed at the top of the lithium battery energy storage cabin, and the second electromagnetic valve (324) and the second detection unit (7) are electrically connected with the control unit (5).
4. 4. Energy-storage fire-extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that an axially distributed row of injection holes (22) on the injection pipe (21) constitutes an injection hole group (24), the injection hole group (24) being provided with two rows, the two groups of injection hole groups (24) being arranged on each side of the central axis of the injection pipe (21) horizontally.
5. 5. The energy storage fire suppression system according to claim 4, characterized in that the aperture of the spray holes (22) of the spray hole group (24) increases gradually in a direction from the interface (23) deeper into the battery pack (1).
6. 6. The energy storage fire suppression system according to claim 5, wherein the spray orifices (22) of two of the spray orifice groups (24) are staggered.
7. 7. Energy storage fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the panels (11) are each provided with an explosion-proof valve (6).
8. 8. Energy storage fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection pipe (21) is made of a high temperature resistant insulating material.
9. 9. A method of energy storage and fire extinguishing based on an energy storage and fire extinguishing system according to any of claims 4-8, comprising the steps of: S1, continuously monitoring internal environment parameters of a battery pack (1) by a plurality of first detection units (4), and sending signals to a control unit (5) in real time; S2, the control unit (5) carries out logic judgment on signals sent by the plurality of first detection units (4) through a preset algorithm, and when judging that the interior of any battery pack (1) reaches a thermal runaway index, a fire alarm instruction is generated; s3, the control unit (5) sends a control instruction to the charge and discharge loop of the battery pack (1) reaching the thermal runaway index based on the fire alarm instruction so as to cut off the charge and discharge loop of the corresponding battery pack (1); S4, the control unit (5) sends a signal to a first electromagnetic valve (33) on a sub-pipeline (322) corresponding to the battery pack (1) reaching the thermal runaway index based on a fire alarm instruction, and the first electromagnetic valve (33) is opened after receiving the signal; S5, the fire extinguishing agent sequentially passes through a main pipeline (321) and a sub pipeline (322) from a fire extinguishing agent storage tank (31) to enter an injection pipe (21) fixed at the top of the inner wall of the battery pack (1) reaching the thermal runaway index, and is sprayed out from two rows of spraying hole groups (24) respectively arranged at the two horizontal sides of the central axis of the injection pipe (21) and covers the battery cell module in the battery pack (1) from top to bottom; And S6, continuously monitoring the internal parameters of the battery pack (1) reaching the thermal runaway index by the first detection unit (4), sending a signal to the control unit (5) in real time, and when the internal parameters of the battery pack (1) reach the preset termination condition of the control unit (5), sending a closing signal to the first electromagnetic valve (33) by the control unit (5) to stop the injection of the fire extinguishing agent.
10. 10. The energy storage fire suppression method of claim 9, further comprising a cabin-level fire suppression procedure: The SS1 is used for monitoring the environment in the cabin in real time through a second detection unit (7) arranged at the top of the lithium battery energy storage cabin; And SS2, when the second detection unit (7) detects that the environment in the lithium battery energy storage cabin reaches a preset dangerous index, the control unit (5) generates a cabin-level fire alarm instruction and sends a signal to a second electromagnetic valve (324) positioned on a branch pipeline (323) at the top of the lithium battery energy storage cabin and communicated with the main pipeline (321) so as to open the second electromagnetic valve (324), and fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to the whole lithium battery energy storage cabin through a plurality of spray heads (325) on the branch pipeline (323).

Description

Energy storage fire extinguishing system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage system related equipment, in particular to an energy storage fire extinguishing system and method. Background The energy storage battery Pack is formed by combining a plurality of battery cells in series-parallel connection and integrating a battery management system BMS, the energy is dense, the space is airtight, once the cell module is in thermal runaway, heat and combustible gas are rapidly accumulated and chained in the battery Pack to spread, and the fire of the whole lithium battery energy storage cabin is likely to be caused when the heat and the combustible gas are serious, so that a fire protection system capable of rapidly cooling and uniformly covering is required to be equipped. The spraying mode of the existing energy storage battery fire protection system is mostly 'integral submerged', namely, fire extinguishing agents such as perfluorinated hexanone are injected into the inner space of the energy storage battery pack in a large quantity and quickly, fire extinguishing is realized by filling the space of the whole energy storage battery pack, electric cores at the initial stage of thermal runaway cannot be restrained and cooled quickly, fire extinguishing and cooling speed is delayed, heat is diffused to adjacent electric cores quickly, thermal runaway chain reaction is easily caused, and integral safety of the energy storage system is seriously threatened. In addition, the existing energy storage battery pack fire-fighting system generally adopts a structural design that a fire extinguishing nozzle is arranged on a front panel, and the structural design has inherent defects in practical application fire extinguishing, namely, the nozzle releases fire extinguishing agent jet flow and is seriously blocked by front densely arranged electric cores or modules, so that fire extinguishing agent cannot directly and quickly reach and wrap the inside of a battery pack, especially early-stage thermal runaway electric cores at the middle and rear parts of the battery pack, and meanwhile, due to the limitations of the position and structural design of the nozzle, uniform fire extinguishing agent concentration distribution and a low-temperature field are difficult to quickly form in the three-dimensional space of the whole battery pack, and the problems of low fire extinguishing efficiency, uneven fire extinguishing agent coverage, easiness in re-burning and the like are caused. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an energy storage fire extinguishing system and method. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: The utility model provides an energy storage fire extinguishing systems, includes lithium electricity energy storage cabin, and lithium electricity energy storage cabin is deposited a plurality of battery packs that are equipped with electric core module in, and battery pack front side is provided with the panel, includes: The spraying unit comprises a spraying pipe and a connector communicated with the spraying pipe, a plurality of spraying holes which are distributed along the axial direction and face the two sides of the interior of the battery pack are formed in the spraying pipe, the spraying pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the battery pack and extends along the top of the inner wall of the battery pack towards the depth direction of the battery pack, and the connector is arranged at the middle top of the panel; The fire extinguishing agent conveying unit comprises a fire extinguishing agent storage tank and a conveying pipeline communicated with the outlet end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, wherein the conveying end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the connector, and a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the conveying pipeline; a first detection unit mounted on the panel; The control unit is electrically connected with the first detection unit and the first electromagnetic valve respectively, and the control unit is in communication connection with a control end of a charge-discharge loop of the battery pack. As a further scheme of the invention, the conveying pipeline comprises a main pipeline communicated with the fire extinguishing agent storage tank and a plurality of sub pipelines communicated with the main pipeline, the sub pipelines are communicated with interfaces on a plurality of battery packs, and the sub pipelines are provided with first electromagnetic valves. The fire extinguishing agent conveying unit further comprises a branch pipeline communicated with the main pipeline, the branch pipeline is hoisted at the top of the lithium battery energy storage cabin, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the branch pipeline, and a plurality of spray heads facing the battery pack are arranged on the branch pipeline; t