CN-121971831-A - Formula of lithium battery fire extinguishing agent for preventing afterburning

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula of a fire extinguishing agent for a lithium battery for preventing re-combustion, which comprises, by mass, 20-60% of a polar organic solvent, 1-15% of a phosphate inhibitor, 0.1-3% of an anionic surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the polar organic solvent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or a combination thereof, the phosphate inhibitor is one or more of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, the anionic surfactant comprises secondary alkyl sulfonate and alpha-alkenyl sulfonate, the fire extinguishing agent improves the wetting penetration capacity by reducing the surface tension, and combines the functions of water-based heat absorption, temperature reduction and phosphate residue coverage to realize rapid fire extinguishment and reduction of the re-combustion risk of a lithium ion battery fire, and the fire extinguishing agent can be stored and transported as a concentrated solution, is diluted and sprayed during use, and is suitable for emergency treatment of single batteries, battery modules and fires of an electrochemical energy storage system.

Inventors

• ZHU XIAOJIE
• YUAN YAQING

Assignees

• 南京九源安全科技有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260228

Claims (8)

1. 1. The formula of the lithium battery fire extinguishing agent for preventing re-combustion is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 20-60% of polar organic solvent, 1-15% of phosphate inhibitor, 0.1-3% of anionic surfactant and water which are added to 100%.
2. 2. The back fire resistant lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formulation of claim 1, wherein the polar organic solvent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, or a combination thereof.
3. 3. The back fire preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formulation according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate inhibitor is selected from one or more of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate.
4. 4. The back fire resistant lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formulation of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a secondary alkyl sulfonate and an alpha-alkenyl sulfonate.
5. 5. The formula of the re-ignition preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, further comprising 0.005-0.2% of a fluorine-containing surfactant.
6. 6. The back fire preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formulation according to claim 5, wherein the fluorosurfactant is sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate.
7. 7. The back fire preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formula according to claim 6, further comprising a thickening component of 0.05-3%, wherein the thickening component is a hydrogel forming system or a thickener system.
8. 8. The back fire preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent formulation according to claim 7, comprising, in mass percent: 35-50% of ethylene glycol, 4-10% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3-2.0% of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, 0.05-1.0% of alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate and the balance of water, and the formula of the fire extinguishing agent can further comprise 0.005-0.2% of perfluorononenoxy sodium benzenesulfonate.

Description

Formula of lithium battery fire extinguishing agent for preventing afterburning Technical Field The invention relates to the field of lithium battery extinguishment, in particular to a formula of a lithium battery extinguishment medicament for preventing afterburning. Background Lithium ion batteries are widely used in the fields of consumer electronics, power batteries, electrochemical energy storage systems and the like due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, the lithium ion battery may undergo thermal runaway due to overcharging, external heating, internal short circuit, mechanical extrusion puncture, or manufacturing defects. In the thermal runaway process, the internal temperature of the battery is rapidly increased, and electrolyte and materials such as a diaphragm are subjected to decomposition reaction and release a large amount of combustible gas, and flame spraying, deflagration and toxic smoke are often generated, so that the fire risk is obviously increased. Unlike traditional class A solid combustible or class B liquid fires, lithium ion battery fires tend to have internal sustained exothermic heat, difficult rapid heat dissipation, thermal runaway transmissibility, and the like. Even if the external open fire is extinguished, the inside of the battery can still be in a high-temperature reaction state, and secondary reburning is easy to occur along with internal heat accumulation or oxygen reentry, and particularly, the battery module, the PACK or the energy storage cabinet and other structures are more prominent. The reburning not only can cause repeated expansion of fire, but also can promote the difficulty of on-site disposal, and can cause continuous threat to personnel safety and peripheral facilities. The current fire extinguishing means for lithium ion battery fires include water or water mist, foam, dry powder, inert gas based extinguishing agents, partial water based extinguishing agents, and the like. The scheme can generally inhibit external open fire to a certain extent in practical application, but part of fire extinguishing medium mainly acts on a flame area, and has insufficient inhibition on continuous heat release in the battery, and obvious re-burning risk still exists after fire extinguishment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new formulation of lithium battery fire extinguishing agent for preventing afterburning, which solves the above technical problems. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a formula of a re-combustion preventing lithium battery fire extinguishing agent, which solves the problems that part of fire extinguishing medium mainly acts on a flame area, the inhibition of continuous heat release in a battery is insufficient, and obvious re-combustion risk still exists after fire extinguishment. The formula of the lithium battery fire extinguishing agent for preventing re-combustion provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-60% of polar organic solvent, 1-15% of phosphate inhibitor, 0.1-3% of anionic surfactant and water which are added to 100%. Preferably, the polar organic solvent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the phosphate inhibitor is selected from one or more of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate. Preferably, the anionic surfactant comprises a secondary alkyl sulfonate and an alpha-alkenyl sulfonate. Preferably, the fluorine-containing surfactant is 0.005-0.2%. Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the fluorine-containing surfactant is sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate. Preferably, the gel-forming composition further comprises 0.05-3% of a thickening component, wherein the thickening component is a hydrogel-forming system or a thickening agent system. Preferably, the method comprises the following steps of: 35-50% of ethylene glycol, 4-10% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3-2.0% of secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, 0.05-1.0% of alpha-alkenyl sodium sulfonate and the balance of water, and the formula of the fire extinguishing agent can further comprise 0.005-0.2% of perfluorononenoxy sodium benzenesulfonate. The beneficial effects are that: 1. the surface tension is obviously reduced through an anionic surfactant system, the wetting and penetrating capacities of a battery shell, a module gap and leaked electrolyte are improved, and the rapid covering and deep effect is realized; 2. The heat absorption and continuous cooling capacity is improved through a water-polar organic solvent system, and the re-burning risk after fire extinguishment is reduced; 3. The high-temperature residue covering effect and a certain inhibiting effect of the phosphate inhibitor improve the inhibiting capability of spraying flame and reburning; 4. can be used as concentrated solution for storage and transportation, and is dilut